AIM:To investigate the effects of tanshinone IIA ( Tan) on cardiac action potential in rats with a-cute cerebral ischemia (ACI).METHODS:ACI was established in rats accordingly .Animals were divided into 3 groups:sham group, ACI group, and ACI with Tan treatment group .The defect of neural function in each group was graded , elec-trocardiogram was measured , monophasic action potential was recorded , and the levels of cardiac troponin I ( cTnI ) and creatine kinase-MB ( CK-MB) were examined by commercially available kits .RESULTS:Compared with ACI group , Tan significantly decreased the scores of the defect of neural function , reduced the incidence and duration of the abnormalities in electrocardiogram , prolonged the effective refractory period , action potential duration at 50%repolarization and action po-tential duration at 90%repolarization, and inhibited the elevation of cTnI and CK-MB levels.CONCLUSION:Tan main-tains a stable heart rhythm in ACI rats , which may be related to its protective effect on ischemic myocardium .

ObjectiveTo investigate the outcomes of mother a nd baby smaller than 37 gestational age caused by preeclampsia. Method sThe data for 122 preterm birth that was single pregnancy with preecla mpsia in our hospital from January 1993 to December 2002 were collected. The pri nciple of diagnosis and treatment, the outcomes were analyzed retrospectively. T he 122 pregnant women were divided into 3 groups according to their gestational age, more than 28 weeks and smaller than 31 +6 weeks was the first group (28 cases), more than 32 weeks and smaller than 33 +6 weeks was the second grou p (26 cases), more than 34 weeks and smaller than 36 +6 weeks was the thir d group (68 cases). The data were statisted with SAS software.Results The earlier the pregnancy-induced hypertension happened, the earlier the preeclampsia occured, the mean time was 14 03 d, 16 85 d,22 22 d, respect ively, (P0.05), the outcomes of mothers were good. Increasing the gestational age under the cond ition that the occurrene of comptications was not increased, 60 64% pregnant wo men accepted the treatment of improving the maturity of fetal lung. There were n o differences among the three groups at the morbidity of perinatal SGA, intracra nial hemorrhage (P 0.05) .ConclusionWe could improve the outcomes of pret erm birth caused by preeclampsia by enhancing the perinatal care, treating and t erminating pregnancy activey Increasing the gestational age, improving the matur ity of fetal lung would decrease the morbidity of severe RDS and improve the pe rinatal outcome effectively.

Objective To investigate the expression of Vav1 in gastric cancer(GC), and analyze its potential relevance to clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic significance in GC patients. Methods The mRNA expression level of Vav1 was detected by real-time quantitative PCR in GC cell lines (HGC-27,SGC7901 and MGC803) and normal gastric mucosa cell line (GES-1). In addition, the protein expression of Vav1 was analyzed by immunohistochemistry in formalin-fixed samples from 105 GC patients. The associations between clinical pathological features and Vav1 protein expression were evaluated in GC patients. Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression analysis were used to analyze the related factors influencing the prognosis of GC. Results The mRNA expression levels of Vav1 were significantly higher in GC cell lines (HGC-27, SGC7901, MGC803) than those in normal gastric mucosa cell line (GES-1, P<0.05). The positive expression of Vav1 in GC tissues was correlated with diameter of tumor and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). The univariate analysis showed that size of tumor, degree of differentiation, serosal invasion, lymph node metastasis and Vav1 expression were significantly related with prognosis of GC (P<0.05). Results of Cox regression showed that tumor invasion depth (HR=2.764, 95%CI 1.316-5.817, P=0.007), lymph node metastasis (HR=1.298, 95%CI 1.098-1.534, P=0.002) and Vav1 expression (HR=2.577, 95%CI 1.066-3.946, P=0.006) were the risk factors affecting prognosis of patients with gastric cancer. Conclusion Vav1 performs important role in the aggressiveness of GC, and Vav1 may serve as a novel prognostic factor in GC.

Focal adhesion kinase( FAK) ,a cytoplasmic non-receptor protein tyrosine kinase,serves as both a molecular scaffold and a mediator participating in multiple signal transduction pathways.FAK is involved in tumor cell survival,proliferation,migration and metastasis.Recent studies have shown that FAK is expressed in many tumor cells.Currently,FAK has been regarded as a potential target for cancer therapy.This review is to summarize the relationship between FAK and tumor progression.

