MicroRNAs as a novel class of endogenous gene regulators at post-transcription level have been found to play important roles in many biological processes including cellular differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis and regulation of development. The biological mechanisms of microRNAs involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases have been revealed gradually. This paper reviews the Current situation and progress on the microRNAs and their roles in vascular diseases.

It is helpful to improve continuing education of TCM through learning American CME. The author described the strength and characteristic of American CME from the organization structure, the project organizer, the Physician's credit system and the trend of CME programs in the future. Discuss how to improve continuing education of TCM from changing the idea of sponsor, diversifying the ways of training and to build effect of evaluation mechanism.

Objective To explore the in vitro antibacterial effect of tanreqing injection combined with cefuroxime sodium injection against staphylococcus aureus. Methods The MIC of tanreqing injection or cefuroxime sodium injection against staphylococcus aureus was detected by microamount dilution method.The antibacterial activity of tanreqing injection combined with cefuroxime sodium injection was determined by a chess board dilution method and assessed according to FIC index. Results The MIC of tanreqing injection and cefuroxime sodium injection against staphylococcus aureus was 1∶256 and 2 μg . mL-1 , respectively. While combined with each other, the MIC of tanreqing injection and cefuroxime sodium injection against staphylococcus aureus was 1∶4 096 and 0. 125 μg . mL-1 , respectively. The FIC index of tanreqing injection combined with cefuroxime sodium injection against staphylococcus aureus was 0. 125. Conclusion Tanreqing injection has a synergistic antibacterial effect against staphylococcus aureus when it was combined with cefuroxime sodium injection.

An improved everted gut sac method was applied to the study of prescription compatibility effect on the major components in Danshen extracts. With the separation and detection by HPLC-ECD, 5 major peaks could be detected in intestinal absorbed solution after prescription administration. Following the identification by HPLC-MS/MS, peak 2, 3, 4, and 5 were rosmaric acid, lithospermic acid, salvianolic acid B, and salvianolic acid A, respectively, which also confirmed with reference standards of those components. Through paralleling substance identification, peak 2, 3, 4, and 5 could be found as the major components in Danshen extracts, except Salvianolic acid E which is undetectable in intestinal solution. The contents of peak 2, 3, and 4 did not show difference before and after compatible prescription administrated, where the peak 5 had a significant increase in the same process. Those results revealed that peak 5, salvianolic acid A, might lead to an increasing pharmacological effect after prescription compatibility.

Objective To study the clinical efficacy of external fixator and combined screwing at iliac crests and pubic symphysis for the treatment of unstable pelvic fractures.Methods From January 2013 to February 2014,12 cases of unstable pelvic fracture were treated at our department.They were 8 men and 4 women,from 32 to 57 years of age (average,42.5 years).Seven cases were caused by a traffic accident,and 5 by falling from a height.By Tile classification,8 cases were type B (including type B1 in 3 cases,type B2 in 3 and type B3 in 2),and 4 cases type C1.Associated injury included shock in 7 cases,bladder injury in one,limb long bone fracture in 6,joint injury in 3,and thoracic and lumbar injury in 4.The interval from injury to operation averaged 4 days,ranging from 12 hours to 7 days.The type B fractures were treated with an external fixator and combined screwing at iliac crests and pubic symphysis while the type C1 fractures with internal fixation with percutaneous S1 sacroiliac screws in addition to what was used for the type B fractures.Results The 12 patients were followed up for 5 to 12 months(average,9 months).No one died in this group.The fractures healed after 8 to 13 weeks (average,11.3 weeks).All the patients recovered normal walking.Superficial infection at the pin hole occurred in 7 cases,but there was no deep infection.Screw loosening was observed in only one case,and no reduction loss,injury to nerves or urinary canal was observed.According to the Majeed criteria,the efficacy was evaluated as excellent in 10 cases,good in one,and moderate in one.Conclusion External fixator and combined screwing at iliac crests and pubic symphysis can restore the stability of anterior pelvic ring,leading to good clinical outcomes.

