Objective:To establish the HPLC fingerprint of raw products,rice-processed products and honey-processed products of Codonopsis Radix from Shanxi,and establish determination of their chemical constituents,which was used to analyze the changes of types and contents of chemical constituents in Codonopsis Radix from Shanxi before and after processing. Method:Agilent ZORBAX SB-C₁₈ column(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm) was adopted,the separation process was carried out using a binary gradient elution system composed of 0.5% phosphoric acid aqueous solution and acetonitrile,the column temperature was 30℃ and the detection wavelength was 220 nm. Result:Compared with the corresponding reference fingerprint,the similarities of HPLC fingerprint of 10 batches of raw products and processed products were >0.90.In raw products,rice-processed products and honey-processed products of Codonopsis Radix from Shanxi,the contents of lobetyolin were (0.33±0.049),(0.24±0.034),(0.18±0.047) mg·g^-1,the contents of atractylenolide Ⅲ were (0.20±0.046),(0.40±0.046),(0.31±0.060) mg·g^-1,the contents of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural(5-HMF) were (0.74±0.16),(1.45±0.19),(1.54±0.12) mg·g^-1,respectively. Conclusion:Different processing methods have little effect on types of chemical constituents in Codonopsis Radix from Shanxi,but have great effect on the contents of some chemical constituents.

OBJECTIVE: A remote multi-part personal radiation dose detection system is designed with ATmega32A single chip microcomputer as the control core. METHODS: First of all, the geiger counter tube module collects the radiation signal of the surrouding environment. Secondly, using ATmega32A Microprocessor of Slave computer to calculate the collected signal. Finally, it is sent to the host receiving device or mobile APP through Bluetooth module,so as to realize real-time detection of radiation data, remote transmission and security alarm. RESULTS: The system is measured in the same environment as the RG1100 radiometer, with a maximum difference of 0.03 μSv/h.This shows that it can stably realize the functions of radiation measurement, monitoring, alarm, remote connection and multimodal display. CONCLUSIONS The system has the advantages of good portability (easy to carry), low power consumption, accurate measurement and so on. It has certain reference value and practicability.
Equipment Design ; Microcomputers ; Radiation Dosage ; Wireless Technology

Based on the high solubility of azodicarbonamide (ADC) in hot solution and its electrostatic interaction with Nafion film,a new electroanalytical method was developed for the determination of ADC by using Nafion film electrode.The effect of temperature on the solubility of ADC and the mechanism of the reduction reaction of ADC on Nafion film electrode were investigated.Under the experimental conditions such as water bath at a constant temperature of 80 ℃,pH 6.0 and optimal test parameters,the differential pulse voltammetric response was proportional to the concentration of ADC in the range of 0.93-10.5 μg/L,and the detection limit was estimated to 0.58 μg/L.The relative standard deviation was less than 5.86 ％ and the recovery was 95.8％-104.0％ for the determination of the ADC in flour samples.The semicarbazide and nitrofurazone did not interfere with the determination of ADC.

Objective To determine and compare the minimum local analgesic concentration(MLAC) of ropivacaine and bupivacaine in continuous block of axillary brachial plexus for postoperative active mobilization of flexor tendon. Methods Seventy ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients undergoing relaxation of flexor tendon were randomly allocated into 2 groups (n = 35 each): ropivacaine group (group R) and bupivacaine group (group B). A catheter was inserted into axillary sheath using B. Braun stimulating intraducer, 24-48 h after operation. 30 min before functional exercise 20 ml of ropivacaine or bupivacaine was injected through catheter. The minimum local analgesic concentration of both local anesthetics was determined by up-and-down sequential test. The first concentration of both local anesthetics was 0.1%. The next concentration of local anesthetic was determined by response of the previous patient. The analgesia efficacy was assessed using 100 mm VAS score (0 = no pain, 100 mm = worst possible pain) . Increase/decrease in VAS by 10 mm was defined as effective. An effective result resulted in increase/decrease by 0.01% in the next patient. The motor block was also recorded.Results The two groups were comparable with regard to age, sex, body weight and baseline VAS score. The MLAC of ropivacaine was 0.133% [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.128%-0.138%] and MLAC of bupivacaine was0.121% (95%CI, 0.116%-0.126%). The analgesic potency of ropivacaine was 10% less than that of bupivacaine. The potency ratio of ropivacaine to bupivacaine was 0.91. The degree of motor block is higher with bupivacaine than with ropivacaine. Conclusion The results of our study show that the analgesic potency of ropivacaine is 10% less than that of bupivacaine. The degree of motor block is higher with bupivacaine than with ropivacaine.

