In this study, immunotoxin (IT) was prepared by conjugating BAC5 and CT with SPDP. The effects of IT on NPC and its mechanisms were explored using double labeled with radioactive nuclides, immunography and electron microscope technique in vivo and in vitro. The specific concentration of BAC5 in the tumor area showed. The radioactivity rate of tumor/nontumor (T/NT) was up to 10.26. IT had cytotoxic effects both on the cultured CNE-2 cell line and tumor multicell spheroides. In vivo, the preliminary result indicated that IT also had a inhibitory action on the nude mice models bearing human NPC (Reported in another article). Under electron microscope, the necrosis and apoptosis of tumor cells were found. The membranes of most tumor cells were found intacted not or corrosined, some of them had the character of apoptosis, including reduce of tumor cells membrane villi, condensation of cytoplasm and pyknosis or cleavage of nuclear. There were many of apoptosis bodies, which were occasionally phagocytosed by tumor cells. The infiltration of immunocytoes in tumor tissue could be seen. The results indicated that BAC5 can specifically combine with NPC cells and BAC5-CT has the inhibitory effect on NPC in vitro and in vivo, mechanism of which may be related to the effects that ‘warhead' CT dissolute the membrane of tumor cells directly, or/and IT promote the infiltration of immunocytoes so as to induce the apoptosis of tumor cell.

Objective To analyze the clinical manifestation, diagnosis and treatment of acute mesenteric vascular obliteration (AMVO). Methods 112 cases of AMVO were analyzed, including 20 cases admitted to our hospital from 1992 to 2004 and 92 cases reported by other hospitals. Results Abdominal pain, abdominal distension, nausea and vomiting, decrease or disappearance of bowel sound, elevation of white blood cell count were more frequent manifestations.Cardiovascular disease, portal vein stasis or hypercoagulation state were common findings in patients' history. The average misdiagnosis rate of AMVO in these 112 patients was 61.5%, with a misdiagnosis rate of 45.0% in 20 cases of our hospital. The average mortality rate of all these patients was 41.9%, with a mortality rate of 30.0% for 20 cases of our hospital. Conclusion The early clinical manifestation of AMVO lacks specificity, the misdiagnosis ratio and mortality rate are very high. Angiography should be done early to confirm the diagnosis and improve the therapeutic effect in the patients suspicions of having this ailment.

Objective To study the generation of metallo-β-lactamase(MBLs) and its related gene carrying situation in the clini-cal isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa .Methods Ceftazidime and imipenem were adopted to preliminarily screen MBLs of Pseudo-monas aeruginosa .The phenotypic confirmatory of imipenem-resistant and ceftazidime-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa was per-formed by using 2-mercaptopropionic acid (2-MPA) or EDTA synergy test and the MBLs genotypes of the positive strains in the preliminary screen were detected by PCR .Results The positive rate of the MBLs preliminary screen test in multi-resistant strains was 10 .9% ,and the positive rate of the MBLs in multi-resistant strains detected by CAZ/EDTA ,CAZ/2-MPA ,IMP/EDTA and IMP/2-MPA was 7 .5% ,7 .9% ,8 .8% and 9 .5% respectively .The positive rates of ipm1 and vim gene by PCR were 10 .4% and 8 .3% respectively .The strains with positive spm ,sim1 and gim were not found .Conclusion The MBLs test results detected by different methods are different ;MBLs genes carying ipm1 and vim are the main reason for carbapenem-resistant multi-drug resist-ant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the hospital .

Objective: To establish an optimized method by combining minimally invasive blood sample technique and flow cytometry analysis for monitoring the dynamic changes of memory T cell subsets in mouse peripheral blood. Methods: The blood samples were collected via the saphenous vein, and the four color compensation matrix of flow cytometry was established with fluorescence compensation beads; then the ratios of naive T cells, central memory T cells and effector memory T cells were analyzed using BD Calibur equipped with two laser. The following factors were investigated to optimize the flow cytometry protocol: (1) blood sampling volume; (2) centrifugation of blood or not; (3) the concentration of detecting antibodies; and (4) whether to wash after the lysis of erythrocytes. The optimized protocol was used to investigate the dynamic changes of memory T cells in C57 and apoE knockout (apoE-/-) mice during switching from chow to high fat diet. Results: (1) 10-50 μL blood samples could be collected via the saphenous vein of mice without anesthesia, and the process could be repeated and 10 μL blood sample could meet the requirement for multi-color flow cytometry analysis, which reducing the demand of antibodies. (2) Demand of antibodies could be further reduced by high speed centrifugation and removal of serum or plasma. (3) Optimization of antibody concentration could further reduce the amount of antibodies and potential interference of the background fluorescence without influencing the accuracy and reproducibility. (4) Washing after the lysis of erythrocyte could further decrease the background fluorescence of samples, but it increased the operation time, and it could also be analyzed without washing. (3) The effector memory T cell level of apoE--/- mice was significantly higher than that of C57 mice at the baseline level of chow diet (PC<.05); the level increased to a plateau after 3-week high fat diet in apoK-/- mice and after 2-week high fat diet in C37 mice, indicating immunity dysfunction during early stages of atherosclerosis in apoE -/- mice. Conclusion: Combination of blood sampling via saphenous vein and optimal flow cytometry analysis protocol can help to monitor the dynamic change of memory T cell subsets in vivo in mice.

