Dietary survey in lactating mothers and analysis of composition of breast milk were performed. 73 healthy women, full term and normal delivery, 21-32 years of age, without family history of "insufficient milk secretion" or environmental, psychiatric and emotional disturbance were included in this study. 33 of them were female workers in the urban district and 40 of them were peasant women in the countryside. By comparing the daily dietary nutrient intakes of the urban and rural groups of lactating mothers with that recommended by the Chinese Nutrition Society (1981 revised), one can see that except iron and thiamine, all the others were below the standard recommended. Among these, total calories were only 82.7% and 77.3% respectively, protein 80.6% and 73.1%, riboflavin 96.7% and 41.1%, calcium 21.9% and 25.2% respectively. Intake of animal protein, total fat and fat energy ratio of the urban group were higher than that of the rural group, meanwhile the content of protein, fat and zinc in the breast milk of the urban group were also higher than that of the rural group, By stepwise regression analysis the following regression function was conducted;Y = 0.9-107 + 0.007x, Y represent the estimated protein content in the breast milk, and x, the fat energy ratio in the mothers diet. Positive correlation was seen between the dietary intake of animal protein and zinc content in the breast milk. r=0.47, p

In China,compared with other high risk population, drug users have higher rates of HIV infection, HCV infection and co-infection of HIV and HCV. These infections are major factors influencing this population’s health status. By describing and comparing the status of HIV infection, HCV infection, and HIV/HCV co-infection among drug users in China in terms of geographic distribution, demographic distribution, analyzing the interaction of the two viruses and the velocity of transmission and pathogenicity, this article provides recommendation for prevention and control of HIV and HCV.

Objective To investigate the risk factors of hyperamylasemia in patients with gastrointestinal minimally invasive surgery.Methods Two hundred and twenty cases with gastrointestinal were selected as our subjects who were hospitalized in General Surgery Department of the Center Hospital of Binzhou from Jan 2012 to Jan 2014.The patients were divided into normal group and hyperamylasemia group according to the postoperative serum amylase levels.The complications of two groups were recorded.The risk factors of hyperamylasemia were analyzed with univariate and Logistic multivariate.Results There were 98 cases (44.54％,98/220) of concurrent hyperamylasemia,45 cases (20.45 ％) of colon surgery,53 cases (24.09％) of stomach surgery.The complications of hyperamylasemia group and normal group were 28 cases (28.57％) and 8 cases (6.56％),and the difference was significant (x2 =4.869,P =0.006).Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in terms of the abdominal surgery,surgical approach,body mass index ＞ 25 kg/m2,operation time,position,CO2 insufflation pressure,pneumoperitoneum duration and pancreatic treatment between two groups(P ＜ 0.05).Logistic multivariate analysis showed that the abdominal surgery,CO2 insufflation pressure,pneumoperitoneum duration and operative time were independent risk factors with hyperamylasemia.Conclusion There is high incidence of hyperamylasemia after laparoscopic gastrointestinal surgery.Patients with pancreatitis and postoperative infection are easily to get hyperamylasemia complications.Upper abdominal surgery,CO2 insufflation pressure,pneumoperitoneum duration,operative time are independent risk factors for hyperamylasemia.

Objective To investigate the effect of placing subcutaneous drain tube and preseting triclosan-coated polyglactin 910 suture with delayed suturing to incision infection after typeⅢabdominal surgery. Methords Dividing 504 patients with typeⅢincisions undergone abdominal surgery into 3 groups. The number of group A patients with thoroughly incision washing and primary triclosan-coated polyglactin 910 suture after abdominal surgery was 143. The number of group B with closed anterior rectus sheath, opened skin and subcutaneous fat with preseted triclosan-coated polyglactin 910 suture was 190. The number of group C with subcutaneous drain tube after abdominal surgery was 171. We compared the incidence rates of incision infection and the second phase debridement suture rates among the 3 groups. Results For the group A, B, C, the number of incision infection people was 11, 4, 3 and the incision infection rate was 7.69%, 2.11%and 1.75%respectively. The difference of the 3 groups incision infection rate were statistically significant (P<0.05). The incision infection rate of the group B and group C were lower than that of group A and the difference were statistically significant (P<0.016 7). There were no significant differences in second phase debridement suture rates among the 3 groups. Conclusion Preseting triclosan-coated polyglactin 910 suture with delayed incision sutue and placing subcutaneous drain tube can decrease the incision infection rates for type Ⅲpatients after abdominal surgery, but can not decrease the second phase debridement suture rates of the infectious incision.

