Objective To observe the effects of different gastrointestinal reconstruction methods after dis -tal subtotal gastrectomy on nutritional condition and blood glucose in patients with type 2 diabetes ( T2DM) and gastric cancer.Methods 88 patients with T2DM and gastric cancer undergoing radial distal gastrectomy were studied and among them 43 patients had Billroth I gastrointestinal reconstruction , 22 patients had Billroth II gas-trointestinal reconstruction and 23 patients had Roux-en-Y gastrointestinal reconstruction .Body mass index ( BMI) , serum albumin and prealbumin of the 3 groups were measured preoperatively and 1 year after surgery . The patients were followed up .Results There was no significant difference among the 3 groups in preoperative values(P>0.05).One year after surgery, BMI, serum albumin and peralbumin in the 3 groups had different de-grees of reduction , but showed no statistical difference ( P>0.05 ) .The effective rate of diabetes control was 18.60%in Billroth I group , 72.73%in Billroth II group , and 73.91% in Roux-en-Y group and the difference had statistical significance(χ2 =17.390 3,P<0.05).The effective rates of diabetes control in Billroth II group and Roux-en-Y group were higher than that in Billroth I group (χ2 =18.340 9,P<0.05;χ2 =19.480 4,P<0.05), and there was no evident difference between Billroth II group and Roux-en-Y group(χ2 =0.008 1,P=0.928 4).Conclusion Billroth II and Roux-en-Y gastrointestinal reconstruction can improve glycemic metabo-lism of patients with T2DM and gastric cancer without significantly reducing the nutrition status .

Agarases are glycoside hydrolases.They are grouped into?and?types,which hydrolyze?-1,3 linkages and?-1,4 linkages respectively.The paper is about advance in research of agarase including the research of biology,the classcification,the crystal structure,the catalysis mechanism and application of agarases.

Tissue engineering has always been a hot spot in the life science area over the past few years. However, there are some problems, such as the multiplication of seeding cells, the preparation of tissue engineering scaffolds, and the controlled release of drugs from scaffolds and so on. Recently microspheres have been widely used to solve these problems. For example, microspheres are used as microcarriers to culture seeding cells. In addition, microsphers can be either used to prepare engineering scaffolds or directly used as scaffolds. Microspheres can be used to load drugs and control the drug release as well. In this paper the application of microspheres in tissue engineering is reviewed and the up-to-date methods are introduced, including ways of improving performances of microcarriers, preparing scaffolds with microspheres and adding drug-loaded microspheres into scaffolds.

Child ; Gene Rearrangement, T-Lymphocyte ; Humans ; Neoplasm, Residual ; diagnosis ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; diagnosis ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell ; genetics

0.10). However, for patients with positive cervical lymph nodes, neck dissection plus radiotherapy resulted in a better local control rate than radiotherapy alone (P

In a previous study, we cloned popW from Ralstonia solanacearum strain ZJ3721, coding PopW, a new harpin protein. The procaryotically expressed PopW can induce resistance to Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), enhance growth and improve quality of tobacco, when sprayed onto tobacco leaves. Here, we constructed an expression vector pB- popW by cloning popW into the bionary vector pBI121 and transformed it into Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain EHA105 via freeze-thaw method. Tobacco (Nicotiana tobacum cv. Xanthi nc.) transformation was conducted by infection of tobacco leaf discs with recombinant A. tumefaciens. After screening on MS medium containing kanamycin, PCR and RT-PCR analysis, 21 T3 lines were identified as positive transgenic. Genomic intergration and expression of the transferred gene were determined by PCR and RT-PCR. And GUS staining analysis indicated that the protein expressed in transgenic tobacco was bioactive and exhibited different expression levels among lines. Disease bioassays showed that the transgenic tobacco had enhanced resistance to TMV with biocontrol efficiency up to 54.25%. Transgenic tobacco also exhibited enhanced plant growth, the root length of 15 d old seedlings was 1.7 times longer than that of wild type tobacco. 60 d after transplanting to pots, the height, fresh weight and dry weight of transgenic tobacco were 1.4, 1.7, 1.8 times larger than that of wild type tobacco, respectively.
Agrobacterium tumefaciens ; Animals ; Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins ; genetics ; Disease Resistance ; genetics ; Genetic Vectors ; Phenotype ; Plant Diseases ; prevention & control ; virology ; Plants, Genetically Modified ; genetics ; Tobacco ; genetics ; Tobacco Mosaic Virus ; Transformation, Genetic

Objective To evaluate the value of fat-saturated three-dimensional fast imaging with steady state procession(FS-3D-FISP)sequence in detecting hyaline cartilage defects in osteoarthritis in rabbits.Methods Osteoarthritis was induced in eighteen male rabbits by injecting papain into the left knee joints.The same volume of sterile saline solution was injected into right knee joints as controls.MRI of knee joints was done at 1,2 and 4 weeks after injection using FS-3D-FISP sequence.The the rabbits were killed and pathohistological examinations of the femoral condylars and tibial plateaus were performed.The cartilage changes were observed by MR image according to the Outerbridge method and by pathology using Collins staging.Results There was closely correlation between MR imaging and pathology in grading of cartilage injury in grade I～II and grade III～IV(P＜0.001).Conclusion FS-3D-FISP can evaluate accurately the degree of articular injury.

