This article presents a brief introduction of the gap junctions on CA_1 pyramidal cells of guinea pig hippocampus observed by freeze replica technique. In freeze replicas of the hippocampus of guinea pig, gap junctions were observed on the E-face of the CA_1 pyramidal cells and the apical dendrites, the intramembranous particles aggregated as a large or a small area and arranged regularly or irregularly.

Objective To explore the imaging features and its correlation with pathological findings of giant cell tumor of the ten-don sheath (GCTTS).Methods The clinical data,radiographic images and pathological characteristics of sixteen cases of GCTTS confirmed by pathology were retrospectively reviewed.Plain CT,pre and post-contrast MR were performed in all patients.HE stai-ning was used to investigate the histological characteristics of GCTTS,and immunohistochemistry was employed to detect the ex-pression of CD68.Results There were nine cases of local type GCTTS and seven cases of diffuse type GCTTS in our present study. Nine cases were located in the knee joint,four cases in the foot,and three cases in the hand.Compared with normal skeletal muscle signals,lesions showed isointensity or low intensity on T1 WI and inhomogeneous low intensity on T2 WI.Three cases caused adja-cent bone destruction,one case lead to adjacent bone absorption,and no abnormality was found in other twelve cases.Six cases were injected Gd-DTPA for enhanced scan,in which four cases showed significantly heterogeneous enhancement,one case mild heteroge-neous enhancement,and one case no heterogeneous enhancement.Pathology examination results revealed that GCTTS parenchyma cells were mainly formed by histocyte-like monocytes,and scattered multinuclear giant cells.GCTTS mesenchyme was rich in gelat-inous fiber and hemosiderin pigmentation.Conclusion MR has a significant advantage in detecting specific hemosiderin pigmentation and determining lesions area of GCTTS.Combination of MR with pathology results may improve the diagnosis accuracy.

Background:Recently,studies have shown that piperlongumine( PL)selectively killed cancer cells by elevating reactive oxygen species(ROS)in various cancers. However,the effect of PL on gastric cancer cells remained to be further studied. Aims:To investigate the effect of PL on proliferation and apoptosis of human gastric cancer cell line MKN45 and its underlying mechanism. Methods:MKN45 cells were treated with different doses of PL,caspase inhibitor,antioxidant, and their combinations,respectively. Cell viability was assessed by CCK-8 assay;cell cycle,apoptosis and intracellular ROS level were measured by flow cytometry;and Western blotting was employed to determine the expression of apoptosis-related proteins( XIAP,cleaved-caspase3,7,9 and cleaved-PARP),p53 and its downstream target genes( p21, GADD45α and PUMA). Results:PL inhibited the proliferation of MKN45 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. In MKN45 cells treated with PL,the proportion of cells in G1 phase,apoptotic rate and intracellular ROS level were significantly increased,the expression of inhibitor of apoptosis protein XIAP was down-regulated,and the caspase-dependent apoptosis pathway,p53 and its downstream target genes were activated. Pretreatment with antioxidant NAC or Z-VAD-FMK, a general caspase inhibitor could partially abolish the effect of PL on ROS production and its antitumor effect. Conclusions:PL can inhibit cell proliferation and induce cell cycle G1 phase arrest and apoptosis in MKN45 cells. Its antitumor effect may be associated with a ROS-mediated p53 activation and subsequent triggering of caspases cascade of cell apoptosis.

