Objective To investigate and analyze the status quo of professional identity of nursing students with different educational backgrounds.Methods With stratified-cluster random sampling,635 students were surveyed using the nursing students' professional identity questionnaire.Results The total score of professional identity of junior college nursing students was significantly higher than that of undergraduate students.Junior college nursing students had a higher score in professional knowledge dimension than undergraduate and graduate students,while the score of nursing undergraduate students was higher than that of graduate students.Junior college nursing students had a higher score in professional will dimension than undergraduate and graduate students.Nursing graduate students had a higher score in professional expectation dimension than junior college and undergraduate students,while the score of undergraduate students was higher than that of junior college students.Whatever the educational background,professional skill and professional expectation were the top two dimensions,while professional knowledge and professional emotion were the last two dimensions.The difference was statistically significant between the answers of nursing students with different educational backgrounds to the following questions,such as which is the most probable factor affecting your learning enthusiasm,who has the greatest impact on your professional thought about nursing and which nursing field are you most willing to go in for.There was significant difference in professional identity score between different grades of junior college and undergraduate nursing students,while there is no significant grade difference in graduate students.Conclusions There were some differences of professional identity of nursing students with different educational backgrounds.Nursing educators should carry out the professional education according to the student's educational backgrounds.

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of hook plate and fascia lata graft in management of chronic acromioclavicular joint dislocation.Methods From May 2012 to March 2014,a total of 16 cases of chronic acromioclavicular joint dislocation (Rockwood type Ⅲ) were treated with hook plate and fascia lata graft.They were 10 men and 6 women,from 19 to 57 years of age (mean,34.7 years).Seven cases were at the left side and 9 at the right side.All injuries resulted from direct violence.The time from injury to surgery ranged from 8 to 54 weeks (mean,12.4 weeks).At the final follow-ups,the shoulder function was assessed using the Quick Version of the Disabilities of the Arm,Shoulder and Hand Score (DASH) and visual analogue scale (VAS),and the efficacy using Karlsson's evaluation system.Results All surgical wounds primarily healed.The dislocation of acromioclavicular joint was corrected,without any vascular or neural damage.The patients were followed up for an average of 12 months (from 6 to 18 months).No plate breakage,screw loosening or redislocation was observed.The DASH and VAS scores of the shoulder at the final follow-ups (25.42 ± 8.34 and 2.22 ± 1.70,respectively) were significantly improved,compared with the preoperative ones (43.72 ± 12.35 and 6.33 ± 1.37,respectively) (P ＜ 0.05).According to the Karlsson's criteria,10 cases were excellent,4 good and 2 moderate.Conclusion In management of Rockwood type Ⅲ chronic acromioclavicular joint dislocation,hook plate and fascia lata graft can restore dynamic balance and stability of the acromioclavicular joint,resulting in solid fixation,early joint motion and limited complications.

Objective To observe the effects of treadmill training on hindlimb motor recovery and noradrenaline (NA) fibers in rats with spinal cord contusion.MethodsSpinal cord contusions at the T10 level were induced in 3-month old female SD rats by dropping a 10 g rod from a height of 25 mm.The injured rats were then randomly divided into a control group and a treadmill training group ( n =15 in each group).Treadmill training began 1 week post-injury.No treatment was administered to the control group rats.Hindlimb motor function was evaluated weekly from the 1 st to the 9th week post-injury using Basso Beattie Bresnahan (BBB) scores and average combined scores (ACOs).The expression of dopamine beta hydroxylase (DBH) in the spinal cord caudal to the injured area was detected by immunohistochemical staining.ResultsThe treadmill training group exhibited significantly greater improvement in BBB scores from the 3rd week to the 7th week and in ACOs from the 2nd to the 9th week post-injury compared with the control group.The number of DBH positive fibers in the injured spinal cords and the number of DBH positive neurons in the injured frontal horns were also significantly higher in the training group.ConclusionsTreadmill training can promote the recovery of hindlimb motor function in rats after spinal cord contusion,perhaps by increasing the number of DBH positive fibers and DBH positive neurons.

