Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis caused by Vibrio cholerae non-O1/ non-O139 is a rare
phenomenon. V. cholerae is known as a common aetiology of epidemic diarrheal disease
and rarely causes extra-gastrointestinal infections. In this report, a 52-year-old man presented
to our hospital with a clinical scenario for chronic liver cirrhosis with low grade fever and
loose stools. V. cholerae was isolated from peritoneal fluid culture, which was further
confirmed as non-O1/ non-O139 strain by multiplex polymerase chain reaction. The patient
was successfully treated with antimicrobial therapy and peritoneal drainage. This case
represents the first isolation of V. cholerae non-O1/ non-O139 strain from peritoneal fluid.
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