The values of vitamin E in serum were decreased significantly in rats with 15% BSA III burn from 1.5 hours to 7 days postburn, and then restored gradually, while the levels of lipid peroxides in serum and lung were increased from 1.5 hours to 3 days. The activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathine peroxidase in blood were also decreased after burns, the former remaining low within 14 days and the latter restoring after 7 days postburn. After intraperitoneal injection of vitamin E to the burned rats, the overproduction of lipid peroxides in serum and lung was inhibited with inhibition rates of 28% and 31%, respectively. No more pathological changes of ultrastructural picture were observed in lung of the burned rats supplemented with vitamin E as compared to the control. The results showed that it was beneficial to supply vitamin E in treatment of burns as soon as possible.

Objective: To investigate the effects of peripheral leptin infusion on metabolism in ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) lesioned obese rats. Methods: Four groups were prepared: (1) VMH lesioned rats with infusion of leptin, (2) VMH lesioned rats with infusion of saline, (3) sham VMH lesioned rats with infusion of leptin and (4) sham VMH lesioned rats with infusion of saline. After VMH lesion and sham operations, a mini pump filled with either leptin or saline was implanted into the back of rats. Body weight and food intake were recorded daily. Seven days later, all rats were sacrificed after overnight fast. Blood samples were collected for determination of glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol, insulin and leptin. Perimetric fat pad (PFD) was isolated and weighed. Pancreas was embedded by paraffin and sectioned, and performed by immunostaining with proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) for study of the proliferative activity of insular cells. Results: In sham operated groups, food intake and increased body weight decreased significantly in rats with leptin infusion than those without leptin infusion. No similar findings were observed in VMH lesioned rats. Plasma insulin, triglyceride and total cholesterol in the rats with leptin infusion regardless of VMH lesion or sham operations were decreased when compared with their controls. In respect to PFD, two VMH lesioned groups did not differ, but two sham operated groups differed. Positive PCNA rate in VMH lesioned rats receiving leptin declined significantly. Conclusion: Leptin regulations of food intake, body weight and body fat are dependent upon intact VMH. Peripheral infusion of leptin decreases plasma triglyceride and total cholesterol in VMH lesioned rats.

Objective: To investigte the lipogenic and lipolytic metabolism at dynamic phase of obesity in ventromedial hypothalamus-lesioned obese rats. Methods: Female SD rats were divided into two groups, one group received bilateral electrolytic lesions of ventromedial hypothalamus(VMH),and the other one was used as sham control. Samples of blood, livers and subcutaneous, parametric and mesenteric adipose tissues were collected one week after VMH lesions and sham operations. Results: Activities of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein(MTP) in hepatocytes, and phosphatidate phosphohydrolase (PAP), malic enzyme(ME), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase(G6PDH)in liver, parametric and mesenteric adipose tissue in VMH-lesioned rats were increased as compared to their sham counterparts. Activity of hormone sensitive enzyme(HSL) in parametric and mesenteric adipose tissue in VMH-lesioned rats was not changed when compared to sham group. Activity of HSL in subcutaneons adipose tissue was increased, while activity of HSL in gastrocnemius was decreased. Activity of lipoprotein lipase(LPL) in parametric and mesenteric adipose tissue and gastrocnemius were enhanced significantly compared to sham group. Conclusion: In dynamic phase of obesity of VMH-lesioned rats, hepatic production and transportation of triglyceride in these rats were increased significantly ,and lipogenic metabolism and storage of triglyceride in adipose tissues such as parametric and mesenteric adipose tissues were also enhanced.Meanwhile, lipolytic metabolism in subcutaneous adipose tissue and gastrocnemius was also increased.

Objective: To investigate activities of lipo-related enzymes in ventromedial hypothalamic obese rats at acute phase in fed state. Methods: Female SD rats were divided into two groups, one group received bilateral electrolytic lesions of ventromedial hypothalamus(VMH), and another one was used as sham control. Samples of blood, livers, and subcutaneous, parametric and mesenteric adipose tissues ,and gastrocnemius were collected one week after VMH lesions and sham operations in fed state. Results: Serum insulin in VMH group was higher than that in sham group, meanwhile serum free fatty acids in VMH group were lower (P

Eleven old male patients with hyperuricemia were collected ( hyperuricemia group,65-90 years old ).10 healthy middle-aged males ( middle-aged group,30-40 years old) and 10 healthy old males ( older group 60-70 years old ) with normal blood uric acid level were used as controls.All of the subjects were given low purine content diet ( 250 mg/d ) for 3 days followed by high purine content diet ( 800 mg/d ) consecutively for another three days.The samples of fasting blood and 24 h urine were collected for assay.The results showed that there were no significant changes of serum uric acid ( UA ) concentration in three groups after low purine content diet.But the levels of serum UA in three groups all increased significantly after high purine content diet,and the change was higher in hyperuricemia group than middle-aged group [ ( 507.7 ± 108.1 vs 378.9 ± 80.1 ) μmol/L,P＜0.05 ].24 h urine uric acid excretion in three groups was all significantly decreased after low purine content diet and increased after high purine content diet.After high purine content diet,24 h urine uric acid was lower in hyperuricemia group than middle-aged group [ ( 2.99 ± 1.21 vs 3.62 ± 1.02 ) mmol/24 h,P＜0.05 ].Blood urea nitrogen levels in all subjects decreased after low purine content diet and increased after high purine content diet ( P＜0.05 or P＜0.01 ).Creatinine clearance rate in hyperuricemia group was decreased after high purine content diet compared with baseline [ (75.3 ± 20.3 vs 80.7 ±20.0) ml/min ],and there were no significant changes in other groups after low and high purine content diet.24 h urine protein in hyperuricemia group was higher than middle-aged group ( P＜0.05 ),and increased after high purine content diet with significant difference ( P＜0.05 ).These results suggest that high purine content diet and decreased by renal uric acid clearance mainly contribute to hyperuricemia in old people.

