Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IR) refers to the ischemic tissues or organs to regain perfusion on tissue and organ damage.The reactive oxygen species(ROS)generated by the mitochondrial and the change of the mitochondrial permeability can be induced mitophagy.And dysfunction of the mitophagy is closely related to the body a variety of disease.This article aims to introduce the research of progress about mitophagy in recent years,especially the role it play in the ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Objective To explore the protective effect of astilbin in hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (HIRI).Methods SD rats were divided into Sham group (control group),HIRI group (ischemia-reperfusion group),astilbe (low dose group,middle dose group,high dose group),and estabilished the model of rat HIRI.After liver were reperfused with blood (in 4 h,8 h,16 h),collecting the specimens of blood and liver tissues.Detection of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT),aspertate aminotransferase (AST);Then observed the changes of liver cell microstructure;Western blot analysised the expression of HMGB1,TLR4,NF-kB,TNF-α in liver tissue.Results The serum ALT levels of Sham group in 4 h,8 h,16 h were (58.11 ±4.81) U/L,(57.12 ± 5.33) U/L,(57.63 ±4.54) U/L,the serum ALT levels of HIRI group in 4 h,8 h,16 h were (540.38 ± 21.41) U/L,(831.21 ± 20.11) U/L,(191.95 ± 15.35) U/L.Compared with Sham group,the serum ALT levels of HIRI group were significantly increased(P ＜ 0.01).Compared with HIRI group,The serum ALT levels of three dose groups in 4 h,8 h,16 h were significantly declined,including high dose group lower the most obvious (The serum ALT levels of high dose group in 4 h,8 h,16 h were (223.75 ± 10.53) U/L,(412.14 ±23.59) U/L,(205.25 ± 15.48) U/L (P ＜0.01).The results of light microscope indicated that drug groups significantly reduce the liver cell damage.The results of Western blot displayed that High dose group of HMGB1,TLR4 protein expression in 4 h,8 h,16 h drop significantly than HIRI group(P ＜0.05).High dose group of NFkB,TNF-α protein expression in postoperative 8 h,16 h decrease significantly than HIRI group (P ＜ 0.05),but in postoperative 8 h,there was no statistically significant difference compared with group HIRI (P＞0.05).Conclusion Astilbe pretreatment can reduce HIRI and its mechanism may be associated with downregulating the axis of HMGB1/TLR4/NF-kB/TNF-α,proceed to the next inhibiting the inflammatory response.

Objective To improve the tri-primer allele gene amplification for realizing the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) genotyping of the peripheral blood sample .Methods Aiming at the peripheral blood samples with the clinical usual antico-agulation processing by EDTA ,heparin and citrate ,with the locus rs1165205 as the target site ,the buffer solution(YW) suitable for whole blood was prepared and the PCR amplification system and the amplification condition were optimized for realizing the detec-tion of SNP genotyping .Results The genotyping results of locus rs1165205 by improved tri-primer allele gene amplification method were consistent with the results of the Sanger sequencing method ,and the peripheral blood samples treated by different anticoagu-lant were genotyped by the improved tri-primer ASA .Among 80 samples ,various genotypes of locus rs1165205 had no statistical differences in the distribution between the gout population and non-gout population(P= 0 .335) .Conclusion The improved tri-primer allele gene amplification method can be adopted to conduct the rapid genotyping research on gout SNP locus of the peripheral blood samples with the clinical usual anticoagulation processing .

Objective To observe the role of lycopene played in the liver ischemia reperfusion injury,and its effort on autophagy.Methods Eighty SPF male SD rats(Animal Laboratory of the Yang Zhou University) were divided into 4 groups by random number table.Sham-operated group:after anesthesia,just opened the abdominal cavity.Treatment group:after molding,lycopene (10 mg/kg) was dissolved in medicinal corn oil (2 ml/kg) and intraperitoneal injection was performed.The lycopene was injected 60 minutes before surgery.Control group:after molding,intraperitoneal injection of equal volume of normal saline was given.Inhibiting group:lycopene (10 mg/kg) + 3-ma (15 mg/kg) were injected into the abdominal cavity after injection.20 rats in each group.The determination of sample collection and observation of indicators at 1 h,6 h,12 h,24 h after ischemia reperfusion.The serum ALT and AST levels were checked.The mRNA expression of TNF-α and IL-6 was measured by real-time PCR and the expression of Beclin-1,was detected by western blotting.Hematoxylin and Eeosin staining was used to evaluate the pathological change of liver tissues.The measurement data were expressed as (Mean ± SD),comparisons between the two groups were analyzed by independent sample t test,and comparisons among groups were analyzed by One-way anova and Newman-keuls method.Results The serum ALT levels of Sham-operated group in 1 h,6 h,12 h,24 h were (39.81 ±13.54),(39.65 ±14.24),(39.61 ±13.68),(38.72± 12.85) U/L,the serum ALT levels of liver ischemia-reperfusion control group in 1 h,6 h,12 h,24 h were (128.43 ± 33.49),(637.26 ± 89.53),(289.76 ± 43.59),(124.26 ± 35.32) U/L.Compared with Shamoperated group,the serum ALT levels of liver ischemia-reperfusion control group were significantly increased (P ＜ 0.05).The serum ALT levels of treatment group in 1 h,6 h,12 h,24 h were (73.26 ± 23.24),(419.27 ± 56.49),(196.23 ± 26.23),79.76 ± 20.43) U/L.Compared with liver ischemia-reperfusion control group,the serum ALT levels of treatment group were significantly declined (P ＜ 0.05).The serum ALT levels of inhibiting group in 1 h,6 h,12 h,24 h were (142.59 ±42.86),(592.45 ±48.36),(268.23 ±42.36),(131.23 ± 24.36) U/L.Compared with treatment group,the serum ALT levels of treatment group were significantly increased (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with liver ischemia-reperfusion control group,the serum AST levels and the expression of inflammatory factor TNF alpha and IL-6 of treatment group were significantly declined(P ＜ 0.05).The results of light microscope indicated that treatment groups significantly reduce the liver cell damage compared with liver ischemia-reperfusion control group.The lycopene could promote the autophagy of mice which related to protein of Beclin-1.Drugs of 3-ma which inhibit autophagy,reduces the expression of Beclin-1.Conclusion Lycopene preconditioning can protect liver from ischemia reperfusion injury by promoting autophagy in liver cells.