Objective: To analyze the expressions of coordinated stimulating molecular programmed death 1(PD-1) and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) in human glioma and their clinical significances. Methods: A total of 70 postoperative paraffin specimens of brain glioma and 35 normal brain tissues in Heji Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College from January 2013 to December 2017 were collected. The expressions of PD-1 and PD-L1 in 70 glioma tissues and 35 normal brain tissues were detected by immunohistochemical SP method. The relationship between the expressions of PD-1 and PD-L1 and their correlation with the clinicopathological features were analyzed. Results: The positive expression rates of PD-1 and PD-L1 in glioma tissues were 69% (48/70) and 62% (43/70), respectively, which were higher than those in normal brain tissues [29% (10/35), 31% (11/35)], the differences were statistically significant (χ² values were 15.099 and 8.407, both P < 0.05). The positive expression rates of PD-1 and PD-L 1 in high-grade glioma were 81% (30/37) and 73% (27/37), respectively, which were higher than those in low-grade glioma [55% (18/33) and 49% (16/33)], the differences were statistically significant (χ ² values were 5.699 and 4.415, both P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the positive expression rates of PD-1 and PD-L1 among patients with different sex, age and maximum tumor diameter (all P > 0.05). There was a positive correlation between the expressions of PD-1 and PD-L1 proteins in glioma tissues (r= 0.372, P= 0.002). Conclusions The PD-1 and PD-L1 may become new biological indicators for evaluating the occurrence and development of glioma.

The excessive inflammatory response induced by myocardial infarction exacerbates heart injury and leads to the development of heart failure. Recent studies have confirmed the involvement of multiple transcription factors in the modulation of cardiovascular disease processes. However, the role of KLF9 in the inflammatory response induced by cardiovascular diseases including myocardial infarction remains unclear. Here, we found that the expression of KLF9 significantly increased during myocardial infarction. Besides, we also detected high expression of KLF9 in infiltrated macrophages after myocardial infarction. Our functional studies revealed that KLF9 deficiency prevented cardiac function and adverse cardiac remodeling. Furthermore, the downregulation of KLF9 inhibited the activation of NF-κB and MAPK signaling, leading to the suppression of inflammatory responses of macrophages triggered by myocardial infarction. Mechanistically, KLF9 was directly bound to the TLR2 promoter to enhance its expression, subsequently promoting the activation of inflammation-related signaling pathways. Our results suggested that KLF9 is a pro-inflammatory transcription factor in macrophages and targeting KLF9 may be a novel therapeutic strategy for ischemic heart disease.

OBJECTIVE: Based on the TGAM PCB module, a system of emotion control using audio-visual feedback is designed. METHODS: TGAM collects EEG information through the electrode in contact with the forehead skin. The system analyzes the user's emotion through the STM32F103ZET6 of the main control chip, and finally controls the control end of the system to regulate the user's emotion. RESULTS: It can be seen from the test results that the system can precisely recognize the user's emotions, and at the same time effectively adjust the user's emotions from both audio-visual aspects. CONCLUSIONS The system has high recognition accuracy and good adjustment effect.
Emotional Regulation ; Emotions ; Recognition, Psychology

OBJECTIVE To investigate the efficacy and safety of tirofiban for early neurological deterioration in patients with acute ischemic stroke. METHODS A total of 126 patients with early neurological deterioration of acute ischemic stroke who were admitted to the Department of Neurology， Heji Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College from January 2022 to December 2023 were selected and divided into observation group and control group according to random number table method， with 63 cases in each group. All patients received standardized treatment such as lipid-lowering and blood pressure-lowering therapy. Based on the standard treatment， patients in the control group additionally took Aspirin enteric-coated tablets 100 mg+Clopidogrel bisulfate tablets 75 mg orally （once a day， for 14 consecutive days）. The patients in the observation group received Tirofiban hydrochloride and sodium chloride injection based on the standardized treatment [first intravenous infusion of 0.40 μg/（kg·min） for 30 min， and then continuous intravenous infusion of 0.10 μg/（kg·min） for 47.5 h]； subsequently， patients were given Aspirin enteric-coated tablets （100 mg） and Clopidogrel bisulfate tablets （75 mg） once a day for 14 consecutive days. The clinical efficacy， the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale （NIHSS） score， modified Rankin Scale （mRS） score， and hemorheological indexes before and after treatment were compared between the two groups， and the adverse reactions were recorded. RESULTS The total effective rate （87.30%） of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group （71.43%） （P＜0.05）. NIHSS scores of the two groups at 1st， 7th and 14th day after treatment， the mRS score at 90th day after treatment， and the platelet aggregation rate， whole blood viscosity， plasma viscosity and fibrinogen at 14th day after treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment in the same group， and the observation group was significantly lower than the control group at the same period （P＜0.05）. The total incidences of adverse reactions such as nausea， headache， fever， gastrointestinal bleeding， oral and nasal mucosal bleeding and thrombocytopenia in both groups of patients were 28.57% respectively， with no statistically significant difference （P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS For patients with early neurological deterioration in acute ischemic stroke， the addition of tirofiban can accelerate the recovery of neurological function， improve blood hyperviscosity and platelet aggregation， and improve the prognosis of patients with good safety.