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of secondary unreamed intramedullary nailing following primary external fixation for open tibial shaft fractures.Methods From March 2011 to June 2014,we treated 28 open tibial shaft fractures.They were 17 men and 11 women,aged from 21 to 62 years (average,38.2 years).After thorough debridement,the tibia was stabilized temporarily with external fixation.The wounds were handled with primary closure or secondary repair with skin grafts or tissue flaps.After the wounds healed,the external fixation was replaced by unreamed intramedullary nailing.Fracture union and complications were documented.The clinical efficacy was evaluated at the final follow-ups according to the Johner-Wruhs scoring system.Results All the 28 patients were followed up for 12 to 18 months (average,13.5 months).Bony union was achieved in all after 4 to 15 months (average,4.9 months).Delayed union was observed in 4 cases which were healed after dynamic fixation.There was no deep infection,nail breakage,malunion or limb shortening in any one.Mild knee pain was reported by 5 cases after surgery.According to the Johner-Wruhs criteria,18 cases were excellent,7 good,and 3 moderate,giving an excellent to good rate of 89.3％.Conclusion Primary external fixation and secondary unreamed intramedullary nailing can result in good fracture union with satisfactory biomechanical stability and favorable early rehabilitation in the treatmeut of open tibial shaft fractures.

Objective T o investigate the expression of hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channel 4 (H C N 4) and connexin43 (C x43) in the sinoatrial node of electric shock death. Meth-ods As experim ental group, 34 cases of electric shock death who had definite current m ark evidence were selected from pathology departm ent of X uzhou M edical C ollege from 2010 to 2013. As the control group, 20 cases of fatal severe craniocerebral injury in traffic accidents were chosen. T he expressions of H C N 4 and C x43 in the sinoatrial node were observed by im m unohistochem ical technology. Results H C N 4 positive cells expressed in the cell m em brane and cytoplasm of the sinoatrial node. C x43 positive cells expressed in the cell m em brane and cytoplasm of T cells and m yocardial cells. T he expression of H C N 4 was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05) and the expression of C x43 was signifi-cantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion T he changes of H C N 4 and C x43 ex-pressions in the sinoatrial node illustrate electric shock death m ight be related to the abnorm alities of cardiac electrophysiology and conduction.

Objective:To explore the semantic priming processing characteristics of children with Chinese developmental dyslexia(DD).Methods:According to scores of the dyslexia checklist for Chinese children, character recognition test and Raven's standard progressive matrices (RSPM), 19 primary school students from a school in Wuqia County of Xinjiang were selected as DD group.Meanwhile, 19 children were selected as chronological-age control(CA) group matching in age and RSPM scores, and 20 children were selected as reading-level control(RL) group according to the character recognition test and RSPM scores.The amplitude of N400 of children in three groups were tested by semantic priming paradigm under the conditions of semantic related, unrelated and pseudo words.Results:The accuracy of the DD group under the conditions of irrelevant semantics((0.55±0.25) vs (0.81±0.16), P<0.05), and pseudo characters((0.43±0.27) vs (0.68±0.26), P<0.05) were significantly lower than those of CA group.There was no difference between DD group and RL group, as well as between RL group and CA group(both P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the response time among the three groups of children under semantic related and unrelated conditions( F=1.23, 2.03, both P>0.05). In terms of ERP data, in semantic related condition, there was no significant difference in N400 amplitude among the three groups ( F=0.55, P>0.05). In semantic unrelated condition, the amplitude of N400 in DD group was smaller than that in CA Group((-5.92±3.70)μV vs (-9.76±3.45)μV, P<0.05), and there was no statistically significant difference between DD group and RL Group((-5.92±3.70)μV vs (-7.41±4.02)μV, P>0.05), as well as between CA gorup and RL group.As to pseudo words condition, children in DD group had a lower amplitude of N400 than those in CA and RL groups ((-6.03±2.92)μV vs (-9.98±3.40)μV, (-8.91±3.40)μV, both P<0.05). While no significant differences were found between CA group and RL group. Conclusion:Children with Chinese DD have cognitive defects in semantic and orthographic processing.The semantic cognitive defects may caused by their low reading level, rather than their inherent defect, while the defect in orthographic processing may be their inherent defect.

