Objective:To investigate the relationship between the gene polymorphism cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14)-159C/T (rs2569190),and interleukin-8 (IL-8)-251A/ T (rs4073)and the susceptibility of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC),to clarify the influencing factors of susceptibility of NEC and to provide genetics theory basis for the research on the pathogenesis of NEC. Methods:Total 28 newborns with NEC and 41 newborns without NEC were selected.The amplification of peripheral blood DNA was conducted by PCR.The genotypic and allelic frequencies of CD14-159C/T and IL-8-251A/T of the patients were detected by Sanger DNA sequencing method. The relationship between them and the susceptibility of NEC was studied.Results:The distribution of genotypic frequencies of CD14-159C/T and IL-8-251A/T was consistent with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P >0.05).There were no significant differences of the allelic and genotypic frequencies of CD14-159C/T,or genotypic frequencies of IL-8-251A/T between two groups (P >0.05).While in NEC group,the T allelic frequency of IL-8-251A/T site was higher than that in control group (χ2 = 4.184, P = 0.041, OR = 2.14, 95% CI: 1.03 - 4.46 ). Conclusion:The polymorphism of CD14-159C/T is irrelevant to the pathogeny of NEC,but T allelic frequency of IL-8-251A/T site might be related to the susceptibility of NEC.So T allele in IL-8-251A/T may be one of the danger factors of NEC.

Cystic liver metastasis, which lacks specific clinical manifestations and standardized treatment, rarely occurs after radical gastrectomy. This study presented two gastric cancer cases with cystic liver metastasis treated in Wuxi People's Hospital from September 2008 to November 2012. The two female patients were 66 and 65 years old, respectively. Poorly differentiated ulcerated adenocarcinoma classified as stage III B [Tumor, Node, and Metastasis Classification (T4aN2M0)] and clinical manifestations of abdominal distension and ascites were detected in both patients. Cyst fluids were subjected to cytological analysis. Results confirmed the presence of liver metastasis of gastric cancer. The two patients benefited from local intracavitary chemotherapy or systemic intravenous chemotherapy.

Objective To study the therapeutic value of the endoscopic papillectomy for adenoma in the major duodenal papilla.Methods All 3 1 cases with the major duodenal papilla undergoing endoscopic papillectomy from January 2008 to June 2013 were retrospectively reviewed.The clinical data,endoscopic treatment,complications and follow-up were analysed.Results Endoscopic papillectomy was performed successfully in 29 patients.Post-operative pathology showed adenoma with low-grade dysplasia in 25 cases and high-grade dysplasia in 4 cases.One patient (3. 4%,1/29 )bled during operation;and there was no bleeding after operation. There was no perforation during and after the operation. Seventeen patients (58. 6%,17/29)developed hyperamylasemia and 3 patients(10. 3%,3/29)got mild pancreatitis,which were cured by conservative treatment.During follow-up,2 patients (6. 9%,2/29)with high-grade dysplasia had tumor recurrence after 6 months and 2 years respectively.The 27 other patients had no recurrence during the follow-up period.The shortest follow-up was 1 1 months,the longest was 5 years,with a mean time of 33. 5 ±8. 5 months.Conclusion Endoscopic papillectomy is feasible and safe for early tumors of the major duodenal papilla.Although the postoperative recurrence rate is low,it still needs close follow-up.

Objective To introduce improved program for traction wire production in endoscopic submucosal dis-section assisted by oral traction. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 40 patients who received en-doscopy intervention. Through the use of improved traction and normal traction, they were divided into experimental group and control group. Then analyze and compare their clinical data like gender, age, traction line installed perfect time, fixed lesions after hemostatic clip off times, one-time complete resection, enbloc resection rate, bleeding and perforation and other complications and other clinical conditions. Results The improvement time was (53.30 ±12.85) s in experimental group, it was significantly shorter than that in control group (105.00 ± 11.68) s ( = 3.42, <0.05). The experimental group fixed lesions after hemostatic clamp off times were significantly less than that in con-trol group (χ2=2.37, <0.05). Conclusions Using innovative methods, adequate preoperative preparation, the op-erator's tacit understanding of nursing cooperation, close attention to the disease after surgery is the key to achieve the desired results of endoscopic surgery.