OBJECTIVETo detect the activity of autophagy and explore the impact on survival and proliferation of HEL cells and hematopoietic cells of polycythemia vera （PV） patients with JAK2 V617F mutation.

METHODSFlow cytometry, AO staining and Western blot methods were used to detect the autophagy activity and the expression of LC3-Ⅱ protein of JAK2 V617F+ HEL cells and hematopoietic cells of 12 newly diagnosed PV patients with JAK2 V617F mutation. HEL cells and bone marrow cells of 3 PV patients were treated with rapamycin or 3-MA to induce and inhibit autophagy, respectively. CellTiter Glo(R) method was used to detect the proliferation activity of cells.

RESULTSThere was higher level of mean LC3-Ⅱ fluorescence intensity in HEL cells (159 389 ± 29 001) than that in K562 cells (96 047 ± 24 134) (P=0.044). The formation of autophagosome in HEL cells is more than that in K562 cells detected by microscope. What's more, the level of mean LC3-Ⅱ fluorescence intensity in 12 PV patients' myeloid cells (92 842 ± 4 250) was higher than that of 15 healthy volunteers (86 633 ± 2 504) (P=0.001). The expression of LC3-Ⅱ protein was higher in PV patients' peripheral blood cells than that in healthy volunteers detected by Western blot. After treated with rapamycin 12, 24, 48 h, the activity of autophagy in HEL cells and bone marrow cells of 3 PV patients were increased and the proliferation activity was higher than the control group, the proliferation activity at 48 h were (101 413 ± 3 720), (18 744 ± 1 015), respectively. However, after treated with 3-MA 12, 24, 48 h, the activity of autophagy was decreased and the proliferation activity was lower than the control group, the proliferation activity at 48 h were (5 732 ± 166), (5 371 ± 56), respectively.

CONCLUSIONThere is high basical activity of autophagy in JAK2 V617F+ HEL cells and hematopoietic cells of PV patients with JAK2 V617F mutation. Up-regulated autophagy promotes proliferation of JAK2 V617F⁺ HEL cells and bone marrow cells of PV patients with JAK2 V617F mutation. Decreased autophagy inhibits proliferation of JAK2 V617F+ HEL cells and bone marrow cells of PV patients with JAK2 V617F mutation.

italic>Sophora flavescens is a traditional Chinese medicine rich in flavonoids and has wide application potential in drug development and clinical practice. In this study, a total of 227 flavonoids were detected among five tissues of S. flavescens during anthesis using widely targeted metabolomics techniques. There were 137 flavonoids shared by five S. flavescens tissues and 18 root-specific flavonoids. There were 156, 155, 156 and 150 differentially accumulated metabolites identified in stem, leaf, flower, and young pod, respectively, compared with root. Forty-seven potentially active flavonoid components in S. flavescens were identified using the PubChem and SwissADME databases. The 58 potential target proteins for these potentially active components were predicted to be important in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) based on the SwissTargetPrediction and GeneCards database. These 58 target proteins were used to construct a protein-protein interaction network through the STRING database, from which we performed GO and KEGG functional enrichment analysis. The mechanisms by which S. flavescens flavonoids may be useful in the treatment of T2DM was further explored in a multi-level and systematic way based on a "component-target-pathway" network. Finally, ten key potentially effective components were identified and found to be mainly distributed in the roots, flowers, and pods, and their content varied significantly between tissues. The results predict that the key targets of S. flavescens flavonoids in the treatment of T2DM are AKT1, ESR1, EGFR, PIK3R1, TNF and PTGS2, and that they play a hypoglycemic role through the regulation of endocrine resistance, AGE-RAGE, the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance and other signaling pathways. This analysis of the tissue distribution and network pharmacology of S. flavescens flavonoids provides a theoretical basis for further studies on S. flavescens metabolites, the rational development and utilization of the S. flavescens aboveground parts, and initiates a comprehensive exploration of the mechanisms by which S. flavescens can be used in the treatment of T2DM.