Objective:To investigate the relationship between the prevalence of anemia and New York Heart Association(NYHA) class in patients with chronic heart failure(CHF),and to assess the influence of hemoglobin(Hb) on patients' mortality.Methods: Totally 1 415 patients with CHF were retrospectively analyzed and the patients with secondary anemia or other serious conditions were excluded.Multivariable logistic analysis was used to assess the effect of Hb level on hospital mortality.Results: Among 1 415 patients,413(29.2%) were found to have anemia(Hb

Objective To investigate the therapeutic efficacy of surgical treatment of myocardial bridge. Methods Fifteen patients with myocardial bridge had been treated in our hospital from January 1999 to October 2006. Thirteen patients who had typical angina had been treated regularly by medication, but their symptom remission was not satisfactory. One patient suffered from acute myocardial infarction, and another 1 patient complained of palpitation and syncope. All the patients were given surgical treatment. Surgical strategies included minimally invasive off-pump surgery in 9 patients (supraarterial myotomy in 3 patients, coronary artery bypass grafting in 2, and coronary artery bypass grafting with supraarterial myotomy in 4) and on-pump surgery in 6 patients (coronary artery bypass grafting with supraarterial myotomy in 5 patients and supraarterial myotomy in 1). Results All the operations were successfully completed. The operative duration of off-pump and on-pump surgery was 2.8?1.9 h and 3.5?1.7 h, respectively. The extracorporeal circulation time was 59?37 min. No surgery related death or complications occurred. At 3 months after operation, all the patients were free from symptoms, and electrocardiogram returned to normal in 11 patients. During a follow-up for 0.5~7 years (1.9?1.2 years), recurrent palpitation was seen in 1 patient and others reported no angina. Conclusions Surgical treatment of myocardial bridge has good immediate and long-term results.

ObjectiveTo investigate the roles of apoptosis and express io n of PCNA in human vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque.MethodsAp optosis was detected by TUNEL.Expessions of PCNA were detected in samples of vul nerable plagues From 23 cases of coronary heart disease.by SP immunohistochemica l technique.ResultsThe expession level of PCNA in the smooth m uscle cells (SMCs) on fibrous cap region was significantly elevated than that of the other three regions.The expession level of PCNA in the inflammatory cells ( ICs) on fibrous cap and shoulder region were significantly elevated than that of the other two regions.The amount of apoptosis in the SMCs on lipid-rich core wa s much more than that of the other three regions.The amount of apoptosis in the ICs on lipid-rich core was more than the other three regions.The expression leve ls of PCNA in fibrous cap and shoulder were significantly higher than TUNEL posi tive cell (P

The authors used immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization to observe the expression of the p16 and Rb mRNA and protein levels in 89 cases of lung cancer. The results showed that the loss of p16 gene expression took place mainly in non small cell lung cancer, and loss of Rb gene expression mainly in small cell lung cancer. The expression of these genes on protein level fundamentally corresponded with mRNA level. It is suggested that the expression of these two genes are related to the histological type of lung cancer, and the p16 and Rb genes can be considered as one of molecular biological targets for gene classification diagnosis. There may exist a mechanism at gene translation level which leads to the inactivation of the p16 and Rb genes.

Objective To reseach the time point of the highest percentage of neural precursor cells derived from adipose stromal cells (ADSCs) in vitro, and to observe the ultrastructure features of neural precursor cells. Methods Used the β-mercaptoethanol to induce ADSCs to differentiate into neural precursor cells and neuron-like cells. The morphology of the uninductedcells and inducted cells were observed with inverted phase contrast microscope. The expression of nestin which was the marker of neural precursor cell in each group was detected using immunofluorescence staining method. The ultrastructural feature of cells which was induced for 3 hours were observed. Results The highest ratio of positive expression of nestin was 3 hours following induction,with the ratio ( 86.25 ± 4.82) %. There were many protuberance on the cell membrane under transmission electron microscopy.There were plenty of organelles in the neural precursor cells. The neural precursor cells had a large size nucleus,large nucleoplasmic index, much extended chromatin,and less condensed chromatin. The nucleus had double-layer nuclear envelope, more nuclear pore on the nuclear envelope. Conclusion The time point of the highest percentage of neural precursor cells derived from ADSCs is 3 hours,and the ultrastructral feature of induced neural precursor cells confirm that cells at this time point are in a state of split active period.

