Objective To observe the effects of sleep deprivation(SD)on learning and memory and phos-phorylated cyclic AMP responsive element binding protein(pCREB) expression in hippocampus of mice,and to explore the mechanism of cognitive change after SD. Methods Twenty female C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into sleep deprivation group(SD, n = 10) and normal cage control group (CC,n = 10). Touch method was used to establish the sleep deprivation model. 30 days after SD,all the animals were subjected for Morris Water Maze (MWM) to test mean escape latency and percentage of time spent in the target quadrant. pCREB level in hippocampus was tested with Western blot. Results The mean escape latency in SD group in the second and third day of MWM was (29.31 ±4.93) s and (25.33 ±5.06)s, respectively, and was longer than that in CC group ((26.05 ±5.96)s and (19.35 ±7. 85)s,respectively). Mice in SD group spent less time in the target quadrant than that in CC group((23.61 ±9.86)% and (37.46 ±7. 51)%,.respectively, P<0.05). Results of Western blot for pCREB revealed that the pCREB level in hippocampus in sleep deprivation group was significantly lower than that in control group(0.71 ±0.03 and 0.82 ±0.06, respectively, P<0.01) . Conclusion The impairment of spatial learning and memory ability in sleep deprivation animals may be associated with the reduction of pCREB in hippocampus.

Objective To study the effects of vancomycin-impregnated polymethylmethacrylate (VCM-PMMA) on mechanics alteration and delayed release in order to guide clinical application.Methods The specimens of bone cement (each of 40 g) were divided into 7 groups depending on mixed different contents with vancomycin,containing 0,0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0,2.5 and 3.0 g vancomycin.The compressive strength,bending strength and bending elastic moduls were measured respectively.The elution examination of vancomycin from bone cement was performed by chromatography.Results There were no differences of compressive strength before elution of bone cement that were included from 0 to 3.0 g vancomycin.When the vancomycin in the content of the bone cement attained 3.0 g,the compressive strength after elution and bending elastic were lower than those in control group(P

OBJECTIVE:To compare genetic diversity of Spatolobi caulis from different areas of Guangxi by random amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD)and inter-simple sequence repeat(ISSR). METHODS:Through using POPGENE 32 software,Ntsys software and SPSS 17.0 software,RAPD and ISSR methods were used to study genetic diversity of 9 samples of S. caulis from dif-ferent areas of Guangxi. RESULTS:After amplification of screened 3 RAPD primers and 4 ISSR primers,and there were 198 and 315 locus,and 37 and 80 polymorphism locus. Rates of polymorphism locus were 18.7% and 25.4%;the number of effective al-leles were 1.416 8 and 1.584 0;genetic diversity index were 0.269 4 and 0.351 3;Shannon diversity index were 0.431 6 and 0.529 9. All the values of ISSR marker were higher than RAPD marker. The average genetic similarity coefficient of ISSR and RAPD were 0.757 64 and 0.683 80,indicating ISSR was more sensitive for the detection of genetic diversity. The clustering result of them was close to each other. The correlation coefficient of them were 0.847,indicating very significant positive correlation at the level of 0.001. CONCLUSIONS:ISSR could reflect more information of genetic diversity than RAPD,and is more suitable for research of genetic diversity of S. caulis from different areas of Guangxi.

The immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) targeting on PD-1/PD-L1 has shown remarkable promise in treating cancers. However, the low response rate and frequently observed severe side effects limit its broad benefits. It is partially due to less understanding of the biological regulation of PD-L1. Here, we systematically and comprehensively summarized the regulation of PD-L1 from nuclear chromatin reorganization to extracellular presentation. In PD-L1 and PD-L2 highly expressed cancer cells, a new TAD (topologically associating domain) (chr9: 5,400,000-5,600,000) around CD274 and CD273 was discovered, which includes a reported super-enhancer to drive synchronous transcription of PD-L1 and PD-L2. The re-shaped TAD allows transcription factors such as STAT3 and IRF1 recruit to PD-L1 locus in order to guide the expression of PD-L1. After transcription, the PD-L1 is tightly regulated by miRNAs and RNA-binding proteins via the long 3'UTR. At translational level, PD-L1 protein and its membrane presentation are tightly regulated by post-translational modification such as glycosylation and ubiquitination. In addition, PD-L1 can be secreted via exosome to systematically inhibit immune response. Therefore, fully dissecting the regulation of PD-L1/PD-L2 and thoroughly detecting PD-L1/PD-L2 as well as their regulatory networks will bring more insights in ICB and ICB-based combinational therapy.

Objective To investigate high risk human papillomavirus(HR-HPV)prevalence among married women in Beijing and to study the high risk flactors.nethods During March 2007 to September 2008.a total of 6185 married women sampled from 137 communities in 12 districts were screened bv HR-HPV DNA test and cytogical test.The interview was carried out with unified questionnaires.The databage was set up and twice entered in EpiDam 3.0.After checked up,the data were analyzed in SPSS 15.0.Results (1) The HR-HPV infection rate was 9.89%.The HR-HPV infection rate of the city zone,the suburb and the exurb were 9.34%,10.51% and 9.51% (P>0.05).The HR-HPV infection rate of the native and the oudander were 9.53%,11.30% (P<0.05).(2) The age distribution of HR-HPV infection was that the rate was around 10% among 25 to 44 age groups,which was the highest(11.21%) in 30 to 34 age group;then the rate was descended as the age raising,the rate of 50 to 54 age group was the lowest(7.78%).(3) Multiple logistic regression showed that the related risk factors of HR-HPV infection mainly included 1000 RMB and above of family income per person per month.possessing more than 1 sexual partner of her husband,outlander and hish levels of education.(4) The prevalence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia(CIN)in HR-HPV positive group wag significantly higher than that in HR-HPV negative group(29.76% vs 3.32%,P<0.01).Conclusions(1)The HR-HPV infection rate among aged 25 to 54 years was 9.9% and there was no significant difference in area distribution.(2)The hish risk population which should strengthen screening was the married bearing-age women with high level of family income,outlander,high levels of education and her husband possessing more than 1 sexual partner.(3)HR-HPV infection is the main risk factor for CIN and cervical cancer.while does not provide a causal relationship with them.The high risk population should be checked regularly to understand the development of HR-HPV infection and CIN incidence.