Objective To evaluate the effect of ecoimmunonutrition on maintenance of the mucosal barrier function in pigs with severe acute pancreatitis(SAP).Methods Twenty pigs were injected with5% sodium taurocholate and trypsin into the pancreatic duct to establish SAP models.Twenty four hours later,18 suvival pigs were randomly given parenteral nutrition(PN group,n=6),elemental enteral nutrition(EEN group,n=6),or ecoimmunonutrition(EIN group,n=6)for 8 days.The serum amylase,endotoxin and intestinal permeability were determined on different times.All pigs were sacrificed 8days later,and their venous blood,mesenteric lymph nodes(MLN),liver,lung,spleen and pancreas specimens were cultured quantitatively and qualitatively with standard techniques.The morphology of small bowel was observed and pathological changes of the pancreas was analyzed.Results Serum amylase of all groups were obviously elevated,but there was no significant difference among them(P＞0.05).The plasma endotoxin and intestinal permeability were lower in EIN group[(1.50±0.18)EU/L and(42.8±20.0)×10-3 respeetively]compared to EEN group[(1.98 4±0.20)EU/L and(67.4±23.0)×10-3 respectively]and PN group[(3.96±0.40)EU/L and(197.2±47.4)×10-3.respectively](all P value＜0.05).The incidence and the magnitude of bacterial translocation in EIN group were lower than those in PN and EEN groups.However,the ileum mucosa thickness,villus height,crypt depth and the rate of the normal intestinal villi in EIN group were(398.27±52.93)μm,(269.72±41.66)μm,(681.98±58.33)μm and 79%,respectively,but in PN group were(218.32±35.81)μm,(145.76±23.34)μm,(376.20±48.23)μm and13%,respectively and in EEN group were(305.70±42.72)μm,(192.52±38.17)μm,(507.31±68.23)μm and 47%,respectively.Conclusions EIN can maintain the integrity of intestinal mucosal barrier and decreasing intestinal bacterial and endotoxin translocation in SAP pigs.

The concentrations of berberine (BBR) and 8-cetylberberine (8-BBR-C16) in rat plasma and tissue were determined by RP-HPLC. Both the plasma pharmacokinetics characteristic and tissue distribution differences of BBR and 8-BBR-C16 were compared to provide experimental data for the mechanism research and further drug development. After the oral administrations of BBR and 8-BBR-C16 at the dose of 80 mg x kg(-1) for rats, the pharmacokinetics result showed that compared with BBR, the C(max) and AUC(0-t), of 8-BBR-C16 increased by 2.8 times and 12.9 times respectively, t1/2 extended from 3.61 h to 11.90 h. The tissue distribution result showed that compared with BBR, the concentration of 8-BBR-C16 in various organizations increased and the retention time extended remarkably. The maximum concentration was achieved in lung and the highest concentration in it was 3 731.82 ng x g(-1). After being derived, the C(max) in plasma and bioavailability of 8-BBR-C16 increased remarkably and the circulation time in vivo extended. The drug concentration in tissue increased remarkably, and the distribution ratio changed too, with strong targeting selection in lung.

This paper analyzed innovative education management system,innovative education resources,innovative education mode and innovative education evaluation standard through practicing‘integration of production,study and research’ teaching platform. Meanwhile,this paper explored the optimization system of innovative education in medical undergraduate teaching.

Objective To investigate and compare the clinical effects of 2-micron laser vaporization resection of prostate (2-micron laser) and versus transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) for treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH) in this prospective random control study.Methods Sixty patients of BPH were randomly divided into two groups including the 2-micron laser group (n =30) and the TURP group (n =30).The perioperative markers and therapeutic results including duration of surgery,blood lose during surgery,improvement of symptoms after treatment,postoperative bladder washing time,the mean bladder irrigating time,hospital stay time,and recent complications were recorded and analyzed.Results The international prostate symptom score((6.6 ± 1.8) vs.(33.2 ±2.2),(5.7 ± 1.3) vs.(33.4 ±2.3) respectively),maximal urinary flow((20.6 ± 1.5) ml/s vs.(7.8 ± 4.3) m/s,(19.5 ± 1.7) ml/s vs.(8.3 ± 4.5) ml/s respectively),residual urine volume((22.3 ±4.7) ml vs.(57.2 ± 10.5) ml,(26.3 ±7.2) ml vs.(60.2 ± 14.5) ml respectively) were significantly improved in both groups after operation (P =0.005,0.008,0.036,0.001,0.005,0.013 respectively),but the differences between these two groups were not significant (P =0.16,0.49,0.97 respectively).The volume of hemorrhage ((20.9 ± 12.1) ml vs.(55.3 ± 27.8) ml),the mean bladder irrigating time ((1.0 ±0.5) d vs.(3.5 ±0.7) d),cathererization time ((3.2 ± 1.3) d vs.(6.0 ± 1.5) d),hospital stay time ((6.8 ±0.7) d vs.(10.6 ±0.6) d) were significantly less or shorter in the 2-micron laser group than in the TURP group (P =0.009,0.005,0.035,0.03 respectively).There was no significant difference in rates of complications between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The therapy of 2-micron laser is safer and more efficacious than TURP for BPH patients,with advantages of short surgery duration,little blood loss,and quick recovery.

