Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Disease Outbreaks ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Measles ; epidemiology ; Young Adult

Objective To discuss the anticancer role of arsenic trioxide (ATO) with cisplatin on human oral carcinoma HSQ-89 cells. Methods The human oral epidermoid HSQ-89 cells were chosen as the subjects. Different concentrations of ATO were added into Cisplatin(DDP)-treated cells. The inhibition rate of tumor cells was detected by MTT assay. Results Different concentrations of ATO (0,2.5,5,7.5,10,12.5 μmol/mL) were added into oral cancer HSQ-89 cells which have been treated with DDP (15 μg/mL). The inhibition rate of tumor cells were 26.9%, 67.5%, 73.0%, 88.5%, 90.4%, 98.7%respectively; The combined application of ATO with cisplatin could improve the inhibition rate of HSQ-89 cells in a dose-dependent relation. Conclusion The combined application of ATO and DDP can produce a synergistic action of inhibition on oral cancer cell.

Chickenpox ; prevention & control ; Chickenpox Vaccine ; therapeutic use ; Child ; China ; epidemiology ; Communicable Disease Control ; methods ; Disease Outbreaks ; prevention & control ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Schools ; Students

Adolescent ; Adult ; Antibodies, Viral ; blood ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Mumps ; epidemiology ; Rubella ; epidemiology ; Seroepidemiologic Studies ; Transients and Migrants ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the safty and proper concentration of using the sufentanil combined with ropivacaine in patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) under lower limb surgery in elderly. Methods Eighty patients scheduled for lower limb surgery were divided into 4 groups by random digits table with 20 cases in each. The concentration of the sufentanil were 0.1,0.2,0.3 and 0.4 μ g/ml in group A, B, C, D respectively. The concentration of the ropivacaine were 0.125% in each group for the PCEA.R-VAS, C-VAS , Bromage score, Ramsay score, press times ,dosage and side effects were monitored and recorded at 4,10,24 and 48 h after operation. Results Compared with those in group C, D, C-VAS,dosage of the analgesia,press times of PCEA were higher in group A,B (P＜0.01 or ＜ 0.05),the efficacy of press was lower in group A, B(P＜0.05), but there was no significant difference between group C and group D(P＞0.05 ).The Ramsay score 10,24 h after operation in group D[(4.5 ± 0.5 ), (4.6 ± 0.6) scores] was higher than that in group A,B,C [(2.7 ±0.8), (2.7 ±0.8) scores vs.(2.9 ± 0.9), (2.7 ± 0.9) scores vs. (3.0 ±0.7), (2.9 ±0.5) scores] (P ＜0.05). There were no case with hypotension and respiratory depression.Conclusion PCEA of four methods are safe and effective in elderly which 0.3 μ g/ml sufentanil combined with 0.125% ropivacaine have good analgesic effect and less side effect.

Objective To explore the influence of different blood gas strategies on cerebral protection and blood gas analysis during moderate hypothermic cardiopulmonar.Methods Patients under cardiac valve replacement with extracorporeal circulation (ECC) were performed in this study.The cerebral blood flow (CBF) and regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2) were monitored at 5 points:(1)Induction of anesthesia (T1),(2) after 10 min of the beginning of cardiopulmonary bypass (T2),(3) during the moderate hypothermic phase of CBP managed by the alpha-stat after calibrate blood gas 15 min (T3),(4) pH-stat followed,after calibrate blood gas 15 min (T4),and (5) 10 min after CBP (T5).pH and pCO2 in patients were recorded and analyzed at T3 and T4.Results The CBF of T2 and T3 was lower than that of T1,but the difference was not significant (t =2.841,2.711;P =0.062,0.080).The CBF of T4 and T5 was higher than that of T3,but the difference was not significant (t =1.793,2.135;P =0.119,0.066).The CBF of T5 resumed to before operation.The rSO2 of T2 and T3 was lower than that of T1,but the difference was not significant (t =1.821,2.032;P =0.132,0.267),the rSO2 ofT4 and T5 was higher than that ofT3,but the difference was not significant (t =1.879,2.021;P =0.312,0.075).The rSO2 of T5 resumed to before operation.However,the pH was much lower in pH-stat than alpha-stat (t =17.541,P =0.000) and the pCO2 was much higher than alpha-stat (t =13.914,P =0.000).Conclusions Both pH-stat and alpha-stat have cerebral protection effects.However,compared to pH-stat,alpha-stat could reduce the possibility of acidosis,and maintain the acid-base equilibrium.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the inflammatory cells in the mucosa at the medial aspect of the normal uncinate process compared with that on the protected lateral aspect of the normal uncinate process. METHOD: The mucosa of 20 uncinate process from the nasal cavity of 17 patients with no evidence of sinus disease undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery were recruited for the study. The material was stained with HE, Chromotrope 2R, Alcian blue-periodic acid-schiff, Toluidine blue. Specimens were observed using an Olympus microscope. RESULT: The number of mast cells and goblet cells were found to be higher on the lateral aspect of the normal uncinate process than on the medial aspect. The number of plasma cells was obviously different from that of lymphocytes. We did not found any eosinophils on either sides of uncinate process. CONCLUSION There are differences in the number of mast cells and goblet cells between the mucosa at the medial aspect of the normal uncinate process and the mucosa at the protected lateral aspect of the normal uncinate process.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Ethmoid Sinus ; pathology ; Female ; Goblet Cells ; cytology ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Mast Cells ; cytology ; pathology ; Middle Aged ; Nasal Mucosa ; pathology ; Paranasal Sinuses ; pathology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo introduce exponent curve model methods in the study of the hepatitis B vaccine antibody level.

