BACKGROUND:Titanium has been widely used in dental implantation because of its good biocompatibility, mechanical properties and its similar elastic modulus to the bone. OBJECTIVE:To summarize three strategies for surface modification of titanium implants:physical modification, chemical modification and biochemical modification. METHODS:PubMed and CNKI databases were searched for articles published from January 2007 to February 2013, and the key words were“titanium, implant, surface modification, osseointegration”in English and Chinese, respectively. Articles which are closely related to titanium implant surface modification and osseointegration were included, and repetitive articles were removed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After preliminary search, 199 articles were found. According to the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria, 76 articles were further analyzed. Titanium implant is a bioinert material, and thus the researchers focus on surface modification to activate the titanium implant so as to possess biological function and achieve early osseointegration. Implant surface modification strategies include three perspectives:physical modification, chemical modification and biochemical modification which can shorten the period of implant therapy and achieve early osseointegration and higher binding strength. The future research trend is to combine three strategies and to further explore the molecular basis of mechanism at the interface between implant and organism cel and the tissue in order to use better surface modification technology to fulfil the early and more stable osseointegration between the implant and bone tissue.

Objective To explore the relationship between the loss of the heterozygosity of nm23-H_1 and the lymph node metastasis in no-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods The loss of the heterozygosity of nm23-H_1 gene of cancer tissue and peri-cancerous tissue was detected in 39 patients with NSCLC by Southern blotting. Results The heterozygosity gene of nm23-H_1 is 7.6 kb and 2.3 kb. The LOH rate of the patients with lymph node metastasis (48%, 12/25) was higher than those without lymph node involvement (8%, 1/11) (P

0.05).The ENaC-? mRNA and protein expression level in A549 cells in 6,12 and 24 h after treatment with ulinastatin (at the concentration of 5 000 U/ml) + TNF-? was significantly increased compared with that after treatment with TNF-? (P

Objective To investigate the effects of adenosine receptor A2a on the expression of epithelial sodium channel ?-subunit (?-ENaC) in alveolar epithelium A549 cells and the effects of adenosine receptor A2a in acute lung injury/aute respiratory distress syndrome. Methods After alveolar epithelium A549 Cells were incubated with 0,0.1,1,10 and 100 ?mol/L adenosine receptor A2a agonist CGS-21680 for 8 h or with 100 ?mol/L CGS-21680 for 0,1,4,8,24 and 48 h respectively,the mRNA and protein levels of ?-ENaC were determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot analysis respectively. Results After A549 cells were incubated with CGS-21680 at different doses for 8 h,the mRNA and protein levels of ?-ENaC were elevated significantly at 0.1 ?mol/L CGS-21680 treatment compared with the control group (P

BACKGROUND:Nanostructure formation on titanium surface by anodic oxidation has good biocompatibility with bone tissue. OBJECTIVE:To observe the surface morphology and crystal ine constitution of nanopores microstructure on titanium surface formed by anodic oxidation and to further observe its influence on the MC3T3-E1 osteoblast cells’ biological behavior and the gene expression of osteoprotegerin. METHODS:Nanopores forming on titanium surface by anodic oxidation was prepared as experimental group and polished titanium as control group (12 samples for each group). Mouse MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts were co-cultured with polished pure titanium plate group and anodic oxidation nanopores group. After 7 days of inoculation, cellmorphology was observed using scanning electron microscopy, MTT method was used for the cellproliferation test and the growth curve was made. Gene expression of osteoprotegerin was also detected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After anodic oxidation, a homogeneous and uniform array of nanopores formed;however it had no significant influence on the crystal ine phase of the titanium sample surfaces. Titanium surface with nanopore structure was more favorable than polished titanium surface for cellattachment and spreading. cells on the anodized surface with nanopores had higher celldensity and bigger metal coverage area. cells on the nanopores surface also exhibited a polygonal shape with many filopodia extending in al directions. MTT method showed that the anodized nanopore surface had higher cellamount than the as-polished titanium, and the former was about 1.4 times of the latter group after 7 days of culture. The gene expression level of osteoprotegerin in the MC3T3-E1 cells cultured on anodized titanium surface with nanopores was significantly higher than that on the as-polished titanium (P<0.01). The anodic oxidation treatment is more advantageous for the osteoblasts adhesion and gene expression of osteoprotegerin, thereby promoting the growth of osteoblasts.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effects and clinical classification of occlusal rehabilitation in elderly patients with abnormal occlusion, and to discuss the diagnosis principles and the practical techniques of the dental prosthesis for occlusal rehabilitation. Methods Forty two elderly patients with abnormal occlusion were treated with occlusal rehabilitation with fixed dentures, fixed-removable dentures and removable partial dentures. Eight patients among them simultaneously had temporomandibular joint(TMJ) disorder. After the clinical procedures including examination, diagnosis, prosthesis design, manufacture, application of occlusal rehabilitation and post-treatment evaluation, the using condition of dentures, patients' satisfaction ratings, TMJ functions and abutment teeth healthy status were examined before and after treatment. Results All the patients were satisfied with their dentures' general functions 1 year after treatment. Compared with the removable partial dentures, the other two types of prosthesis showed better clinical outcomes (χ2=4.15,P<0.05) and compacts on phonation of the dentures (χ2=4.71,P<0.05). In the 8 patients with TMJ disorder, 7 cases were cured completely. The treatment effects of TMJ pain (χ2=0.031, P<0.05)and TMJ click (χ2=0.038, P<0.05)had statistical differences. 30 teeth of the 203 abutment teeth (14.8%) had the problems of periodontal diseases and secondary caries and the incidences of these problems were higher in using removable partial dentures treatment than in the other two methods. Conclusions After the systematic diagnosis and the prosthesis design procedures of occlusal rehabilitation, it is important to choose a proper prostheses for the elderly patients according to their physical and psychological features, which may give the patients satisfactory results.