Objective To establish an animal model of severe bone marrow type acute radiation sickness in the BALB/c mice and to provide a good foundation for further investigation of severe bone marrow type acute radiation sickness.Methods BALB/c mice were given 6.0 Gy 60Co γ-rays total body irradiation.The mice were observed twice a day.The changes in body weight,peripheral blood cell counts were recorded once every three days.Histopathological sections of femur were prepared to observe the histomorphological changes.Bone marrow cells were collected to perform colony cultivation on day 1 before irradiation,and 14 d,28 d after irradiation.Results The mice were less active three days after irradiation,but there were no vomiting and loose stools.The white blood cell counts were dropped to the nadirs (3.0 ％) 11 days after irradiation and recovered to 53.7 ％ on day 28 after irradiation.The platelet counts were dropped to the nadirs (8.1％) 14 days after irradiation and recovered to 60.4 ％ on day 28 after irradiation.Histopathological section showed that the bone marrow cavity was almost empty on day 14 after irradiation.Semi-solid bone marrow cell culture results also demonstrated that CFU-GM and CFU-Mix were obviously decreased.They were not yet fully recovered on day 28 after irradiation.All mice were still alive two months after irradiation.Conclusion A murine model of severe bone marrow type acute radiation sickness has been successfully established by exposure to 6.0 Gy 60Co γ-rays.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of transcatheter super-selective hepatic artery embolization (TAE) in treating symptomatic polycystic liver disease (PLD). Methods A total of 8 patients with PLD, who were admitted to authors’ hospital during the period from 2009 to 2013 to receive TAE, were enrolled in this study. The patients included 6 females and 2 males with a mean age of 59.5 years (54-65 years). The used embolic agents were polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) microspheres and micro spring coils. Both plain and contrast-enhanced CT scans of the upper abdomen were performed before TAE as well as at 12 months after TAE; the total volume of the hepatic cysts was measured and the changes of the cystic volume were determined. Statistical analysis was conducted using paired t test. Results The technical success rate was 100%. After TAE, the patients developed fever and different degrees of discomfort at liver area, which were disappeared after active symptomatic medication, and no serious complications occurred. The patients were followed up for 12 months , the mean total volume of the intrahepatic cysts decreased from preoperative (5 794±2 066) cm3 (range 3 120-8 935 cm3) to postoperative (3 832±1 525) cm3 (range 2 019-5 925 cm3), the difference was statistically significant (t=6.971, P<0.001). The reduction ratio of total volume of intrahepatic cysts was 34.6%±11.3%(24.3%-60.4%). Conclusion For symptomatic polycystic liver disease, transcatheter super-selective hepatic arterial embolization is a newly-developed treatment. This technique is safe and effective with reliable response and fewer complications. Therefore, it should be recommended in clinical practice.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of minimal fat renal angiomyolipoma (MFAML)and clear cell renal cell carcinoma(CCRCC)in high resolution multi-slice spiral CT(MSCT)and to improve the diagnosis accuracy for the renal tumors.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 24 MFAML patients(16 females,8 males)with mean age of 43(19-74)years and 24 CCRCC patients(16 females,8 males)with mean age of 44(21-76)years.All patients had undergone MSCT and proved histopathologically after surgery.The characteristics included tumor location,tumor attenuation on unenhanced CT,enhancement characteristics(degree of tumor enhancement in the early corticomedullary phase,homogeneity of enhancement,amount of enhancement,enhancement pattern over time),tumor margin,intratumoral calcification,and perinephric changes.The predictive value of each CT characteristic was determined by using multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results The tumor location in the kidney (upper pole:MFAML,6 cases,CCRCC,6 cases;middle:MFAML,7 cases,CCRCC,9 cases;lower pole:MFAML,11 cases,CCRCC,9 cases)and smooth tumor margin(MFAML,n=21;CCRCC,n=19)were not significantly different between MFAML patients and those with CCRCC,P＞0.05.Twenty-one cases of both MFAMLs and CCRCCs had the significant enhancement in the early corticomedullary phase,which were hypovascular tumors,whereas the mean amount of tumor enhancement was greater in CCRCC than in MFAML in both the early corticomedullary and the corticomedullary phases(CCRCC:175 HU,196 HU;MFAML:125 HU,145 HU;P＜0.05.MFAML usually showed homogeneous enhancement(n=15)rather than heterogeneous enhancement(n =9),whereas most CCRCC showed heterogeneous enhancement(n =17)rather than homogeneous enhancement(n =7),P＜0.05).Enhancement pattern was not a significant predictor.Within the 13 MFAML cases,8 cases had sufficient blood supply(6 cases showed obvious wash-in-and-wash-out,2 cases were with prolonged enhancement),5 cases with hypovascular showed a pattern of prolonged or gradual enhancement,while 21 CCRCC cases had sufficient blood supply and 71％ of them showed obvious wash-in-and-wash-out.High tumor attenuation on unenhanced scans(MFAML:17 patients (75％);CCRCC:2 patients(8％),P=0.002,OR=0.010)and threshold enhancement values of 129.5 HU in the corticomedullary phase(MFAML:5 patients(20％);CCRCC:20 patients(83％),P =0.004,OR =0.057)were valuable predictors for differentiating MFAML from CCRCC at multivariate logistic regression analysis.Conclusions MSCT is useful in differentiating MFAML from CCRCC,with high tumor attenuation on unenhanced scans and threshold enhancement values of 129.5 HU in the corticomedullary phase being the most valuable CT findings.75％ of MFAMLs with sufficient blood supply also show a pattern of wash-in-and-wash-out,which can easily misdiagnosed as a renal cancer.

