Cholesterol Granuloma [CG] is a rare pathology found in the paranasal sinuses and is usually associated with middle ear infections. The etiology of sinonasal CG is not yet known. The clinical manifestations are nonspecific. Most patient presents with nasal discharge, facial pain and nasal obstruction similar to current case. The additional feature observed in the present case was bilateral CG of the maxillary sinus which was extending into ostiomeatal complex and into the oral cavity, whose clinical, imaging and histological characteristics were unique.

Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a high risk precancerous condition predominantly occurs in Indians and other population of the Indian subcontinent with certain oral habits. Betel quid (BQ) chewing is a popular oral habit with potential links to the occurrence of oral cancer. In patients with submucous fibrosis, the oral epithelium becomes atrophic and thereby becomes more vulnerable to carcinogens. Since the ingredients of BQ, tobacco are crucial for tumour initiation, promotion and progression, exposure to these toxicants simultaneously has been shown to markedly potentiate the oral cancer incidence in OSF patients. The rate of malignant transformation of OSF has been estimated to be 4.5%. Most cases with malignant transformation in OSF had occurred gradually over a long period of time.

Healing of the injured site is a complex biological process of carefully orchestrated cellular events. Presence of any foreign body at the site of injury delays the healing along with inducing biological response such as inflammation, infections, allergic reactions, toxic events and tissue alterations. Such body reactions against an exogenous materials depends upon the mode of entry, chemical composition of material, quantity of material its physical form and also depends upon the body site. A careful history, clinical examination and imaging techniques should be considered for patients with any suspected penetrating injuries.

Odontomas are benign hamartomas which are often detected on routine radiographic examinations for other dental complaints. They are usually surgically removed but are rarely examined histopathologically. We report two cases with identical radiological features but different histopathological outcome, thus stressing the importance of histopathological examination of odontoma.

The oral mucosa may present clinical features of a certain conditions similar to those observed in lichen planus called lichenoid reaction. The pathological feature resembles that of lichen planus. The pathologist requires the indication of a cause – effect relationship by the clinician in order to provide a diagnosis of lichenoid reaction. This condition is treated by removal of the causal factor. Here we report a case of lichenoid reaction due to tobacco chewing habit in an 30 year old male patient. This case was reported from Yenepoya dental college, Yenepoya University, Mangalore, India.

Lichen planus (LP) is a chronic mucocutaneous disorder in which auto-cytotoxic T lymphocytes trigger apoptosis of epithelial cells leading to chronic inflammation. Oral Lichen Planus (OLP) is a disease which has a slight malignant potency. The diagnosis of OLP can be made from the clinical features if they are sufficiently characterized, but biopsy is recommended to confirm the diagnosis and to exclude dysplasia and malignancy. This is a case report of erosive lichen planus in a female patient, aged 45 years.

Largely oral cancers are preceded by potentially malignant lesions, which may appear as white or red patches on the oral mucosa. Leukoplakia is one of the most common epithelial precursors of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Speckled leukoplakia is a rare type of leukoplakia with a very high risk of premalignant growth and mortality rate. Though it is the common precancerous lesion, it poses a major diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. We present a rare case of bilateral recurrent speckled leukoplakia with malignant transformation and discuss this relatively rare entity in light of current information from the literature. We also attempt to present the clinical relevance, and the therapeutic modalities available for the management of the disease.

Behçet’s syndrome is a chronic multisystem vasculitis characterized by mucocutaneous, articular, neurological, gastrointestinal and ophthalmological lesions. Behcet’s syndrome is a disease of uncertain etiology. It may be due to immune dysregulation including circulating immune complex, autoimmune cytokines and heat shock proteins are major factor in the pathogenesis of Behcet’s syndrome. Patient’s positive pathergy test suggests a diagnosis of Behcet’s disease. Corticosteroids and immunosupressive drugs are the first line of treatment. This is a case report of juvenile Behcet’s syndrome in a thirteen year old girl associated with arthritis.

Epulis fissuratum is a benign tumor like inflammatory hyperplastic growth which occurs on the mucosa along the borders of an ill fitting full or partial removable denture. If ulcerated, it can mimic oral squamous cell carcinoma. The treatment includes surgical removal of excess fibrous tissue and remodelling or reconstructing the denture suitably, ensuring better adaptability to the ridges. This case report describes a 55 year old male patient with characteristic clinical features of denture induced inflammatory hyperplasia.

Fibromas are the benign tumours that are most commonly encountered among the oral soft tissue lesions. They are mostly seen as a protective mechanism of the mucosa towards chronic irritation. They present clinically as a round or ovoid, soft to firm in consistency, exophytic growth, mostly pale pink in colour with smooth surface. These lesions are asymptomatic and do not require any treatment until bothersome to the patient. The clinical features, histopathological features and treatment of an irritational fibroma occurring on the hard palate of a 32 year old female are presented.