Objective To survey the clinical application of glycopeptide antibiotics in hospitalized patients, and evaluate the rationality of drug use, so as to provide reference for rational clinical drug use.Methods A retrospective study was conducted to investigate the application of glycopeptide antibiotics among inpatients in a hospital from January to December in 2014, relevant clinical data were recorded.Results A total of 727 cases were included , 471 (64.79%) of which were infected cases.Respiratory tract infection was the main site of both healthcare-associated infection and community-associated infection (39.17% and 45.98%, respectively).The average days of glycopeptide antibiotic use were 6.06 day (4 403/727).Patients who used glycopeptide antibiotics were mainly from intensive care unit, department of oncology, and department of neurosurgery, accounting for 20.36%(n=148) , 12.10%(n=88), and 11.14%(n=81) respectively.Glycopeptide was used in 338 patients(46.49%),the average types of combined use was 4.43, triple and above was used in 99 patients(13.62%),combination of the second generation cephalosporins was the highest(20.48%).450(61.90%) patients used vancomycin, 260(35.76%)used teicoplanin,17(2.34%)used both vancomycin and teicoplanin.A total of 847 pathogenic strains were isolated, the major were Acinetobacter baumannii (n=111, 13.10%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=80, 9.45%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n=68, 8.03%), and Staphylococcus aureus (n=54 , 6.37%), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was 50 strains.490 (67.40%) patients treated with glycopeptide antibiotics were effective.Of 727 patients, 86 (11.83%) used antibiotics rationally, 315(43.33%) basically rational,and 326 (44.84%) irrationally.Conclusion Application of glycopeptide antibiotics in this hospital is basically rational, but indications should be paid attention.

Objective To explore the intervention in patients with advanced lung cancer in chemotherapy effect in psychology. Methods According to the routine nursing care of 40 cases of patients with advanced lung cancer chemotherapy, and classified as the control group, the other 40 patients in the control group based on the nursing for patients with psychological intervention, and classified as the observation group, two groups of patients in our hospital from January 2015 to January 2017. Results The intervention of patients before, there were no significant difference between the two groups of patients' quality of life and life ability score, after grouping after intervention in observation group were significantly better than the control group patients were compared between the two groups; for the intervention of the satisfaction rate of visible, The proportion of patients in the observation group 97.5% was significantly higher than the control group of 72.5% patients, showed significant differences between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion The psychological intervention analysis find application in patients with advanced lung cancer in chemotherapy, the chemotherapy effect can help to reflect, consolidate the therapeutic effect, improve the quality of life of patients, improve the patients for nursing recognition, therefore it is worthy of reference.

5-Fluorouracil(5-FU)has been widely used to treat gastrointestinal,head,neck,chest and ovarian malignant tu-mors since 1957. As an analogue of pyrimidine,5-FU plays anti-cancer roles by inhibiting thymioylate synthase and integrating its me-tabolites into DNA and RNA. Although 5-FU is one of the first-line therapeutic compounds for gastrointestinal malignant tumor as a sin-gle drug or in combination with other drugs,its effectiveness is hindered by its low efficiency,which may be due to chemotherapy re-sistance. 5-FU chemotherapy resistance may stem from enzyme abnormality,genetic abnormality and tumor microenvironment. In this paper,we make a review about 5-FU actions and the mechanisms underlying chemotherapy resistance.

Objective To realize the current status of central sterile supply departments(CSSDs)in hospitals,and provide the basis for making improvement measures.Methods Field investigation was adopted to study the resource distribution,personnel structure,and the quality of medical instrument cleaning in 78 hospitals in Chongqing.Re-sults Qualified results of 78 hospitals was 24.36% (19/78),basically qualified rate 52.56% (41/78),unqualified rate 23.08% (18/78);inspection results of different types of hospitals were significantly different(Hc= 16.643,P=0.002),qualified hospitals mainly concentrated on city- and county-level hospitals.Unqualified rate of CSSD con-struction area was 78.21% (n= 61),unqualified rate of personal allocation was 75.64% (n= 59),concentrated man-agement of operating rooms and CSSDs was 52.56% (n= 41),mainly concentrated on city- and county-level hospi-tals;decentralized management accounted for 47.44% (n= 37),58(74.36% )hospitals used repeated cleaning stain-less steel tables for receiving,50% didn’t install automated cleaning machine and drying cabinet,42.31% (33/78) performed manual cleaning,40(51.28% )didn’t equip with water treatment system;12(15.38% )hospitals used patched or worn clothing for packing,47 didn’t equip with hard metal container,37(47.44% )had no heat sealing machine,21(26.92% )had no detection equipment for cleaning quality,41(52.56% )had no low temperature sterili-zation instruments;52(66.67% )hospitals performed biological monitoring on high pressure steam sterilizer.Conclu-sion Clean and disinfection equipments in CSSDs in city- and county-level hospitals are well-appointed,procedures of clean and disinfection are standard,and can achieve the standard of clean quality;while hospitals affiliated to fac-tories and private hospitals are not well-appointed,procedures of clean and disinfection are not standard. Construc-tion of CSSD should be standard,so as to ensure the effectiveness of clean,disinfection and sterilization of surgical instruments.