AIM: To study the expression of thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) and receptor-CD36, and investigate the relationship between tumor invasive capability and microvessel density and thrombospondin-1. METHODS: 43 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases were under investigation. Tissues from tumor, corresponding adjacent non-HCC tissue were stained with CD34 to show the MVD. TSP-1 and CD36 were examined by immunohistochemistry (SP) and RT-PCR. Relationship between clinical pathological features and above parameters was analyed. RESULTS: The staining of TSP-1 in HCC tissue is significantly lower than that in corresponding adjacent non-HCC tissue. Expression of TSP-1 was correlated to tumor thrombi, capsule, tumor invasive capability and CD36. CD36 was also correlated to tumor thrombi and tumor invasive capability. MVD was significantly higher in TSP-1, CD36 positive group than that in negative group. CONCLUSION: TSP-1 inhibits the growth, invasion and angiogenesis in HCC. TSP-1 may take effect through CD36.

Objective To survey the prevalence of hypertension in population of Keshan disease endemic areas, in order to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of hypertension in rural areas of our country.Methods One hundred and twenty villages were selected as the survey places based on case-finding from 15 provinces including Gansu, Hebei, Henan, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Hubei, Yunnan,Sichuan, Guizhou, Chongqing and Mongolia in 2009.The subjects were permanent residents in the survey places.Basic situation of all subjects was collected through the questionnaire survey and blood pressure was measured by a clinician.Diagnostic criterion for hypertension was based on the Chinese Guidelines for the Management of Hypertension.Results Totally 33 558 subjects aged 18 and over were surveyed, including 8 699 hypertension patients.The positive rate of hypertension was 25.9％ (8 699/33 558), among that 26.3％ (3 532/13 408) were males,and 25.6％ (5 167/20 150) were females.The positive rate of hypertension increased with age (x2 =3 348.325, P ＜0.05).In the classification of hypertension, the proportion of stage 1, 2 and 3 hypertension and isolated systolic hypertension was 31.8％ (2 770/8 699), 26.1％ (2 273/8 699), 17.2％ (1 492/8 699) and 24.9％ (2 164/8 699),respectively.Conclusions The positive rates of hypertension in Keshan disease endemic areas are higher than those of the national average (18.8％).Hypertension is a serious public health problem in Keshan disease endemic areas.The strategy of hypertension prevention and control should be formulated for remote rural areas.