AIM: To investigate the effect of insulin on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) proliferation and to evaluate the intracellular signaling pathways involved. METHODS; VSMCs separated from Sprague - Dawley rats were used in this study. The proliferation of VSMCs induced by insulin was assayed by [~3H ] - thymidin incorporation. The protein expression and activity of p -ERK1/2 were determined by immunblot and [~(γ-32)P]ATP incorporation. RESULTS: Insulin induced cell proliferation in a concentration - dependent manner. The proliferative effect of insulin on VSMCs was inhibited partly by LY294002 (48.8% ) , an inhibitor of PI -3 kinase, and the ERK1/2 inhibitor PD98059 (43.6% ) , respectively. Moreover, phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and activity of ERK1/2 induced by insulin were also inhibited partly by LY294002.CONCLUSION: PI -3 kinase and ERK1/2 are involved in insulin induced VSMCs proliferation.

Objective To induce adult adult adipose-derived stem cells(ADSCs) in vitro to differentiate into neuronal-like cells,and to analyze the features of their cell morphology and ultrastructure. Methods Adipose stromal cells were obtained and amplified in vitro. Then make use of chemical induction to induce them. Observed ADSC and differentiation of cells in morphology and ultrastructure under inverted microscope and transmission electron microscopy. Immunocytochemistry to detection of Nestin, Neuron Specific Endolase( NSE) ,and glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP) expression in cells. Used Real-time PCR to detection of Nestin,GFAP gene mRNA expression before and after induction in ADSC. To observe the morphology and ultrastructure of the cells prior to and after induction under microscope and electron microscope. Results The morphology of ADSC was similar to fibroblasts ,and could be amplified stability within 10 passages in vitro. Some of the cells induced display a typical astrocyte-like cells in ultrastructure. Followed neuronal induction,astrocyte-like cells began to stain brightly for CFAP, Nestin. GFAP stained in both the cytoplasm and nuclei of astrocyte-like cells, but Nestin only stained in the cytoplasm. The peak positive expression rate within 14d following neuronal induction. The rate of positive expression cells was( 14.4 ± 3. 6) % for Nestin, (87. 3 ± 5. 3 ) % for GFAP. Then two kinds of protein expression remained the similar rate. The average relative concentration of GFAP and Nestin gene mRNA have significant statistical difference between ADSC and differented cells analyzed by Real-time PCR (P<0.05).The peak concentration of GFAP was within 20 d after induction,and GFAP was within 14 d after induction. Conclusion In the cytoplasm of adult adipose-derived cells possess Nestin genetic material,which is the marker of neural stem cell. The differential astrocyte-like cells have the typical morphology, ultrastructure and GFAP phenotype of mature astrocytes.