BACKGROUND:Bladder acellular matrix graft (BAMG) is frequently used for domains of tissue engineering scaffold due to its great biocompatibility and cell adhesion. OBJECTIVE:To verify the biological characteristics of BAMG after frozen and lyophilized processing. DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:A biocompatibility experiment was performed at Shanghai Tissue Engineering Research and Development Center and Experimental Animal Department of the Sixth People's Hospital of Shanghai between May and November 2008. MATERIALS:Two New Zealand rabbits were used in this study for BAMG preparation. METHODS:After midsection of rabbit bladder,mucous membrane of urinary bladder was isolated and dipped in three-distilled water for 24 hours. Thereafter,the samples were incubated with acellular solution containing 0.1% Triton X-100 and 0.15% aqueous ammonia for 14 days. The culture medium was changed regularly. The samples in the control group were stored in 75% ethanol,while samples in the experimental group were frozen for 24 hours at -80 ℃,vacuum-dried for 24 hours,and stored in 75% ethanol. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Biological characteristics of BAMG were detected using hematoxylin and eosin staining,Masson staining,and scanning electron microscopy; biological characteristics were compared between the two groups using cell adhesion test,MTT assay,and subcutaneously embedding test. RESULTS:Hematoxylin and eosin staining and Masson staining revealed that no residual cells were detected in the BAMG,and collagen was intact. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that cells exhibited a slit-shaped structure mainly containing collagen which was beneficial for cell adhesion. Mechanical test revealed that the BAMG after frozen and lyophilized processing not only reserved the mechanical properties of the raw BAMG,but also had a great elongation. MTT assay confirmed that cytotoxicity was grade 0,and BAMG had a good compatibility to smooth muscle cells. After subcutaneously embedding for one month,BAMGs had good adhesions to subcutaneous tissues,and muscular adhesion and vascular proliferation were observed. CONCLUSION:BAMG after frozen and lyophilized processing reserves original biocompatibility and has great elongation; therefore,it will become a useful and ideal biomaterial for tissue engineering scaffold.

BACKGROUND:After acute myocardial infarction(AMI),there is still surviving myocardium in and around the infarcted area,which plays an important role in the occurrence of arrhythmia. OBJECTIVE:To study the alterations of the activities of Na+ channel current(INa),L-calcium current(ICa-L),transient outward K+ current(Ito) and inward rectifying K+ current(IK1) in the cardiomyocytes in the infarcted area after AMI. DESIGN: A randomized controlled study. SETTING:Department of Cardiology,Bethune International Peace Hospital. PARTICIPANTS:The experiment was finished in the Central Laboratory of the Department of Cardiology,Bethune International Peace Hospital from January to June 2003.Twenty New Zealand pure big-ear rabbits were randomly divided into AMI group(n=10) and control group(n=10). INTERVENTIONS:Rabbit AMI models were established by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery.The ventricular myocytes were separated with the method of enzymatic dissociation technique,and the changes of the ion currents were recorded with the whole cell patch-clamp techniques. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:The changes of INa,ICa-L,Ito and IK1 in the cardiomyocytes taken from the infarcted area of epicardium 24 hours after AMI in both the AMI and control groups. RESULTS:Twenty-four hours after AMI,the peak current densities of INa,ICa-L and IK1 in the AMI group [(28.48± 3.53) pA/pF,n=16;(3.91± 0.95) pA/pF,n=12;(26.93 ± 3.48) pA/pF,n=16]were all significantly reduced as compared with those in the control group [(45.50± 5.33) pA/pF,n=12;(5.58± 1.53) pA/pF,n=10;(34.12± 4.21) pA/pF,n=10] (t=3.026,P< 0.01;t=2.985,P< 0.01;t=2.706,P< 0.05).There was no significant difference in the Ito density between the AMI group and control group (P >0.05). CONCLUSION:The reduce of INa,ICa-L and IK1 caused by AMI can result in the decrease of myocardial conduction velocity,the shortening of action potential-time,abnormal repolarization,which is possibly the ionic mechanism for the reentrant ventricular arrhythmia after AMI.

Objective To discuss the role of platelet-actived factors and hepatic and renal function in the development of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia by detecting the levels of the GP Ⅱb/Ⅲa in the blood, Pt and hepatic and renal function of the patients with pre-eclampsia and eclampsia. Method GP Ⅱb/Ⅲa, Pt and hepatic and renal function were measured in the normal non-pregnancy women, normal late-pregnancy women and pre-eclampsia and eclampsia women. Results The level of GP Ⅱb/Ⅲa in patients with severe pre-eclampsia and eclampsia was higher than that in non-pregnancy, normal late-pregnancy and mild pre-eclampsia (P<0.01). The count of Pt in patients with severe pre-eclampsia and eclampsia was lower than that in non-pregnancy, normal late-pregnancy and mild pre-eclampsia (P<0.01). Except ALB, the hepatic and renal function had significant difference among severe pre-eclampsia and eclampsia, normal late-pregnancy and mild pre-eclampsia. Conclusion Detecting the GP Ⅱb/Ⅲa, Pt and hepatic and renal function have clinical significance in severe pre-eclampsia and eclampsia.