Objective To evaluate the effects and the safety of peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) for achalasia (AC).Methods POEM was performed on 7 AC patients from November 2010 to November 2011.Preoperative dysphagia grade,postoperative complications and short-term and long-term efficacy were recorded.Results POEM was performed successfully on all the 7 patients.The operation time were ranging from 46 to 113 minutes,mean 73 ± 20 minutes.Subcutaneous emphysema and mediastinal emphysema occurred in 2 patients,but cured after treatment.The 1-12 month follow-up showed dysphagia of all the patients was obviously improved.Conclusion POEM is efficient and safe to relieve dysphagia of AC patients.

Objective To evaluate the effects of drotaverine hydrochloride versus scopolamine in re-ducing duodenal motility and in facilitating cannulation during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatogra-phy (ERCP). Methods Randomized controlled trial of 650 participants from 4 endoscopic centers assigned to receive scopolamine 20 mg or drotaverine hydrochloride 40 mg intravenously 15 minutes before ERCP. Pa-rameters including duodenal motility grades, success rates of deep cannulation, ERCP-related complications and adverse effects were recorded. Results The data of 638 patients (319 in each group) were valid. There were no significant differences in duodenal motility grades (1.17 ±0. 82 vs. 1.13 ± 0.89, P =0. 705), success rate of deep cannulation (90. 9% vs. 91.8%, P =0. 672) and incidence of ERCP-related complications (11.3% vs. 11.0%, P =0. 900) between 2 groups. However, the incidence of tachycardia (heart rate > 120 bpm) during ERCP was lower in drotaverine group than in scopolamine group (2. 2% vs. 6. 9%, P = 0. 004). There was no significant difference in other adverse effects (nausea, vomiting) between 2 groups. Conclusion Drotaverine hydrochloride may provide a reasonable alternative as antimotility agent before ERCP.

m trophoblast cells stimulated by LPS.

Objective: To analysis the risk factors of postoperative bleeding of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for early gastrointestinal cancer. Methods: A retrospective study was performed on the data of 430 patients (449 lesions) with early gastrointestinal cancer undergoing ESD in Fujian Provincial Hospital Digestive Endoscopic Center from June 2008 to February 2015 and in Fujian Provincial Hospital South Branch Digestive Endoscopic Center from May 2015 to April 2018. Patients with postoperative bleeding were compared with those without postoperative bleeding on the basis of general conditions, endoscopic performance, postoperative pathology and so on to analysis the risk factors for postoperative bleeding of ESD. Results: Among the 430 cases (449 lesions)of early gastrointestinal cancer undergoing ESD, 16 cases (3.7%) had postoperative bleeding. According to whether the occurrence of postoperative hemorrhage, patients were divided into bleeding group (n=16) and not bleeding group (n=433). Univariate analysis suggested that whether had hypertension was statistically significant between the two groups (χ²=4.793, P=0.029), while patients age (t=0.465, P=0.642), gender (χ²=0.035, P=0.642), whether to have diabetes (χ²=0.647, P=0.421), whether to have coronary heart disease (P=1.000), lesion size (t=1.598, P=0.111), whether two or more lesions (P=1.000), lesion site (χ²=6.183, P=0.289), operation time (t=1.335, P=0.201), pathological grading (χ²=0.687, P=0.709), and lesion infiltration depth (χ²=0.134, P=0.714) were not statistically significant between the two groups. Logistic regression analysis showed that hypertension (OR=3.358, 95%CI: 1.227-9.186, P=0.018) was an independent risk factor of bleeding after ESD for early gastrointestinal cancer. Conclusion Hypertension is closely related to postoperative bleeding following ESD for early gastrointestinal cancer.Patients with hypertension are at a greater risk of bleeding after ESD.