BACKGROUND:Finite element analysis has been widely used for the research of bone and joint biomechanics, but the reports about finite element analysis of distal tibial articular surface defect are rare at home and abroad. OBJECTIVE:To establish ankle three-dimensional finite element model, produce distal tibial articular surface defects with different areas, and to simulate the distal tibial articular surface deformation and displacement under the different phases, thus predict the maximum al owable degree of distal tibial articular surface defect and explore the mechanics pathogenesis of ankle traumatic arthritis. METHODS:Continuous tomographic images were obtained by multi-slice spiral CT scan of a normal adult male ankle, and then the images were imported into the Mimics medicine modeling software to generate a entity model;the large general-purpose finite element analysis software ANSYS 13.0 was used for meshing, material property assignment and generating a finite element model. Restricted boundary conditions and simulated ankle distal end axial force, and then the stress distribution and displacement results of distal tibial articular surface in different phases were obtained. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The total number of units of the established finite element model of ankle joint was 157 990, and the total number of nodes was 193 801. On three phases, with the increase of the distal tibial defect area, the contact area was gradual y decreased, especial y in plantar flexion with the defect diameter of 13 mm, the change of the area was most obvious;The contact area of the neutral position was largest;with the increase of the distal tibial defect area in the neutral position and dorsiflexion, the peak stress was increased gradual y, and significantly increased after the diameter changed into 11-13 mm;in the neutral position and 10° of dorsiflexion, the peak stress mainly concentrated in the posteromedial and posterolateral quadrant;in 10° of plantar flexion, the change was complex, and when the diameter was 11-13 mm, the peak stress was increased gradual y with the increasing of defect area, when the diameter increased to 13 mm, the peak stress reached maximum. The maximum diameter of distal tibial articular surface defect was considered to be 11-13 mm. The joint function wil be affected when the diameter of distal tibial articular cartilage and bone bed defects was more than 11-13 mm.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the correlative factors that would affect the prognosis of geriatric lower respiratory infection.METHODS A total of 101 geriatric patients diagnosed as lower respiratory infection were enrolled in emergency ICU.The laboratory tests such as blood chemical tests,C-reactive protein,and troponin T(cTnT)were obtained twice 2 hours and 24 hours after admission,respectively.Other parameters including general condition,clinical outcomes as well as APACHE Ⅱ and SIRS scores within 24 hours were recorded.RESULTS The ages,cTnT and SIRS score were negatively correlated to clinical outcome.CONCLUSIONS The ages,SIRS scores and cTNT levels are independent prognostic factors in geriatric lower respiratory infection.

Objective To study effect and significance of systemic inflammatory response syndrome(SIRS) score and APACHE Ⅱ score in prognosis in severe patients of emergency department.Methods Data of 114 patients were collected at admission.SIRS score and APACHEⅡ score were calculated in 24 hours.To analyze mortality of patients in different score,to estimate dependability of them.Result With SIRS score increasing,mortality rate increased as well and patients with SIRS score ≥2 or APACHE Ⅱ score ≥25 had significantly higher mortality rate.Conclusions SIRS score is a simple,useful predictor of outcome in patients of emergency department.It can be used in clinical generally.

BACKGROUND: Nanohydroxyapatite reinforced polyamide 66 (n-HA/PA66) prepared using the novel process based on nanohydroxyapatite (n-HA) sol may promote the biocompatibility due to the well distribution of n-HA in the polyamide66 (PA66) matrix and chemical bond at organic-inorganic interface, n-HA/PA66 composite has been proposed as a premising bone repair biomaterial.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the biocompatibility of the novel material both in vitro and in vivo.METHODS: Primarily cultured osteoblasts were co-cultured with n-HA/PA66 and PA66. The cell attachment and morphology were studied using phase contrast light microscope (PCLM) and field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM).Moreover, n-HA/PA66 pins, with PA66 pins as control, were implanted into the right and left (control group) shinbone shafts of the rabbits, respectively. Materials were harvested at weeks 2, 8 and tissue sections were observed.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION- n-HA/PA66 and PA66 exhibited no cytotoxicity with osteoblasts, while the cellular morphology near the samples was better in the test group than in the control one. Moreover, the cell density attached on n-HA/PA66 was higher than that on PA66 and the cell number were especially different after co-culturing for 3 days (P < 0.01 ). The osteoblasts at the interface between the host bone and n-HA/PA66 also had a higher activity during the earlier period after implantation.Meanwhile the bone formation process was faster and effective in the experimental group. Results suggested that n-HA/PA66 prepared base on the n-HA sol has a better biocompatibility as compared with PA66.