An LC-MS method was established for the identification of the related substances in rivaroxaban. HPLC separation was carried out on an Inert Sustain C18 column(250 mm×4. 6 mm, 5 μm)with linear gradient elution using a mobile phase consisting of 0. 2% formic acid acetonitrile and 0. 2% formic acid aqueous solution. Rivaroxaban and its related substances could be completely separated under the established HPLC conditions. The structures of the related substances were identified by electrospray positive ESI high resolution TOF/MS and MS/MS spectra determination and elucidation, and further verified through reference substances. Fifteen related substances were detected and identified to be three related substances of starting materials, four synthetic by-products and ten degradation products. The established method is useful for the identification of the related substances in rivaroxaban. The results obtained are valuable for its manufacturing control and quality assurance.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the econo mical efficiency of Recombinant human thrombopoietin injection （called “rhTPO”for short ）versus Etrapopa ethanolamine tablets （called“Etrapopa”for short ）in the second-line treatment of primary immune thrombocytopenia （ITP）in the Chinese adult patients. METHODS Based on the decision tree-embedded Markov model with a 4-week cycle ，the cost and utility related to bleeding events and adverse events after the use of the two drugs were measured and compared from the perspective of Chinese health system. The horizon was 12 weeks，and the cost and health outcome were not discounted. RESULTS Compared with Etrapopa ，rhTPO improved the quality adjusted life year by 0.002 5 and reduced the cost by 1 824.36 yuan，which was the absolute advantage scheme. Univariate sensitivity analysis showed that the base results were greatly affected by the dosage of rhTPO and Etrapopa during maintainance period. In most cases ，rhTPO was economical. Probability sensitivity analysis showed that when willingness-to-pay threshold varied between 0 yuan and 250 000 yuan，the probability about that rhTPO was economical ranges from 99.90％ to 100％. CONCLUSIONS Based on the available evidence ，rhTPO is more economical in the short term than Etrapopa in the second-line treatment of ITP.

Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) can cause various oral dysfunctions in patients and can turn into oral cancer. The causes and processes of OSF malignant transformation involve betel nut chewing, vascular atrophy, tissue hypoxia, cell cycle changes, aging, autophagy, and changes in cancer/cancer suppressor genes and microRNAs. It is of great significance to study the causes and process of OSF malignant transformation for the treatment and prevention of OSF malignant transformation.

Forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1) has been extensively studied as a tumor suppressor. In oral squamous cell carcinoma, studies have demonstrated that FOXO1 can inhibit tumor cell oxidative stress, stemness and epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and promote tumor cell autophagy and apoptosis. FOXO1 may serve as a potential target for the treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Objective To construct a telemedicine-based home care system of palliative care for end-of-life cancer patients,and to evaluate its application effect.Methods The construction of the system was based on the literature research,interview results of the patients and their caregivers,and expert group meeting discussions.From May to August 2023,a total of 88 patients,who were about to be discharged from the palliative care ward of a cancer hospital in Hunan Province,were selected as the study subjects using a convenient sampling method,and then they were divided into an experimental group and a control group according to the order of admission.The experimental group was given home care services based on the system,while the control group was given routine discharge guidance and follow-up visits.The duration of the intervention was 8 weeks.The Chinese version of the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale and the Chinese version of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 15 palliative were used to evaluate the symptom burden and quality of life between 2 groups before and after intervention;the Telemedicine Satisfaction Questionnaire was used to evaluate the care satisfaction of the experimental group.Results The system of patient side includes 8 main features,namely personal health record establishment,doctor-patient communication,palliative care knowledge library,medication assistance,smart reporting and monitoring,intelligent Q&A,intelligent follow-up,and intelligent forms.The healthcare professional side includes 7 main functions,namely workbench,case management,follow-up management,warning reminder,popularization push,statistical analysis and user management.A total of 67 patients completed the intervention,with 33 in the experimental group and 34 in the control group.The symptom burden of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group(P＜0.05);the quality of life in the experimental group was better than that in the control group(P＜0.05);the score of care satisfaction was(59.00±6.66),which indicated a high level of satisfaction.Conclusion The system can reduce the symptom burden and improve the quality of life of end-of-life cancer patients with good practicality