BACKGROUND:There are less reports about the external use of recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) hydrogel to repair thick skin graft donor sites. By now, relevant self-control studies have not been retrieved. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of rhGM-CSF on the repair of thick skin graft donor sites. METHODS:Sixty patients with burns and scar hyperplasia undergoing autologous thick skin grafting were enroled, 47 males and 13 females, aged 18-65 years. The thigh was selected as donor sites. According to the depth of donor sites, the patients were divided into 0.4 mm and 0.55 mm groups, with 30 cases in each group. Wounds on the symmetric areas with equal area and same depth were selected or wounds with same depth were selected and divided equaly. The wounds were randomly assigned into treatment group and control group. The treatment group was treated with rhGM-CSF hydrogel externaly; the control group was only given vaseline dressing. At postoperative 3, 7, 10, 14 days, the fresh dressing was changed. Then, the wound appearance, healing time, healing rate and adverse effects were observed in the two groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:At 14 days after operation, the wound surface was smoother and the pigmentation was relatively less in the treatment group compared with the control group; the degree of wound pain
was less in the treatment group than the control group during dressing change (P < 0.05). At 10 and 14 days after operation, the healing rate and healing time were better in the treatment group than the control group (P < 0.05). No general malaise or hypersensitivity cases were reported, and local issue hyperplasia was also not found. Al the above indicate that the external use of the rhGM-CSF hydrogel can evidently shorten the healing time and improve the healing condition when it is applied in the thick skin graft donor sites.

Objective To investigate the relation between different glucose metabolism status and the IL‐6 and IL‐18 levels . Methods The pre‐diabetes group ,type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) group and healthy control group(NC) were selected with 30 ca‐ses in each group .Fasting venous blood was collected for detecting fasting plasma glucose (FPG) ,triglyceride(TG) ,total cholester‐ol (TC) ,low‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol (LDL‐C) and high‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol (HDL‐C) levels .Serum IL‐6 and IL‐18 levels were measured by adopting the enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) .Results The IL‐6 and IL‐18 levels in pre‐diabetes and T2DM groups were significant increased compared with those in the NC group ,the difference was statistically signifi‐cant (P<0 .01) .The IL‐6 level was positively correlated with FPG ,TG and IL‐18(P<0 .05) ,the IL‐18 level was positively correla‐ted with FPG ,TG and IL‐6(P<0 .05) .But IL‐6 and IL‐18 were negatively correlated with HDL‐C(P<0 .05) ,however ,had no cor‐relation with TC and LDL‐C (P>0 .05) .Conclusion IL‐6 and IL‐8 participated in the pathogenesis of T2DM ,their serum concen‐trations can be used as the evaluation indexes of pre‐diabetes screening and reverse intervention effect .

From the psychology point of view, the stroke patients have the cognitive process from sensation, perception to image and memory on spasticity, limbs synergic movement and normal movement when having rehabilitation. While treating the patients with Bobath or Brunnstrom therapy, the patients' motion perception and thinking memory should be promoted. Because the rehabilitation of body movement and psychological perception activity are influenced each other and inseparable.

Objective To investigate the impact of renal function and insulin resistance on serum total homocysteine(tHcy) levels in aged diabetic patients with nephropathy. Methods Serum tHcy, blood glucose, lipids, renal function, serum insulin were measured for 98 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes and 36 normal control subjects. Results (1) Serum tHcy levels were significantly higher in diabetic group than in control group [(17.2?7.6) ?mol/L vs (9.4?3.5)?mol/L,P