Objectives To evaluate the performances of transcranial Doppler (TCD) and vessel-encoded arterial spin labeling MRI perfusion imaging (VE-ASL) in the evaluation of collateral circulation of cerebral arteries. Methods Thirty patients with unilateral ICA or MCA stenosis diagnosed by TCD and carotid duplex ultrasound and confirmed by MRA underwent VE-ASL. Peak systolic velocity (PSV) of bilateral MCA in the same depth, distal to the stenosis site, was recorded. Cerebral blood flow (CBF) in bilateral MCA territories was measured by VE-ASL. The detection rates of collater-al flow using TCD and VE-ASL were compared. Results TCD revealed that PSV in the ipsilateral and contralateral MCA were (31.6 ± 10.5) cm/s and (83.1 ± 9.2) cm/s, respectively. VE_ASL revealed that CBF in the ipsilateral and contralateral MCA territory were (22.5±9.8) mL·min-1·100g-1 and (31.7±8.3) mL·min-1·100g-1, respectively. The PSV ratio of the ipsi-lateral/contralateral MCA was significantly lower than the CBF ratio of the ipsilateral/contralateral MCA(0.37 ± 0.173 vs. 0.66±0.141, P=0.001). The detection rates of collateral flow using TCD were lower than those using VE-ASL. The detec-tion rate was 26.7% vs. 70% on TCD vs. VE-ASL in anterior collateral circulation (P=0.001), was 16.7% vs. 60% (P<0.001) on TCD vs. VE-ASL in posterior collateral circulation. The total display rate of collateral flow was 36.7%vs. 86.7%on TCD vs. VE-ASL (P<0.001). Conclusions TCD is inferior to VE-ASL in evaluating the collateral circulation because of the limitations including the anatomical variations of the circle of Willis and formation of leptomenigeal anastomoses.

Objective To study the influence of prothrombin complex concentrates (PCC) containing different levels of antithrombin (AT) and heparin on its procoagulation and anticoagulation activities.Methods PCC containing traces of heparin and AT were prepared.The design of orthogonal experiment: set AT and heparin two variable factors, each factor respectively from three levels: 0, 0.4, 0.8 IU/mL; 0, 2.5, 5.0 IU/mL.Their influence on the procoagulation and anticoagulation activities of PCC were analysed.Results The R value of the influence of AT on thrombin inhibitory capacities was higher than that of heparin.With the increase of AT level, time to peak gradually extended.Lag time of 0.4 IU/mL and 0.8 IU/mL AT was the same.The peak height of 0.4 IU/mL AT was highest.The higher the level of AT, the greater the impact on thrombin inhibitory capacities.0.4 IU/mL and 0.8 IU/mL AT had similar impact on thrombin inhibitory capacities.The R values of the influence of heparin on thrombin generation were higher than that of AT.With the increase of heparin level, lag time and time to peak were longer while the peak height declined sharply.0 IU/mL and 2.5 IU/mL heparin had similar influence on thrombin generation.The higher the level of heparin, the greater influence on thrombin inhibitory capacities.2.5 IU/mL and 5.0 IU/mL heparin had similar influence on thrombin inhibitory capacities.Conclusion AT has greater influence on the anticoagulation activities of PCC than that of heparin, while heparin has greater influence on the procoagulation activities of PCC than that of AT.PCC containing medium levels of AT and heparin is relatively balanced between procoagulation and anticoagulation.

Objective To study the differences between the animal model of pulmonary injury/ fibrosis induced by using paraquat and that induced by using bleomycin in mice in order to establish an ideal mouse pulmonary fibrosis model.Methods Thirty healthy and 8 ～ 10 weeks old male C57BL/6J (C57) mice were randomly (random number) divided into paraquat group (n =10),bleomycin group (n =10),and control group (n =10).Paraquat ( 10 mg/kg) was given to mice intraperitoneally once every three days for 5 times in paraquat group.Bleomycin was injected into trachea of mice in a dose of 3 mg /kg in bleomycin group.The mice were sacrificed 7 days,14 days and 21 days after administration of drug.The general physical condition,body weight and pulmonary pathological changes were observed.Data were analyzed with SPSS13.0 statistical package.The comparison was made between two groups with mann -whitney U- test.Results Both agents could induce pulmonary injury and fibrosis.After comparison of survival rate,body weight,pulmonary histopathological change and rate of successful modelling,the repeated low - dose of paraquat injected intraperitoneally was proved to be a method of more simple and effective with high success rate of modeling in comparison with the conventional technique of intratracheal injection of bleomycin.Conclusions By the comparison between two methods of establishing pulmonary injury and fibrosis models in mice,the method of repeated low - dose intraperitoneal injection of paraquat is superior over the bleomycin - induced method in respect of higher rate of successful modelling.