Objective To evaluate the changes of hepatic blood perfusion of liver cirrhosis patients and the role of pericardial devascularization (PCDV)on them.Methods Hepatic artery and portal vein perfusions of 22 liver cirrhotic patients (LC) pre and post P CDV compared with control were evaluated with rheohepatogram(RHG) and ultrasonogram(USG).Results Compared with control,both hepatic and portal effective perfusion of LC were decreased on RHG, PCDV could increase portal perfusion of LC patients without significant effect on hepatic artery.USG showed that portal vein diameter and blood quantity of LC increased and PCDV didn't influence liver perfusion;No correlation between RHG and USG parameters were seen by STATA analysis. Conclusions RHG is an effective way to evaluate comprehensive blood perfusion of cirrhotic livers,the effect of operation on blood perfusion and prognosis.

Objective To test the hypothesis that if oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) were associated with target organ damage(TOD) in patients with essential hypertension.Methods A total of 182 patients with primary hypertension[102 males and 80 females,age (52.8?18.4) years] were enrolled in this study in our department between October 2006 and June 2009.Patients were classified as with TOD(n=85) or without TOD (n=97).Left ventricular mass index (LVMI) and intima-media thickness(IMT) was determined using echocardiography;24 hours urine microalbumin and retinal changes were measured.Cerebral hemorrhage,ischemic infarction,transient ischemic attack (TIA) were evaluated by CT or MRI.Serum ox-LDL was measured by sandwich ELISA.Results Mean ox-LDL level were (114.6?24.3)U/L in without target organ damage patients which was significantly lower than that in target organ damage group[(164.2?27.6)U/L,P

BACKGROUND:Bionic structure is one of the most important goals of scaffold design in tissue engineering. However, the majority of the bionic scaffolds do not have the capacity of sustained release of growth factors.
OBJECTIVE:To fabricate a novel biomimetic nanofibrous heparin/gelatin scaffold and investigate the characterization of the scaffolds including the microstructure, the mechanical strength andin vitro recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) release.
METHODS:Heparin-conjugated gelatin was prepared by chemical crosslinking and mixed with gelatin at different ratios. Nanofibrous composite scaffolds with different ratios of heparin-conjugated gelatin (0, 20% and 40%) were fabricated by using a thermaly induced phase separation combined with particle leaching technique. The amount of conjugated heparin in the scaffolds, scaffold microstructures and mechanical strength were detected and observed. The release kinetics of rhBMP-2 from the scaffolds with different concentrations of heparin conjugated gelatin was detected using ELISA method.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The composite scaffolds possessed abundant porosities, good mechanical properties, and biomimetic nano-structures. The macroporous size was 250-420 μm. When the ratio of heparin-conjugated gelatin was 0, 20% and 40%, the content of heparin in the scaffolds was 0, (12.82±2.49) and (25.08±3.69) mg/g, respectively, with significant differences; the elastic modulus of the composite scaffolds was (299±38), (286±40) and (236±33) kPa, respectively, with insignificant differences (P > 0.05). With the increase in the content of heparin-conjugated gelatin, the rhBMP-2 adsorption capacity of the nanofibrous heparin/gelatin scaffold is improved, thereby significantly reducing the burst release of rhBMP-2 and prolonging the releasing time.

