Objective To evaluate the effect of argon laser photocoagulation (photocoagulation group) and endolaser photocoagulation during vitrectomy (vitrectomy group) on the eyes with Eales disease by fundus fluorescein angiography(FFA) and visual acuity (VA).Methods Sixty-seven eyes with Eales were treated by photocoagulation and 31 eyes with Eales were treated by vitrectomy. The changes of FFA and VA before and after treatment were observed.Results In the photocoagulation group, retinal non-perfusion disappeared in 31eyes(55 4%),alleviated in 17eyes(30 4%),unchanged in four eyes(7 1%)and deteriorated in four eyes(7 1%).Retinal neovascularization disappeared in 30 eyes(50 8%),alleviated in 19 eyes (32 2%),remained in six eyes(10 2%)and deteriorated in four eyes(6 8%).The first FFA after treatment, non-perfusion was existed in 25 eyes in photocoagulation group, and only was existed in two eyes in vitrectomy group.Neovascularization was existed in 29 eyes in photocoagulation group, and was existed in three eyes in vitrectomy group.The best visual correction(VA≥3 0) in photocoagulation and vitrectomy groups respectively was 30 eyes and zero eye before treatment,and after treatment respectively was 47 eyes and five eyes.There were 54 eyes and 11 eyes with VA≥0 05 in photocoagulation and vitrectomy groups respectively before treatment,and 60 eyes and 20 eyes with VA≥0 5 respectively after treatment.Conclusions The better result of FFA in vitrectomy group was related to the sufficient photocoagulation by endolaser. The higher rate of low vision in vitrectomy group was related to the impairment of macula by large amount of vitreous hemorrhages,retina detachment and vitrectomy. So the patients with Eales should be checked by FFA as early as possible.If the patients had the indicator to be treated by laser,they should be treated early and rechecked by FFA,to avoid the visual function harm by repeated vitreous hemorrhage due to incomplete treatment.