Objective: To investigate the inhibitory effect of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on human osteoscarcoma cell line 143B, and its possible molecular mechanism. Methods: Human osteoscarcoma 143B cells were treated with 0-50 μmol/L EGCG. Then the proliferation, apoptosis and migration of143B cells were measured by crystal violet staining, hoechst staining, cell wound-healing and Transwell chamber assays, respectively. The expression levels of apoptosis-and migrationrelated proteins were detected by Western blotting. The activity of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was detected by luciferase reporter assay. Furthermore, the protein expression levels of β-catenin and its downstream target molecules c-Myc and cyclin D1 were detected by Western blotting. Results: After treatment with EGCG at highly concentration, the proliferation and migration of 143B cells were significantly inhibited (both P < 0.05), but the proportion of apoptotic cells was markedly increased (P < 0.05). Compared with the EGCG-untreated group, EGCG up-regulated the expressions of caspase-3 and its cleaved protein (both P < 0.05), and down-regulated the expressions of Bcl-2, matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), β-catenin, c-Myc and cyclin D1 proteins (all P < 0.05). In addition, the luciferase activity reflecting Wnt/ β-catenin signaling pathway activity in EGCG-Treated group was significantly lower than that in EGCG-untreated group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: EGCG can inhibit the proliferation and migration of osteoscarcoma 143B cells, and promote apoptosis, which may be related to the blocking of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Objective:To investigate the traditional Chinese medical (TCM) constitution status of young and middle-aged residents and to analyze related influencing factors.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted to obtain data of 1 082 young and middle-aged residents in China from April to May 2019. The general characteristic, habits, emotional status and TCM constitution types of young and middle-aged residents were been collected.Results:The number of normal constitution types was 415(38.35%, 415/1 082), and the number of biased constitution types was 667(61.65%, 667/1 082) which was dominated by qi-deficiency constitution (16.70%, 344/2 060), yang-deficiency constitution (16.17%, 333/2 060) and damp-heat constitution (15.97%, 329/2 060). The Logistic regression analysis showed that the dietary regularity, taking vigorous exercise and taking moderate exercise were the protective factors of the biased constitution types of young and middle-aged residents( OR values were 0.624, 0.704, 0.704, all P<0.05), while the female, meat-based diet, anxiety and depression were the risk factors of the biased constitution types of young and middle-aged residents( OR values were 2.009-2.568, all P<0.01). Conclusions:The biased constitution is common among young and middle-aged residents. The risk factors of biased constitution are unhealthy lifestyle, anxiety and depression,which suggest the community to develop actively interventions to adjust the lifestyle and strengthen the maintenance of mental health of young and middle-aged residents.

Objective:To explore the developmental characteristics of Chinese semantic and orthographic processing in normal school-age children by event-related potential (ERP) technique.Methods:Children aged 7-11 in an ordinary primary school in Changzhou were randomly selected and divided into 7-year old group ( n=21 ), 8-year old group ( n=21), 9-year old group ( n=19), 10-year old group ( n=20) and 11- year old group ( n=22) according to their age.ERP was recorded while subjects completed the Chinese character semantic activation task and pseudo word judgment task. Then the N400 and P200 amplitudes of school-age children under the conditions of semantic correlation, semantic uncorrelation and pseudo word judgment were collected, and the data were analyzed by three factors mixed design ANOVA.Data of behavioral accuracy and response time were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni correction was used for multiple hypothesis testing. The statistical software was SPSS 25.0. Results:(1)Behavioral results: the accuracy of semantic related and semantic unrelated tasks of children in the five groups aged 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11 were statistically significant ( F=15.55, 4.01, both P<0.01), and the accuracy of children in the 7-year old group was significantly lower than those in the other four groups (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the accuracy of pseudo word judgment task among the five groups ( F=0.68, P=0.609). The response time of children in the five groups under semantic related and semantic unrelated tasks was significantly different ( F=3.90, 3.13, both P<0.05). The response time of the 11-year old group under semantic related tasks was significantly shorter than those of the 7-, 8- and 9-year old groups (all P<0.05). The response time of the 7-year old and 11-year old groups under semantic unrelated tasks was significantly shorter than those of the 8-, 9- and 10-year old groups (all P<0.05). (2)ERP results: N400 amplitudes of 7-, 8-, 9-, 10- and 11-year old children under semantic related tasks were significantly smaller than those under semantic unrelated tasks and pseudo word judgment tasks (all P<0.05). The N400 amplitude of the subjects gradually decreased with the increase of age, except that there was no statistical difference between the 10-year old and 11-year old groups under the semantic related task, between the 8-year old and 9-year old groups under the semantic unrelated task and the pseudo word judgment task, and between the 10-year old and 11-year old groups (all P>0.05), there were statistical differences between the other age groups (all P<0.05). P200 amplitude of semantic related task at 7-, 8-, 9- and 10-year old was significantly higher than that at semantic unrelated task (all P<0.05), and the amplitude of semantic related task at 7-, 8-, 10- and 11-year old was significantly higher than that at pseudo word judgment (all P<0.05). The amplitude of P200 gradually increased with age, and there were significant differences in pairwise comparison among other age groups ( P<0.05), except semantic related task and unrelated task among 7-, 8- and 9-year old groups, between 10- and 11-year old groups, and pseudo word task between 7- and 8- years old groups, 10- and 11- year old groups (all P>0.05). Conclusion:The semantic processing and orthographic processing of school-age children develop with age in a unique way. The age of 7 is an important period for cognitive development of Chinese language.The age of 8-9 may be a sensitive period for the development of brain plasticity, and the development slows down at the age of 10-11.