Objective To investigate the MR characteristics of ulnar nerve and muscles in cubital tunnel syndrome.Methods Twenty eight patients with cubital tunnel syndrome and 28 asymptomatic volunteers underwent MR imaging,MR neurography was performed by using an isotropic three dimensions T2 sampling perfection with application optimized contrasts using different flip angle evolutions (3D T2 SPACE)on 15 patients with cubital tunnel syndrome.To evaluate changes in T2 signal intensity of the ulnar nerve,regions of interest were placed in the center of the location of the highest apparent ulnar nerve signal intensity on the axial FS T2WI images and in normal muscle within the same image slice,and the ratio of signal intensity was calculated.The sensitivity of 3D T2 SPACE sequence in detecting cubital tunnel syndrome was determined.The standard t tests were used to assess whether ulnar nerve size and relative signal intensity in symptomatic patients were statistically different from normal volunteers.Results The cross-sectional area of ulnar nerve in 24 patients and 2 volunteers was enlarged,the signal intensity of ulnar nerve in 26 patients and 16 volunteers was increased.Increased signal and muscle atrophy adjacent to the ulnar nerve were detected in 4 patients.Cubital tunnel syndrome was detected in 14 patientson 3D T2 SPACE sequence.The mean ulnar nerve sizes in the symptomatic and normal group were (0.15±0.06)and (0.06±0.01)cm2 respectively,the mean relative signal intensities in the symptomatic and normal groups were (2.86± 1.45) and 1.57±0.39 respectively (t values were 2.220 and 4.546,P＜0.05).Conclusions Ulnar nerve size and T2 signal intensity were increased,in patients with cubital tunnel syndrome.In addition,muscles innervated by the ulnar nerve showed atrophy with increased T2 signal intensity.

The paper is a report of sociological investigation about thousands of peoples who were exposed to acute infection of schistosomiasis in subdistrict Younyuan, Wuhan City. 9 organizations, 258 families (944 persons) were surveyed with sociological metheds such as outlined questionare, personal questioning, visit and meeting. The result showed that some factors (age, profession, cultural level, size of residing place, distance between residing place and Yangtze river, frequency of swimming in river) were closely related with the epidemic outbreak of acute schistosomiasis. Thus we suggest that public health education should be implemented as an important antischistcsomiasis measure for local residents in urban epidemic areas when snail host (Oncomelania hupensis) of Schistosoma japonicum has not been controlled.

Objective To investigate the relationship of expressions of cylooxygenase-2(COX-2) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1?(HIF-1?) in hepatocelluar carcinoma(HCC) and the possible antineoplastic mechanism of selective COX-2 inhibitor.Methods The expressions of COX-2 and HIF-1? in 53 cases of HCC tissues were detected immunohistochemically.Western blot was employed to evaluate the effects of variant concentration of COX-2 inhibitor meloxicam on expression of HIF-1? in Cobaltchloride-stimulated SMMC-7721 cell.Results Of 53 tumor tissues,the expression of COX-2 was 22/53(41.5%) strongly positive stained,11/53(20.8%) positive stained,and 20/53(37.7%) negative stained.Meanwhile the expression of HIF-1? was 18/53(34.0%) strongly positive stained,18/53(34.0%)positive stained,17/53((32.1%)) negative stained.The expression of COX-2 was correlated positively with HIF-1? in HCC(r=0.440,P