Objective To detect the different expressions of Drosha between endometrial cancer (EC) tissue and other tissues and to explore correlation between Drosha mRNA transcription level and protein expression level with clinicopatho?logical characteristics of EC. Methods The mRNA transcription and protein expression levels of Drosha were examinaned by q-PCR and Western blot respectively in normal endometrial tissues (25 cases), atypical hyperplasia of endometrial tis?sues (20 cases) and endometrial cancer tissues (40 cases). Correlations between Drosha mRNA transcription and protein ex?pression with clinicopathological characteristics of EC were analyzed. Results The levels of Drosha mRNA and protein lev?els in EC were obviously lower than those in endometrial atypical hyperplasia and normal endometrium (P<0.05). But there is no significant difference of Drosha expression between endometrial atypical hyperplasia and normal endometrium tissues (P>0.05). The protein expression levels of Drosha were consistent with transcription of mRNA transcription levels. Drosha mRNA expression does not differ significantly with differentiation, histological type, myometrial invasion, lymphatic metasta?sis and FIGO stages of EC (P>0.05). Conclusion The expression levels of Drosha in EC tissues were down-regulated, therefore the reduction of Drosha may contributed to tumorigenesis of EC.