Objectives To investigate clinic outcome of ticagrelor in treatment of patients with acute ST-segment elevation my ocardial infarction receiving primary percutaneous coronary intervention.Methods Sixty-two consecutive patients with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) receiving primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were included in this study.The clinic characteristics,thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) refuse after PCI,clinical outcomes after 30 d of patients were compared between patients who were treated with ticagrelor (group A 30 cases) and clopidogrel (group B 32 cases).Results There was no difference in the age,proportion of women,hypertension,and diabetics (P ＞ 0.05).TIMI 3 refuse after PCI were significantly higher in group A than group B (96.7％ vs 87.5％,P ＜ 0.05).The 30 d re-angina pectoris was lower in group A than group B (3.3％ vs 12.5％,P ＜0.05).However,tiny bleeding of group A was higher than group B (13.3％ vs 3.1％,P ＜0.05).Conclusions Ticagrelortreatment can improve the prognosis of STEMI receiving primary PCI,but increase the risk of bleeding.

Objective To investigate the polymorphic loci of four candidate genes of ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) patients in the Han population in China, so as to study the loci associated with diseases. Methods The Sequenom system was adopted to analyze the 19 SNP of the four candidate genes (namely, COL6A1, BMP-2, VDR and Runx2) in 180 Han individuals, with 78 in the pathological group and 102 in the control group. The genotype distributions and allele frequencies of each SNP were compared between the two groups, and the polymorphic loci related to OPLL and their relationship were analyzed. Results Allelic analysis found no disease related locus in the 19 SNP loci of the four candidate genes. However, the genotyping analysis found that rs1321075 and rs12333172 of Runx2 were significantly different between the two groups (P=0.0339, P=0.0428), both loci were on the No.6 chromosome and Linkage Disequilibrium (LD) analysis showed linkage disequilibrium between them. The 11 SNP loci on the No.6 chromosome formed two blocks, with the range being 51 kb and 21 kb, respectively. One of the two blocks was a haploid (CTCG) made up of rs967588, rs16873379, rs3749863 and rs6908650, with a patient/control ratio of 1.75 and a risk rate of 0.81, indicating the possibility of increased incidence rate, but with no significant difference (P=0.259). No polymorphic loci were found associated with diseases for COL6A1, BMP-2 and VDR genes. Conclusion This is the first report that SNP variation of Runx2 gene may be a reason for OPLL in the Han population in China, and there was no notable connection between the polymorphic loci of COLA1, BMP-2 and VDR and OPLL.

Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of low dose short-term tolvaptan in treatment of decompensated heart failure patients with diuretic resistance and hyponatremia. Methods The clinical data of consecutive patients with decompensated heart failure, who were admitted to Changzheng Hospital from April 2012 to March 2014, were analyzed retrospectively. Patients were assigned to receiving tolvaptan (15 mg/d × 7 d) or standard therapy (including 3%-4% hypertonic saline × 7 d). The efficacy endpoints were heart failure symptoms relief, serum sodium elevation during hospitalization and cardiovascular death at 180 d from discharge. The safety endpoint included adverse effect of thirsty, renal function impairment and symptoms of nervous system. Results A total of 37 patients met the inclusion criteria and were assigned to tolvaptan (n=16) or standard therapy (n=21). There were no significant differences between the 2 groups at baseline. The elevation of serum sodium at day 7, reduction of body weight and NT-proBNP level before discharge, and the ratio of restoration to higher than NYHA class Ⅱin the tolvaptan group were all significantly more than those in the standard therapy group (P<0.05). Tolvaptan, compared with standard therapy, significantly decreased the mean dose of furosemide, serum creatinine elevation and hospital stay (P<0.05), but failed to lower the cardiovascular mortality at 180 d follow-up. Conclusion For Chinese patients with decompensated heart failure with diuretic resistance and hyponatremia, in addition to guideline-recommended therapies for heart failure, low dose short term tolvaptan is associated with more favorable in-hospital effects and less severe adverse effects, but not with long-term cardiovascular mortality.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of biapenem in treatment of bacterial infections of the respiratory and urinary systems. Methods A total of 288 patients with infections of the respiratory and urinary system were included in this multicenter, blinded, randomized, and parallel controlled trial. The patients were randomly assigned to receive biapenem (experimental group, n = 144) ormeropenem (control group, n = 144). Results The clinical curative rates of the experimental group and control group were 95. 10% (136/143) and 92. 25% (131/142), respectively, with those for respiratory system infection being 93. 06%(67/72) and 94. 29% (66/70) and those for urinary infection being 97. 18% (69/71) and 90. 28% (65/ 72), respectively. The bacterial eradication rates in the experimental group and control group were 88. 00% (66/75) and 92.65%(63/68), respectively, with those for the respiratory infectionbeing 83. 33% (30/36) and 90. 62% (29/32) and those for urinary infection being 92. 31% (36/39) and 94. 44% (34/36), respectively. There were no significant differences between the two groups regarding the clinical curative rates or bacterial eradication rates (P>0. 05). The side-effect rate was 2. 08%(3/ 144) in the experimental group and 8. 33% (12/144) in the control group, with significant differences found between the two groups (P = 0. 030 6). Conclusion Compared to meropenem, biapenem has similar efficacy in treatment of respiratory and urinary system infection, but with study.

