Early study have been proved that Monoaminergic receptor are playing an important role in the progress of depression.At present,other receptors have been discovered which involved in the pathogenesis and treatment of depression.This paper is attempted to review the new progress of investigation into glutamate receptors,corticotropin-releasing factor receptors,neurokinin receptors and adrenocorticosteroid receptors related with depression mechanism respectively.

Recent research has revealed important potentiality for MRI in the diagnosis of breast disorders. The review describes the imaging technique, the characterization and value of breast MRI for diseases detection ,and the differentiation of benign from malignant breast diseases. Applied breast MRI correctly enhances the diagnosis of diseases, especially, breast cancer, furthermore, it brings more information to the optimal treatment.

Objective To develop a non-invasive method for diagnosis of esophageal varices in patients with cirrhosis induced by viral hepatitis.Methods The clinical data,including results of blood routine,liver function,blood coagulation and color ultrasonography,of patients with cirrhosis induced by viral hepatitis from the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University during December 2011 and December 2012 were retrospectively analyzed.Patients with hematopoietic diseases and portal vein thrombosis were excluded,and no patients received beta-blocker,endoscope band ligation,and splenectomy treatment.According to gastroscopic results,all patients were divided into no/mild group and mid/serious group.Correlations between clinical data and esophageal varices were analyzed by Logistic regression method,and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate their values for diagnosis of esophageal varices.Results Totally 96 patients were enrolled in the study,30 without or with mild esophageal varices,and 66 with mid/serious esophageal varices.There were significant differences on platelet (PLT),plateletcrit (PCT),platelet distribution width (PDW),alanine aminotransferase (ALT),aspartate aminotransferase (AST),spleen thickness (ST) and PLT/ST between no/mild group and mid/ serious group (Z/t =-2.842,-3.151,-2.549,-3.463,-3.601,-4.360and 11.877,P＜0.05 or P ＜ 0.01).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that only ST was statistically different between two groups (OR =1.127,OR 95％ confidence interval (CI):1.012-1.256,P =0.030).The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.728,and 95％ CI:0.628-0.827.With the cut off value of 52.5 mm,the sensitivity,specificity,and Youden index of ST in diagnosis of esophageal varices were 53.0％,90.0％ and 0.43,respectively.Conclusion ST measured by color ultrosonography can be used for early diagnosis of mid/serious esophageal varices.

Objectives To compare the value of different criteria (WHO, IDF and CDS criteria) on the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome (MS) in the elderly people. Methods 2 456 elderly patients admitted to General Hospital of PLA for routine physical examination during 1996 to 2005 were involved in present study. The value of different criteria (WHO, IDF and CDS criteria) on the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome (MS) was compared. Results The incidences of MS in the involved patients were 27.2%, 27.0% and 42.6%, respectively, according to WHO, IDF and CDS criteria. The diagnostic coincidence of CDS and IDF criteria was 79.0%. For the 1759 cases with the waistline data, the incidences of MS were 32.3%, 37.8% and 53.8%, respectively, according to the above three criteria. The diagnostic coincidence of CDS and IDF criteria was 76.5 %. According to the criteria of WHO, IDF and CDS, central obesity was detectable in a rate of 35.9%, 49.6% and 52.2%, respectively. Hypertension was diagnosed in a rate of 61.6%, 72.4% and 61.6%, and abnormal glucose metabolism was found in a rate of 24.9%, 40.5% and 24.9%, respectively. The most common clinical symptom complex of MS was hypertension, impaired glucose tolerance and abnormal lipid metabolism. Conclusions A higher coincidence exists between CDS and IDF criteria for MS, but the incidence of MS is higher in CDS criterion compared to WHO and IDF criteria. It is indicated that more attention should be paid on the measurement of the waistline in the elderly people. It seems more appropriate that the waistline data in CDS criterion should be modified from 85cm to 90cm for the elderly people, however, this should be verified by more epidemiological investigation.

