The iridoid glycosides from Veronica anagallis-aquatica L. alleviate heart failure by modulating the gut microbiota and influencing the production of two metabolites with potential antihypertrophic effects, HVA and 2OH-VA.Image 1.

Objective To determine whether Tanshinone ⅡA(Tan ⅡA)has an effect on angiotensin Ⅱ(Ang Ⅱ)-induced prolifera-tion and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMCs),phenotypic switching,or autophagy.Methods In this study,murine aortic smooth muscle cell lines were treated with Ang Ⅱ to establish a model of cell proliferation.Different concentrations of Tan ⅡA were added and effects on cell proliferation and migration were determined by cell counting using a CCK-8 assay and a cell scratch assay,respectively.Alpha-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA),a marker of contractile VSMCs,was detected by Western blotting.Expression levels of osteopontin(OPN)and the autophagy-related proteins(p62,Beclin-1,LC3A/B)were assayed to determine the effect of Tan ⅡA on VSMC phenotypic transformation and autophagy.Cells were treated with the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine(3-MA),combined with Tan ⅡA,and then cell proliferation,migration and expression levels of phenotypic markers and autophagy-related proteins were assessed.Results After Ang Ⅱ treatment,the proliferation and migratory capacity of VSMCs was significantly enhanced,and phenotypic transformation was sig-nificantly inhibited by Ang Ⅱ.Western blotting revealed that Ang Ⅱ reduced the expression of α-SMA,increased the expression of OPN,p62,Beclin-1,and LC3A/B,and that these effects increased with higher Tan ⅡA concentrations.After the addition of 3-MA to the treated cells,the proliferation and migration of VSMCs induced by Ang Ⅱ was inhibited,the expression of α-SMA was increased,and the expres-sion of OPN,p62,Beclin-1,and LC3A/B was decreased,which was consistent with the effect of Tan ⅡA.Conclusion Tan ⅡA may have inhibitory effects on phenotypic transformation,proliferation,migration,and autophagy of Ang Ⅱ-treated VSMC,suggesting that the inhi-bition of the proliferation and migration may be regulated by autophagy.

OBJECTIVE:To realize the current situation of patient's compliance with medication in Tibetan and to evaluate the methods of increasing patient's compliance METHODS:Questionnaire inquisition was adopted in 188 Tibetan patients to investigate the type of diseases,situation of medication and condition of compliance RESULTS:The compliance with medication was related with the type of diseases,patient's educational background and knowledge about diseases It was a good way to raise the patient's compliance that the patient's recognition of diseases and pharmacotherapy should be improved and communication between doctor and patient and guidance on drug use should be enhanced CONCLUSION:Aiming at patients in different ages,the subject matter of medication consultation service should not be the same