Objective To investigate the protective effects of ursolic acid (UA) on global cerebral ischemic-reperfusion injury in rats.MethodsThe experimental rats were divided into the sham operation group, the model group, the UA low, medium and high dose groups, 20 in each group. Except the rats in the sham operation group, the rats in other groups were dealed by four arteries occlusion to made global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model. The rats in the UA low, medium, high dose groups were given UA as 40, 80, 120 mg/kg immediately after the occlusion line was inserted; the rats in the sham operation group and the model group were given equal-volume saline. And 6 hours later, the recovery time of righting reflex and electrical activity of brain were recorded, water content of the brain were evaluated, and the activity of LDH, MDA, SOD, CAT in brain tissue were determined; the inflammatory cytokines content of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 were determined by ELISA. Results Compared with the model group, the recovery time of righting reflex (20.6 ± 7.2 min, 18.2 ± 6.9 min vs. 27.3 ± 8.8 min) and electrical activity of brain (16.2 ± 5.8 min, 14.9 ± 5.6 min vs.24.1 ± 7.2 min) of the UA medium and high dose groups were shortened (P<0.05 orP<0.01); the water content were significantly decreased (79.0% ± 0.7%, 78.6% ± 0.5%vs. 80.7% ± 0.9%;P<0.05 orP<0.01); the activity of SOD (158.5 ± 8.4 U/mg, 165.4 ± 9.0 U/mgvs. 143.0 ± 7.1 U/mg), CAT (3.3 ± 1.4 U/mg, 3.9 ± 1.5 U/mgvs. 2.4 ± 0.9 U/mg) in brain tissue of the UA medium and the high dose groups were significantly improved; the content of LDH (16.0 ± 2.6 mmol/g, 18.4 ± 2.8 mmol/gvs. 12.4 ± 1.9 mmol/g) were significantly increased; the content of MDA (18.6 ± 2.8μmol/g, 17.2 ± 2.4μmol/gvs. 24.9 ± 3.4μmol/g), TNF-α (45.8 ± 6.3 nmol/L, 40.1 ± 5.6 nmol/Lvs. 56.3 ± 7.2 nmol/L), IL-6 (187.2 ± 18.5 nmol/L, 136.8 ± 15.7 nmol/Lvs. 238.4 ± 22.9 nmol/L) were significantly decreased, and the content of IL-1β in UA 120 mg/kg treated group was significantly decreased (713.6 ± 56.3 nmol/L vs. 915.7 ± 70.5 nmol/L;P<0.05 orP<0.01).Conclusion UA can effectively promote righting reflex and EEG recovery, reduce brain water content, which perhaps related with its pharmacological effects of enhanceing the activity of antioxidant enzymes, lower oxidative stress, and inhibit inflammation.

Objective:To explore the clinical efficacy of Paishi granules on promoting stone expulsion after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy ( ESWL) . Methods:A retrospective study method was adopted. Totally 510 cases of lithangiuria patients were divided into the treatment group and the control group with 255 cases in each. The control group was treated by ESWL, and the treatment group was treated by Paishi granules after ESWL. The stone expulsion rate,clinical efficacy and adverse reactions in the two groups were stud-ied and compared. Results:The stone expulsion rate of the observation group was 78. 8%,which was significantly higher than that of the control group (51. 0%, P<0. 05). The curative rate of the observation group was 72. 9% with the total effective rate of 92. 5%, that of the control group was 43. 9% with the total efficiency of 82. 4%,and the differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P<0. 05). There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P>0. 05). Conclusion:Using Paishi granules after ESWL can promote stone expulsion with high efficacy and slight adverse reactions.

Objective To analyse the effect of repaglinide combined with Zhenqi Jiangtang Capsules on βcell function in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods 60 elderly patients were collected from harbour branch of Hainan provincial People's hospital, who were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus .All patients were randomly divided into experimental group and control group, 30 cases in each group, 2 groups of patients were given control diet, moderate exercise, and other conventional adjuvant therapy.Control group was treated with repaglinide orally on the basis of routine adjuvant treatment, 1 mg/times, three times per day,experimental group were given Zhenqi Jiangtang Capsules based on the treatment in control group,4 grains/times,three times per day.Both groups were treated for 4 weeks, after the end of treatment, blood glucose levels,serum insulin levels,βcell function and serum lipids in all patients were detected.ResuIts After treatment, compared with control group, the levels of blood glucose, HbA1c and AUCg in experimental group were significantly lower ( P<0.05 );the insulin levels 30 min,60 min, 120 min after meal were significantly higher (P<0.05);the HOMA-IR of patients was significantly lower(P<0.05);IRG, AUCi and AUCi/AUCg were significantly higher (P<0.05);the serum TC, TG, LDL levels were significantly lower, serum HDL levels were significantly higher(P<0.05).ConcIusion Repaglinide combined with Zhenqi Jiangtang Capsules can significantly reduce the blood glucose and lipid levels in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes, improve the function of pancreatic beta cells, promote postprandial insulin secretion and improve insulin resistance.