Objective To compare the clinical efficacy of once daily regimen with Glipizide GITS (Glucotrol XL) and multiple dose regimen with Gliclazide (Diamicron) in the treatment of Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods One hundred and fifty one Chinese type 2 diabetic patients meeting the 1985 WHO diagnostic criteria were recruited from 4 clinical centers. The patients were assigned to Glipizide GITS (78 cases) or Gliclazide (73 cases) treatment group. Results The trial consisted of 1 week washout period followed by 6 week dosage regulation period and 6 week dosage maintenance period. Comparing to the baseline, HbA 1c , fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and 24 hour glucose profile levels in two groups were significantly reduced after 3 month treatment. In Glipizide GITS group, the mean reductions of blood HbA 1c and FPG level were 0.55% and 2.05 mmol/L respectively (P

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the role of compatibility on clinical efficacy action of the prescription containing Curcu-ma zedoaria,and to improve the pertinence of drug use by medical staff and clinical efficacy of C. zedoaria. METHODS:By re-viewing relevant literatures,the prescriptions containing C. zedoaria were selected to summarize the effects of compatibility on clini-cal efficacy of C. zedoaria. RESULTS:345 prescriptions containing C. zedoaria were collected,mainly including the compatibility of C. zedoaria with traditional Chinese medicine which promote the circulation of qi,activate blood and remove blood stasis,toni-fy deficiency,warm interior and clear heat. The prescriptions containing C. zedoaria with sparganii often included Rhizoma Sparga-nii and C. zedoaria,involving 219 prescriptions(13.94%). CONCLUSIONS:C. zedoaria have the effects of activating blood stag-nation,promoting the circulation of qi,removing food retention and relieving pain;different compatibility greatly influence the clinical efficacy of C. zedoaria;common couplet medicines are R. Sparganii and C. zedoaria,and it can play the role of activating blood stagnation,promoting the circulation of qi,removing food retention and relieving pain;Common Vladimiria Root combined with Rheum palmatum can promote the circulation of qi and relieve pain. Medical staff should prescribe the prescriptions and use drugs for the compatibility of C. zedoaria based on clinical demands.

In order to investigate the effects of thyroid hormone on gonadotropin secretion in rat pituitary cells,the cultured rat pituitary cells were exposed to a series of concentrations of T 3 (0, 0 001, 0 01, 0 1, 1 and 10?g/ml). rLH and rFSH were determined after exposure to of T 3 The secretion ability of pituitary cells of rats with different thyroid function was evaluated in vitro. The results showed that high concentrations of T 3 (1 and 10?g/ml) inhibited the secretion of rLH ( P

In this study the role of acute administration of naloxone on LH pulse in normal adult men was evaluated. In 4 volunteers, blood samples were drawn at 10-min intervals for 10 hours both before and after administrating naloxone respectively for measurment of LH by RIA. The administration of naloxone resulted in an increase in LH pulse frequency from 5. 50?0. 50 to 8. 25?1. 09 (P

AIM To study the antiinflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of actarit(Acta). METHODS To abserve the change of primary and secondary inflammation,immune function on adjuvant arthritis(AA) rats treated with Acta and to detect the effect of Acta on T cell subgroup in mice in vitro. RESULTS Acta(10,30,90 mg?kg -1 ) intragastric injection(ig) did not significantly inhibit primary reaction of AA in rats. But Acta(10,30,90 mg?kg -1 ?11 d) ig signifcantly inhibited secondary reaction (secondary inflammatory swelling、 multiple arthritis) of AA rats. The lowered response of ConA induced splenolytes and the decreased IL 2 synthesis were restored to normal in AA rats treated with Acta, while the elevated IL 1 released from peritoneal macrophate (PM?) was reduced. Acta(1～100 ?mol?L -1 ) could inhibit ConA induced T h cells and enhance ConA induced T s cells culture in vitro . CONCLUSION Acta do not show obvious antiinflammatory action. But Acta has therapeutic action on AA rats, which may be related to its immunomodulatory activities,mainly through modulate cell mediated immunity.

Objective:To investigate the antitumor effect of Actinidia Chinensis Planch polysaccharide(ACPS)in B16-bearing C57BL/6 mice and approach its mechanism.Methods:The C57BL/6 mice model was established by B16 subcutaneous inoculation,giving the polysaccharides from vena caudalis injection,and flow cytometer(FCM)was used to detect the distribution of tumor-cell cycle,and electron microscope was used to survey morphologic transformation about apoptosis.Results:ACPS can inhibit the growth of B16,the high,middle dose groups obviously restrained the tumor with the rate of 48.67%,40.90%and the control group 24.13%,and classical apoptosis corpuscles had been found through electron microscope in ACPS groups.Compared with control group,the ACPS promoted the spleen-index of B16-bearing mice and cut down the proliferation index,and the G1/S phase was at growth-inhibitory concentrations judged by the distributing analysis on cell-cycle.Conclusion:ACPS had obvious effect of restraining B16 and promoting the spleen index of tumor-bearing mice,which maybe due to its function of regulating immunization and the distributing of cell-cycle.