Animals ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; genetics ; virology ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; complications ; Hepatitis C, Chronic ; complications ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; genetics ; virology ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; genetics ; Point Mutation ; Telomerase ; metabolism

OBJECTIVBE To investigate the intervention of compound Astragalus and Salvia milt-iorrhiza extract (CASE) consisted of astragalosides, astragalus polysaccharides and salvianolic acids on the interaction of microRNA-145/microRNA-21 (miR-145/miR-21) and Smad3C/3L phosphorylation (pSmad3C/pSmad3L) down-stream of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression by in vitro and in vivo experi-ments. METHODS In HepG2 cells and xenografts of nude mice, antagomir/agomir and plasmids of Smad3C/3L phosphorylation site mutation (Smad3 3S-A/Smad3 EPSM) were used to intervene miR-145/miR-21 and pSmad3C/pSmad3L expression respectively,then incorporative CASE treatment. Cell proliferation, migration, apoptosis, tumor growth and histopathologic characteristics of xenografts, relevant proteins of TGF-β/Smad pathway and miR-145/miR-21 were evaluated.RESULTS CASE up-regulated miR-145 while down-regulated miR-21, inhibited cell proliferation,migration and tumor growth, accelerated cell apoptosis in HepG2 cells respectively transfected with Smad3 WT, Smad3 EPSM,Smad3 3S-A plasmids in cultured dishes and xenografts of nude mice,the above effects were more evident in HepG2 cells with increased pSmad3C.In TGF-β1-stimulated HepG2 cells and xenografts of nude mice, CASE antagonized the facilitating effects of miR-145 antagomir/miR-21 agomir on cell migration,proliferation,tumor growth and inhibiting effects of miR-145 antagomir/miR-21 agomir on cell apoptosis; CASE increased miR-145 down-regulated by miR-145 antagomir and decreased miR-21 up-regulated by miR-21 agomir,reduced protein level of pSmad3L and their proteins including TβRⅡ, pERK1/2, pJNK1/2 and pp38 while elevated pSmad3C expression. CONCLUSION These results suggest that pSmad3C/pSmad3L maybe interact with miR-145/miR-21 in HCC progression,which may be one of important molecular mechanisms of CASE's anti-HCC effects.

Objective To evaluate the role of autophagy on acute kidney injury after liver transplantation.Method Fifty-six healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into 4 groups:sham group,orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) group,sirolimus pretreated (SRL) group and 3-methyladenine pretreated(3-MA) group.OLT model was established.Then the rats were sacrificed at 6 h after reperfusion.The renal function and the extent of oxidative stress relative proteins malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were observed.The levels of apoptosis relative genes caspase-3 and cyt c and the expression of autophagy relative proteins were detected.The pathological changes were microscopically examined in renal tissues.TUNEL staining was used to observe the apoptosis of tubular epithelial cells.Transmission electron microscopy was applied to observe the ultrastructure changes of tubular epithelial cells.Result As compared with sham group,OLT and 3-MA groups showed a serious renal injury including cellular vacuolization,loss of brush borders,and a significant rise in BUN,Cr and MDA,while a decrease in SOD activity.The levels of caspase-3 mRNA and cyt c rnRNA were increased significantly.Whereas compared to OLT and 3-MA groups,renal function and oxidative stress levels in SRL group ameliorated,and histopathologic damage and apoptosis alleviated after OLT.Simultaneously,the levels of caspase-3 mRNA and cyt c mRNA were decreased.The expression of beclin-1 and LC3-]Ⅱ was effectively upregulated.Conclusion Autophagy could alleviate acute kidney injury after liver transplantation through inhibiting oxidative stress and apoptosis.

Objective There are three categories of bioaerosol laser telemetry systems according to the light source configuration parameters:namely traditional lidar(light datection and ranging,laser radar), micro-pulse lidar and pseudo-random modulation(lidar).The system source parameters,which impact the degree of danger and detection sensitivity of the system, need to be optimized.Methods With reference to the USA laser product safety standards and by establishing the corresponding mathematical model of a lidar, the three categories of lidar source configuration were compared according to signal to noise ratio(SNR) and security before the repetition rate, pulse energy, divergence angle, distance and other dangerous impact factors were calculated.Results The results showed that to ensure eyesafety, the use of the pulse frequency should be set at 55 kHz for the highest SNR under the micro-pulse lidar excitation mode.Conclusion The eyesafety requirements impact the excitation of light source of a bioaerosol telemetry system.

Metabolic deregulation is a major essential feature in the development of cancer,wbich also correlates with invasion and metastasis of tumor.Metabolic characteristic of tumor cells which deviate significantly from those of normal cells.In this review,we summarize the research about the relationship between cellular metabolic abnormalities and capability of tumor's invasion and metastasis.

