Objective To understand the microcystin(MC-LR)pollution in drinking water in the city and countryside of Fuling District,Sichuan,China.Methods In 2004,285 water samples were collected from different types of water in Fuling district in different season and the concentration of LR(MC-LR),total phosphorus and total nitrogen in water were determined respectively.Results From July to November in 2004,no LR(MC-LR)was detected and the total phosphorus and total nitrogen did not exceed the national standard limits in the drinking water in the city,but in the secondary water supply in the city,the MC-LR was detected,the total phosphorus and total nitrogen exceed the standard limits.In the countryside,the MC-LR was detected,the total phosphorus and total nitrogen exceed the standard limits.Conclusion In the countryside of Fuling District,Sichuan,China,the drinking water,water source and tap water,was seriously contaminated by microcystin,the total phosphorus and total nitrogen exceed the national standard limits.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of arthroscopic treatment of tibial intercondylar eminence avulsion fracture in pediatric patients without epiphyseal interference.Methods From February 2010 to February 2014,18 children patients with avulsion fracture of tibial eminence were admitted.They were 12 boys and 6 girls,from 7 to 14 years of age (average,10.4 years).Four cases were complicated with meniscus injury and 2 with medial collateral ligament injury.The mean time from injury to surgery was 4.5 days (range,from 2 to 7 days).According to Meyers-McKeever classification,13 children were type Ⅱ and 5 type Ⅲ.They were treated with Ultrabraid sutures arthroscopically.After reposition,the bone fragments were fixated to the distal epiphysis of tibial tubercle through the inferior of transverse ligament of knee to avoid epiphyseal injury.Anterior drawer test,Lanchman test,pivot shift test and Lysholm knee scoring were conducted at all clinical follow-up visits to assess functional recovery.Results All children were followed up from 10 to 24 months (average,15 months).The X-ray examination demonstrated bone union in all cases.At the end of follow-up,all children achieved satisfactory recovery of range of motion without complications like joint stiffness,joint relaxation,dysfunction or epiphyseal injury.The anterior drawer test,Lanchman test and pivot shift test were all negative at the last follow-up.The mean Lysholm knee scores improved significantly from preoperative 45.6 ± 7.4 to 92.4 ± 5.8 at the final follow-up (t =-25.403,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Bone reposition under arthroscopy with suture fixation is reliable and minimally invasive in the treatment of avulsion fractures of tibial intercondylar eminence in pediatric patients.

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Objective To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and adverse reactions of raltitrexed plus oxaliplatin (RALOX project) and S1 in patients with advanced primary liver cancer.Methods Seventy-one patients with advanced primary liver cancer admitted to 6 cancer centers from July 2013 to July 2015 were divided into 2 groups according to the wishes of the patients and their families:RALOX group (34 patients) and S1 group (37 patients).The therapeutic efficacy such as objective remission rate (ORR),disease control rate (DCR),median overall survival (mOS),median progression free survival (mPFS),one year survival rate (SR),and adverse reactions in these patients were evaluated.Results Thirty-one patients could be evaluated in RALOX group,and 6 patients obtained partial response (PR),10 stable disease (SD) and 15 progressive disease (PD).Thirty-three patients could be evaluated in S1 group,and 3 patients obtained PR,8 patients SD and 22 PD.The ORR,DCR,and one year SR were 19.4％ vs.9.1％,51.6％ vs.33.3％,and 22.6％ vs.12.1％ respectively,and there were no statistically significant differences in the two groups (x2 =1.393,P =0.238;x2 =2.190,P =0.139;x2 =1.229,P =0.268).The mOS and mPFS were 7.2 months vs.6.1 months and 3.4 months vs.2.8 months,and there were statistically significant differences in the two groups (x2 =6.433,P =0.011;x2 =4.078,P =0.043).There was more serious peripheral nerve toxicity (29.0％ vs.3.0％,x2 =6.344,P =0.012) and lighter hand-foot syndrome (9.7％ vs.30.3％,x2 =4.201,P =0.040) in RALOX group than S1 group.But the incidences of other adverse effects were similar in the two groups.Condnsion RALOX project is safe and effective to the patients with advanced primary liver cancer.Compare with S1 project,RALOX project has better curative effects and the majority of adverse reactions are tolerable.The patients have good condition control and survival benefit.