Objective:To explore the vailation of serum sP-selectin,sE-selectin,levels in the patients of pre-diabetic,simple type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and T2DM with coronary heartdisease(CAD).To investigate the possible mechanism that sP-selectin, sE-selectin accelerate type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods: Level of serum sP-selectin, sE-selectin was assayed by ELISA in type 2 diabetes with or without coronary heart disease (32 and 34 cases respectively),pre-diabetic (32 cases) and control group(32 cases). Meanwhile BMI,BP,FBS,FINS,TG,CHO,HDL-C,LDL-C,HbA1C were determined in all cases as well as in control group.Results:The serum levels of sP-selectin and sE-selectin in pre-diabetic,type 2 diabetes mellitus with or without coronary heart disease groups were significantly higher than the control group ( P<0.01 ).There was significant positive correlation between serum levels of sP-selectin,sE-selectin and these items including FBG ,FINS,TG,HbA1C,HOMA-IR(P<0.01);but sE-selectin was negatively correlated with HDL-C (P<0.05).Conclusion:sP-selectin,sE-selectin,are risk factors in the initiation and progression of pre-diabetic,type 2 diabetes with or without coronary heart disease;sP-selectin and sE-selectin possibly accelerate type 2 diabetes by inducing insulin resist-ance.

Objective: To observe the effect of Weiyanyin on Motilin (MOT) in blood plasma of experiment bile reflux gastritis rats. Methods: To make the model of experiment bile reflux gastritis by drinking reflux liquid, compared with Domperidone.The effect of Weiyanyin on Pathological histology and MOT in blood plasma of bile reflux gastritis rats was observed. Results: The mucosal of rats in model group was damaged, amotic, and a lot of inflammatory cell could be seen, glandular organ hyperplasy and intestinal metaplasia in most of rats; At the same time the content of the MOT was decreased; Compared with model group, Weiyanyin could improve pathological histology of experiment bile reflux gastritis rats, and increase the content of MOT(P

Objective To observe the effects of icarisid Ⅱ (ICS Ⅱ)on cognitive deficits and expression of synaptophysin(SYN)in chronic cerebral hypoperfusion(CCH)rat models.Methods 40 male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups:normal group,sham operation group,model group and ICSⅡgroup.The model was established by permanent bilateral common carotid artery occlusion(BCCAO).ICS Ⅱ group was administered ICS Ⅱ at a dose of 8mg·kg -1 ·d -1 by gavage on 1st day after modeling.Sham group and CCH group were injected double -distilled water.The escape latency(s)and spatial probe times were measured by water maze test.Then,the morphology change and expression of SYN in hippocampal were assayed by HE and immunohistochemistry analysis.Results At the 1st month and 2nd month,the escape latency in the model group[(40.02 ±4.95)s,(42.29 ±5.75)s]were significantly prolonged compared with the sham operation group[(26.43 ±2.68)s,(26.84 ±2.06)s](t =4.89,5.06,all P <0.05).And those in the ICS Ⅱ group[(30.58 ±3.03)s,(29.19 ±4.23)s]were significantly decreased compared with the model group(t =3.63,4.10,all P <0.05).The space probe times in the model group[(2.6 ±0.89)times, (2.40 ±1.14)times]were significantly reduced compared with the sham operation group[(6.00 ±2.16)times, (5.75 ±2.16)times](t =3.23,4.18,P <0.05).And those in the ICS Ⅱ group[(4.40 ±1.34)times,(5.00 ± 1.58)times]were significantly increased compared with the model group (t =2.49,2.98,all P <0.05).The average optical density of SYN in hippocampal in the model group[CA1:(0.121 ±0.009),(0.122 ±0.008);CA3:(0.172 ± 0.028),(0.173 ±0.021 )]were significantly reduced compared with the sham operation group[CA1:(0.131 ± 0.006),(0.136 ±0.007);CA3:(0.218 ±0.035),(0.204 ±0.018)](t =2.43,2.53,3.12,2.34,P <0.05). Those in the ICS Ⅱ group[CA1:(0.131 ±0.006),(0.132 ±0.006);(0.212 ±0.02),(0.208 ±0.022)]were significantly increased compared with model group(t =2.41,2.41,2.31,2.77,all P <0.05).However,there was no statistically significant difference of those index between the normal group and sham operation group(P >0.05 ). Conclusion ICS Ⅱ can improve the cognitive deficits in CCH rat models and this effect may be associated with increased expressions of SYN in hippocampal.