Objective:To explore the developmental characteristics of event-related potential(ERP) in cognitive function of recognition memory in children aged 6-12.Methods:A total of 130 normal children were divided into seven age groups (6 ( n=20), 7 ( n=17), 8 ( n=23), 9 ( n=24), 10 ( n=19), 11 ( n=15), and 12 years old ( n=12)) to perform a picture study-recognition task and record the reaction time, accuracy, and ERP components of all participants. SPSS 22.0 software was used for data analysis. Single factor analysis of variance and trend of variance were used to compare the response time and accuracy of 7 groups of children during the recognition stage. Pearson correlation analysis was used to study the correlation between the amplitude of the central midline N2 component and age. Paired t-test was used to examine the old/new effects of the amplitude of midfrontal N2 and midparietal P3 waves. Results:(1) The differences of recognition ability ( F(6, 123)=2.476, P<0.05), old picture reaction time ( F(6, 123)=6.461, P<0.001), and new picture reaction time ( F(6, 123)=4.163, P<0.001) among 7 age groups of children were statistically significant. Recognition ability of children aged 6 (0.61±0.24) was lower than those of 8-12 years old children((0.76±0.27), (0.76±0.10), (0.73±0.11), (0.75±0.10), (0.70±0.17) respectively)(all P<0.05). The reaction time of the old picture showed no difference among the children aged 6-9 (all P>0.05), and the reaction time of old picture of children aged 12 was shorter than those of 6-10 years old children (all P<0.01). There was no significant difference in the reaction time of new pictures among the children aged 6-10 (all P>0.05), and which in children aged 12 was shorter than those in 6-10 years old children(all P<0.01). (2) Age was positively correlated with the amplitude of the N2 component in the central region under the new ( r=0.488, P<0.001) and old picture( r=0.452, P<0.001) conditions. (3)At 6 years old, children showed old/new effects on the mid-frontal electrodes. At 7 years old, there were no old/new effects in either the mid-frontal or mid-parietal regions. From 8 to 9 years old, old/new effects appeared in the mid-parietal lobe. At 10 years old, old/new effects were present in both the mid-frontal and mid-parietal regions. At 11 years old, the mid-parietal lobe showed old/new effects. Finally, at 12 years old, negative old/new effects could be observed in both the mid-frontal and mid-parietal regions. Conclusion:There are three periods of changes in the behavior of picture recognition memory in school-age children. At ages 6-7, the accuracy rate is relatively low; at ages 8-9, it improves; and between ages 10-12, the accuracy rate stabilizes while also enabling faster judgments.Children's recognition memory retrieval process is more complex than their behavioral performance. Children have different tendencies toward strategies, but strategic transitions in recognition processing are not always beneficial for performance.