OBJECTIVE:To explore the method of pharmaceutical care which influence the effect of the treatment for diabetes mellitus at home. METHODS:163 patients with diabetes mellitus in community who received treatment at home were selected, and then randomly divided into control group (58 cases),family visit group (51 cases) and group education group (54 cases);control group were given pharmaceutical intervention with traditional dispensing window;family visit group received door-to-door service or telephone follow-up service;group education group were given collective education and interactive way. The latter two groups were all given regular drug education,and the advisory desk was set up and provided consulting services about medication knowledge. RESULTS:After providing pharmaceutical care,the regular medication rate of 3 groups were 43.1%,64.8% and 78.4%;medication adherence were 51.7%,70.4% and 82.4%;the rates of blood glucose at target level were 29.3%,48.1% and 54.9%;the rates of glycosylated hemoglobin at target level were 13.7%,31.5% and 31.4%,ADR occurance rates were 31.0%, 13.0%,5.9%. These index of family visit group and group education group were all better than those of control group significantly (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Humane pharmaceutical care can improve the quality and effect of the treatment for diabetes mellitus.

Mefformin is the first-line oral medicine used to treat type 2 diabetes.Besides its glucose-lowering effect,Mefformin can inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells,especially colorectal cancer cells.In recent years,there is mounting evidence that mefformin could reduce the risk and mortality of colorectal cancer, and its mechanism includes activating AMP activated protein kinase pathway,interfering with cell cycle,redu-cing insulin resistance,inhibiting the inflammatory response and killing colorectal cancer stem cells,etc.

BACKGROUND:Static cold storage is the main storage method of liver transplantation in the past 40 years. There are success cases in foreign countries about the use of mechanical reperfusion in liver transplantation, but there is no large-scale development in China. OBJECTIVE:To investigate and compare the inflammatory cytokines and apoptotic factors in isolated liver between static cold storage and hypothermic machine perfusion before and after liver transplantation. METHODS:There were donor group, static cold storage group and hypothermic machine perfusion group in the study, and 30 dogs were in each group. Liver specimens from donor dogs were subjected to static cold storage and then transplanted into dogs in the static cold storage group. Liver specimens from dogs in the static cold storage group were subjected to hypothermic machine perfusion and then transplanted into dogs in the hypothermic machine perfusion group. Liver specimens from dogs in the hypothermic machine perfusion were used in other experiments. Dogs in the donor group were euthanatized. After liver transplantation, 20 dogs from static cold storage group and hypothermic machine perfusion group were selected respectively for further study. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: When the liver was separated from the dogs, inflammatory cytokines and apoptosis factors had no significant difference in the static cold storage group and hypothermic machine perfusion group (P > 0.05). P53 expression in these two groups had no significant difference before and after transplantation (P > 0.05). Interleukin-1βand interleukin-8 in these two groups had no significant difference before transplantation (P > 0.05). Compared with the static cold storage group, expressions of tumor necrosis factor-α, macrophage inflammatory protein-1α, macrophage inflammatory protein-1β, CC chemokine ligand 20 and FASR were significantly lower in the hypothermic machine perfusion group before transplantation (P< 0.01). Compared with the static cold storage, interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-8, macrophage inflammatory protein-1α, macrophage inflammatory protein-1β, CC chemokine ligand 20, FASR and nuclear factor-κB were reduced significantly in the hypothermic machine perfusion group at 60 minutes after transplantation (P < 0.01). Taken together, hypothermic machine perfusion can significantly reduce inflammatory cytokines and apoptosis factor, which is conducive for liver transplantation.

ObjectiveTo discuss the features and laws of online learning of graduate studnets in Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (BUCM); To provide references for the directions of guidance and improvement. Methods Graduate students from the grade 2014 in BUCM were set as the investigation objects. Questionnaire was used to investigate students’ online learning experience, learning channels, time frequency, main contents for online learning, learning achievements and shortcomings, and cognitive degree of MOOCs. Students were invited to write down their understanding of online learning and their opinions and suggestions for the new learning mode of combining MOOCs and classroom learning.Results In this survey, 92.16% of graduate students had the experience in online learning; 41.18% of the students did online learning through the campus network; 47.06% of students kept“once a week” frequency of online learning; 54.90% of students learnt through the network mainly used to develop extracurricular knowledge; 66.27% of students thought online learning had a certain learning harvest; 49.41% of students thought complicated network information brought certain problems. In the MOOCs cognitive survey, 43.92% of students did not understand MOOCs completely; 66.27% of students wanted to try MOOCs as a new study mode; 30.98% of students thought the hours of MOOCs should accounts for a quarter of the total class hours.Conclusion Most graduate students have experience in online learning, have certain learning achievements and have expectations for MOOCs teaching.

Discovery of noncoding RNA(ncRNA)over the past decade has reflected a paradigm shift of traditional RNA research. There is evidence that RNA can function not only as a messenger between DNA and protein,but as a regulator of genome organization and gene expression,which is increasingly elaborate in complex organisms. ncRNA seems to operate at many levels,however,in?cluding the physiological and pathological status. The research of ncRNA in pharmacology has not been summarized before. Here,we reviewed the emergence of the ncRNA in the research of pharma? cology,such as acting as biomarkers and medical targets. Besides,we mentioned their role in drug resistance and drug addiction in order to highlight the significant role of ncRNA in pharmacology.