Aim To establish a LC-MS/MS method for the determination of pirfenidone(BT)and its major metabolite 5-carboxy-pirfenidone(SBT)in human plasma.Methods Human plasma samples containing BT and SBT,as well as their corresponding deuterium-labeled internal standards pirfenidone-d5(dBT)and 5-carboxy-pirfenidone-d5(dSBT),were precipitated using methanol.Chromatographic separation was carried out on an Agilent ZORBAX SB C18(3.0 mm×100 mm,3.5 μm)column with the mobile phase of water(0.5％formic acid)and acetonitrile(50/50).The detection of analytes was performed on a tandem mass system equipped with an electrospray ionization source in positive ion mode using multiple-reaction monitoring.The MS/MS ion transitions monitored were m/z 185.958→77.1 for BT,m/z 215.944→77.0 for SBT,m/z 190.965→81.1 for dBT and m/z 220.948→99.1 for dSBT.Results There was no remarkable interference in blank solvent,plasma,and there was no mutual interference between analytes or internal standards.The proposed method showed good linearity over the concentration range of 0.020 59～25.14 mg·L-1 for BT and 0.016 73～20.42 mg·L-1 for SBT.The intra-batch and inter-batch precision and accuracy were proved to be acceptable.Human samples kept stable after 4 h at room temperature,the three freeze-thaw cycles and 10,29 and 52 days at-70 ℃,and the processed samples remained stable after 24 h in the autosampler.The average extraction recovery and matrix effect were precise,reproducible and acceptable.Conclusion Our current LC-MS/MS method is proved to be sensitive,accurate and convenient,and could be suitable for the clinical pharmacokinetic studies of BT-related preparations.

A liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometer(LC-Q/TOF-MS) based urinary metabolomic approach was employed to assess the toxicity-alleviation effect of Huangqi oral solution(HOs) on cisplatin-exposed rats and explore its possible mechanisms. Rat toxicity model was developed by multiple intraperitoneal injection of low-dose cisplatin, while HOs was orally administrated to rats simultaneously for 16 consecutive days to attenuate or reduce the cisplatin-induced toxicity. 24-hour urine samples on day 18 were collected and analyzed using LC-Q/TOF-MS to obtain the dataset of urinary metabolites. Principal component analysis(PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA) were employed to assess the quality of the dataset and screen the potential toxicity-alleviation biomarkers. The serum level of rat creatinine and urea nitrogen on day 20 was determined, and the results showed that successive administration of HOs significantly reduced the cisplatin-induced increase of creatinine and urea nitrogen. PCA cluster analysis clearly demonstrated that HOs could partly improve the CDDP-induced abnormality of metabolic profiling. 35 urinary metabolites were finally screened as the potential biomarkers associated with the toxicity-attenuation effect of HOs, according to the combination of the analysis results of OPLS-DA, t-test and fold change analysis. Further metabolic pathway analysis revealed that HOs could restore the metabolic disorders of amino acid, energy and nucleotide, thereby exerted its toxicity-alleviation effect.

Objective To investigate the variations of glomerular function in rabbits with partial unilateral ureteral obstruction (PUUO). Methods Thirty healty adult Japanese White Rabbits were randomly divided into the control group (6 rabbits) and the obstruction group (24 rabbits). The right PUUO model was established according to Cheng′s method. According to the PUUO duration, they were eaqually divided into four subgroups:the 7 day PUUO group, the 14 d PUUO group, the 28 d PUUO group and the 56 d PUUO group. The dynamic renal imaging was performed on all rabbits, and the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was also calculated. The correlation between the renal function and PUUO duration was analyzed , and functional variations in the healthy kidneys were observed. Results (1)To the control group, no significant difference in the renal function was found between the left and the right kidneys (t = -0.145, P = 0.894). However, to the PUUO group, the right renal GFRs were significantly lower than the left renal GFRs (P < 0.05). (2) To the right renal GFR, significant difference was observed between the 7 day PUUO group and the control group (t = 5.066, P = 0.001),but not among the 7 day PUUO group, the 14 day PUUO group, the 28 day and the 56 day PUUO group (P > 0.05), (3)No significant differences were found in the left renal GFRs among the five groups. Conclusions The function of PUUO kidneys is characterized by an obvious decrease in the early stage, followed with a steady state. The basic function of the opposite healthy kidney does not present the compensation phenomenon.