Objective Surgical treatment of lung cancer needs to follow strict quality control standard for the aims of accuracy of pathological staging and potentially improved prognosis.However,there are short of studies related to surgical quality analysis.Methods One hundred and twelve patients were enlisted with the diagnosis of lung cancer and received surgical intervention in 2007.Surgical quality of these cases were retrospectively analyzed in compliance with three international standards,National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN),American College of Surgeons’ Oncology Group (ACOSOG),and International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC).Results No surgical death was reported in this group.According to NCCN,ACOSOG and IASLC standards,qualified operations were 82 cases (80.4％),73 cases (71.6％),45 cases (44.1％) in 102 cases with R0 resection,respectively.The median total lymph nodes,median mediastinal nodes,and N1 nodes were 27 (range 0-63),16.5 (range 0-43),and 10.5 (range 0-26),respectively.The median mediastinal node stations resected were 4 (range 0-6).In the mediastinum,stations of 4R,5,6 and 7 presented the highest frequency of receiving lymph node dissection.For N1 stations,10 and 12 were among the top list.For the whole group,1-year survival,3-year survival and 4-year survival were 92％ (95％ CI,89-95),67％ (95％ CI,62-72),57％ (95％ CI,52-62),respectively.Conclusion Quality control is the essential part of surgical treatment of lung cancer,which will facilitate the baseline standardization of clinical research.Since IASLC provides the strictest standard for lung cancer surgery,we suggest that all thoracic surgeons need to follow this standard to secure the accuracy of pathological diagnosis and for a potential better prognosis.

Objective To evaluate if the flexible ureteroscopy could treat stones located in lower calyx with the infundibulopelvic angle (IPA) less than 30°.Methods Thirty-six patients with inferior caliceal calculi on whom flexible ureteroscopic procedures were performed between November 2009 and June 2015 were reviewed.The mean age of the patients was 52.1 years (34-71),with the mean stone diameter of (1.5 ± 0.8) cm (1.2-2.6 cm).IPA was smaller than 30° in all 36 cases,which confirmed by CTU examination.IPA was less than 10° in 15 patients,between 11 ° and 20° in 13 patients and between 21 ° and 30° in 8 patients.Results The success rate was 63.9％ (23/36 patients) in patients with IPA smaller than 30° after first session of procedure,and the stone free rate reached 100％ after the second session of procedure.The mean operation duration was (95.5 ± 31.4) min(51-127 min).The mean hospital stay after operation was(4.1 ± 1.2)days (3-5 days).No major complications were recorded and no patients needed to convert to open surgery.Double J tube was removed after 4 weeks postoperatively.Patients were followed up for 4-12 months,during which ultrasound and CT scan were used for stone detection.Conclusions The small IPA (＜30°) negatively affected the SFR in the first session operation.However,its negative effect was solvable by using modern endoscopes.A complete stone clearance was achievable even in case of unfavorable anatomic conditions in experienced hand.

A new method to revel RFLPs is presented. The human genomic DNAwas purified by saturatedNaCl solution and the pAW101 probe labelled with digoxigenin-dUTP. The relationships of RFLPsand genetic patterns of PGM1 (phosphoglucomutase),EsD (esterase D),GLO1 (glyoxalase)and ACP(acid phosphatase ) between the fillal generation and parental generation were detected in 15 families(among them 11 cases were aborted fetuses). The probability of paternity (w)was caculated accor-ding to Essen - Moller's formula, each w vlua was over 99. 73 %, reached the standard of incladingpaternity. An effective,rapid, and non-toxic RFLPs technique was established, which is easy to man-age in common lab oratories.

AIM: To observe the effect of Baoxin capsules on hemodynamics of ischemic myocardium of dogs. METHODS: Fed Baoxin capsule for continuous three days, left anterior descending branch of the coronary artery of the dogs were ligated to observe the change of cardiac output, blood pressure and ?dp/dt max in different time of myocardial ischemia. RESULTS: Baoxin capsules increased the blood flow obviously, and increased left ventricular function simultaneously, the difference with ischemic group is significant (P

Objective To evaluate efficacy and safety of glucocorticoids for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).Methods We searched relevant randomized controlled trials (RCT) from Pubmed,EMBASE,Cochrane Library,Chinese Journal Full-text Database,Chinese Biomedical Literature Database and traced the related reference to obtain the information that had not been found by using key words of steroids,glucocorticoids,cortisol,corticosteroids,community acquired pneumonia and CAP.The quality of RCT included was evaluated.Meta-analysis was performed with RevMan 5.0 provided by the Cochrance Collaboration.Results Seven RCTs involving 944 patients were included in the meta-analysis.Mean length of hospital stay in glucocorticoids treatment group was significant shorter than that in conventional treatment group (WMD =-1.70,95％ CI:-2.01-1.39,Z =10.81,P ＜0.01).No significant differences were found regarding mortality (RR =0.77,95％ CI 0.46-1.27,Z =1.03,P =0.30),mean length of ICU stay (WMD =1.17,95％ CI:-1.68-4.02,Z =0.81,P =0.42),the risk of double infection (RR =1.32,95％ CI 0.66-2.63,Z=0.79,P=0.43),the incidence of hyperglycemia (RR=1.84,95％ CI0.76-4.41,,Z=1.36,P=0.17),the incidence of upper gastrointestinal bleeding (RR =1.98,95％ CI O.37-10.59,Z =0.80,P =0.42) between conventional treatment group and glucocorticoids treatment group.Conclusions Glucocorticoids treatment used in patients with community-acquired pneumonia may shorten the course of illness and possess better safety,but could not reduce the mortality.