Objective:To observe the changes of vision and visual evoked potentials (VEP) in patients with Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) before and after gene therapy.Methods:A retrospective cohort study. From December 2017 to October 2018, 35 cases of 70 eyes of m11778G.A/MT-ND4 mutant LHON patients who were diagnosed in the Tongji Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology and received gene therapy were included in the study. There were 30 males (87.71%) and 5 females (12.29%), with the mean age of 23.31±6.72 years. The gene therapy method was intravitreal injection of rAAV2-ND4 (recombinant adeno-associated virus carrying NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit 4 gene) into one eye. The eye with poor visual acuity was chosen as the injection eye. If both eyes had the same visual acuity, the right eye was designated as the injection eye. Seventy eyes were divided into the injected eye group and the non-injected eye group, in which were both 35 eyes. The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and pattern VEP (PVEP) examinations were performed in the injected eye group and the non-injected eye group before treatment (baseline), 1, 3, and 6 months after injection. Compare the changes of BCVA and PVEP between the injected eye group and the non-injected eye group at baseline, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after injection. Independent sample t test, paired sample t test or two independent sample nonparametric test were performed to compare the two groups. Results:Compared with baseline, 1, 3, and 6 months after treatment, the BCVA of the injected eye group ( t=3.530, 4.962, 5.281; P=0.001, 0.000, 0.000) and the non-injected eye group ( t=3.288, 2.620, 2.252; P=0.002, 0.013, 0.031) increased, and the difference was statistically significant; there was no statistically significant difference between VEP IT ( tinjected eye group=-0.158, 1.046, -1.134; Pinjected eye group = 0.875, 0.303, 0.190; tnon-injected eye group=0.773, -0.607, -0.944; Pnon-injected eye group = 0.445, 0.548, 0.352) and VEP A ( Zinjected eye group=-0.504, -0.934, -1.065; Pinjected eye group = 0.614, 0.351, 0.287; Znon-injected eye group=-0.521, -0.115, -0.491; Pnon-injected eye group = 0.602, 0.909, 0.623). Conclusion:After gene therapy, the visual acuity of the injected and non-injected eyes of LHON patients improved; PVEP did not change significantly, and remained stable compared with baseline.

Objective To analyze the pathological and anatomic features of myocardial bridge (MB) using coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA), so as to deepen the understanding of MB. Methods The data of 1 658 patients with MB diagnosed by coronary CTA were retrospectively analyzed. The distribution of MB in the coronary system were analyzed, the length of mural coronary artery (MCA) and average systolic stenosis rate of different types of MB were measured, and the anatomic morphological differences of different types of MB were statistically analyzed. Results Among the 1 658 patients, 1 606 (98.86%) were single MB in single coronary artery, 9 (0.54%) were multiple MB in single coronary artery, and 43 (2.60%) were single MB in different coronary arteries. A total of 1 606 MB lesions in 1 559 cases (94.03%) were located at the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery, 87 MB lesions in 81 cases (4.88%) at the left circumflex (LCX) coronary artery, and 19 MB lesions in 18 cases (1.09%) at the right coronary artery (RCA). There were 1 244 cases (75.03%) of incomplete MB, 362 cases (21.83%) of complete MB, and 52 cases (3.14%) of complex MB with the features of both types. The length of MCA in the complex MB was significantly longer than that of the complete MB ([24.32±4.02] mm vs [16.13±1.27] mm, P<0.05). The incidence of systolic stenosis rate>50% (31.19% [388/1 244] vs 41.16% [149/362]), incidence of proximal coronary artery disease (9.41% [117/1 244] vs 35.08% [127/362]), positive rate of ischemic symptom (32.88% [409/1 244] vs 58.29% [211/362]), and positive rate of ischemic electrocardiogram (37.78% [470/1 244] vs 65.75% [238/362]) of the incomplete MB were significantly lower than those of the complete MB (all P<0.05). Conclusion MB lesions mainly locate at LAD coronary artery and are single MB in single coronary artery. MB-MCA morphology can be divided into complete, incomplete and complex types by coronary CTA, with incomplete type being the main type, and each type of MB has different clinical and morphological features.