Objective To investigate the effects of medium-and long-chain fatty acid triacylglycerols on blood lipid in hyperltriacylglycerolemic subjects. Method A case-control clinical trial was carried out,in which 112 subjects with hypertriacylglycerolemia were enrolled and divided into two groups. These two groups were randomized to long-chain fatty acid triacylglycerol oil(LCT) ,and medium-and long-chain fatty acid triacylglycerol oil(MLCT) . All subjects were requested to ingest fixed energy intake and perform physical activity daily during the whole study. Both of the oils were asked to consume at 25-30g daily for consecutive 8w. Anthropometric measurements and blood biochemical variables were measured at the initial and final time of the study. Results Eleven subjects were excluded from the study because of various reasons. There were 50 and 51 subjects left in LCT and MLCT group,respectively. No difference of sex distribution was noted between two groups. There were also no significant differences in daily intake of energy,protein,fat and carbohydrate,as well as daily physical activity time between two groups at 0,2,4,6 and 8w. The subjects consuming MLCT demonstrated significant decreasesin body weight,BMI,WC,HC,WHR,body fat,body fat % compared with the initial values after 8w. A greater extent of decrease in body weight,BMI,WC,body fat and body fat% was found in MLCT group than in LCT group. The levels of TG,ApoB,ApoAII,ApoC2,ApoC3 in MLCT group were significantly lower than those in LCT group after 8 w,and the extent of decrease in these indicators was much greater in the former than in the latter. Conclusion Consumption of medium-and long-chain fatty acid oil may help to reduce body weight,body fat and concentration of blood triacylglycerol and improve apolipoprotein metabolism in hypertriacylgly cerolemic subjects under an appropriate dietary regime.

Objective To compare the effects of oil with medium-long-chain triacylglycerols (MLCT) on lipid metabolism in hypertriglyceridemic patients with different sex. Method One hundred and one subjects with hypertriglyceridemia were enrolled and divided into two groups. One group consumed oil with MLCT (50 subjects) and another group with long-chain fatty acid triglyceride LCT (51 subjects) for 8 w. No sex difference was noted between two groups. All subjects were informed to consume 25-30g oils daily with fixed energy and perform exercise informed. Anthropometric measurements of body weight,waist circumference (WC) body fat weight, total visceral and subcutaneous fat area in abdomen and blood biochemical variables of aspartate amino- transferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), glucose, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1), ApoB, ApoAⅡ, ApoC2, ApoC3 and ApoE were measured at initial and final time of the experiment. Results The decreases in body weight, BMI, WC, body fat weight, total and subcutaneous fat area, and blood TG, LDL-C, ApoAⅡ, ApoB, ApoC2, ApoC3, ApoE in male subjects consuming MLCT were much greater than those consuming LCT after 8 w. However, there were no significant differences in these parameters in female subjects between two groups. Conclusion Consumption of oil with MLCT reduces body weight, body fat and blood TG and improves apolipoprotein metabolism in male hypertriacylglycerolemic subjects, but not in female.

Objective: To investigate the effects of genistein (Gen) on bone turnover in ovariectomized rats. Methods: Forty-seven Wistar rats were randomly allocated into six groups: sham-operated (sham), ovarietomized (ovx), ovarietomized plus diethyl stilbestrol [E, 20?g/(kg bw?d)] or Gen [25、50、100 mg/(kg bw?d)] administration. After the rats had been fed for 3 mo,bone mineral density (BMD), histomorphometric parameters, the serum concentration of osteocalcin (BGP) and urinary contents of pyridine and hydroxyproline (HYPRO) were analysed. Results: BMD, trabecular bone volume (TBV) and mean trabecular plate density (MTPD) of ovariectomized rats were significantly decreased, but serum concentrations of BGP,urinary contents of deoxypyridinoline and HYPRO and mean trabecular plate space (MTPS) increased compared with the sham. After 3 mo of Gen supplementation, TBV,MTPD and urinary deoxypyridinoline were improved significantly in ovariectomized rats. Conclusion: Genistein reduced bone loss in ovariecromized rats by suppressing bone metabolism and osteoclast activity.

Objective: To investigate the effects of green tea polysaccharides (TPs) on glucose metabolism and the activity of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-?) in KKAy type 2 diabetic mice. Methods: Glucose tolerance test, fasting and postprandial glucose, gluconeogenesis, and insulin sensitivity were investigated in type 2 diabetic mice with orally administered TPs at the dose of 500mg/kg for 4-10 w. Effect of TPs on activity of PPAR-? was tested in vitro. Results: TPs could not only improve glucose tolerance, but also reduce fasting and postprandial blood glucose. In addition, TPs could inhibit gluconeogenesis and enhance insulin sensitivity in KKAy diabetic mice. TPs had also an effect of activating of PPAR-? with dose-response. Conclusion: TPs have beneficial effect of lowering blood glucose in KKAy type 2 diabetic mice, which may be induced by enhancing insulin sensitivity by activating of PPAR-?.