METHODSAfter the China made vaccine of hepatitis B DNA recombinant yeast derived vaccine (YDV) had been carried out for 5 years, data on the anti-HBsAg's titer were used to construct an exponent curve model. When the vaccination program had been carried out for 8 years, the predicating results of the model were further tested by observed number.

RESULTSThe exponent curve model was Y = 165.67 exp (-0.019X) and the R(2) was 0.98. After 8 years, the practical observed number became 35 mIU/ml, and the predicating result of the model was 27 mIU/ml, 8 mIU/ml lower than the observed number. When the vaccine had been carried out for 12 years, the predicating results of the model became 10.74 mIU/ml, still higher than 10 mIU/ml but was still in the effective range.

CONCLUSIONAn exponent curve model could be constructed, as long as the data of the antibody's titer was in accordance with the tendency of exponent curve. The model could be used to predict the persistence lever of vaccine antibody under certain conditions. The results showed that after 8 years, the predicting results of the model were reliably lower than the observed number.

Follow-Up Studies ; Hepatitis B ; immunology ; prevention & control ; Hepatitis B Antibodies ; blood ; Hepatitis B Vaccines ; immunology ; Humans ; Models, Biological ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; genetics ; Vaccination ; Vaccines, DNA ; immunology ; Vaccines, Synthetic ; immunology

Objective To investigate the attitude of PhD nursing students towards clinical work. Methods A qualitative research was made to ten full-time PhD students in nursing from six universities in a semi-structured interview,with the data so acquired analyzed using Colaizzi phenomenological methedology. Results Four themes were extracted from the analysis.They are their evaluation on nursing career and clinical work;their role in clinical work;their concerns for engaging in clinical work;and their expectations for clinical work.Conclusions Some of the nursing PhD students intend to engage in clinical nursing work after graduation, yet not without concerns, namely decent positions and career development.In this consideration,nursing administrators should take into full account of the students′career expectations and value their important role in this field.In addition, a scientific hierarchical management system should be established,suitable positions should be set up, and new fields of clinical nursing practice explored, in order to fully leverage their talents and promote disciplinary progress to the field of nursing.

Objective To investigate the effect of autophagy response on neurological functions and the role of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) signaling pathway in rats after traumatic brain injury (TBI).Methods Fifty-four healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into sham-operated group,TBI group and TBI+autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) group (n=18).TBI animal models of the later two groups were established using Feeney's method.Rats in the sham-operated group were only performed bone window opening without knock;rats in the TBI+3-MA group were given intraperitoneal injection of 3-MA(5 mg/kg) 30 min after modeling and rats in the other two groups were given the same volume of normal saline.Three and 7 d after modeling,the protein levels of S100B and neuron specific enolase (NSE) in serum were tested with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA);modified neurologic severity scale (mNSS) was used to detect the movement,sense and reflex functions;brain water content was measured with wet-dry weight method.The autophagy related factors (LC3-Ⅱ and Beclin-1) and MAPKs signaling pathway related factors (c-Jun N-terminal kinase [JNK],phosphorylated [p]-JNK,extracellular signal-regulated kinase [ERK]1/2,p-ERK1/2,p38MAPK and p-p38MAPK) protein expressions in TBI cerebral cortex were determined by Western blotting.Results As compared with those in the sham-operated group,the brain edema level,mNSS scores,and S100B and NSE protein levels in the TBI group and TBI+3-MA group were significantly increased (P＜0.05);TBI+3-MA group had significantly lower brain edema level,mNSS scores,and S100B and NSE protein levels than TBI group (P＜0.05).The expression levels of autophagy and MAPKs signaling pathway related factors in the TBI group and TBI+3-MA group were significantly higher as compared with those in the sham-operated group (P＜0.05).As compared with the TBI group,TBI+3-MA group had significantly decreased levels of LC3-Ⅱ,Beclin-1 and activation of JNK and p-p38MAPK signaling pathways (P＜0.05).Conclusion Suppressing autophagy response markedly improves neurological outcomes after TBI,possibly mediated by inhibiting activation of JNK and p38MAPK signaling pathways.