Objective:To investigate a method to identify Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans serotypes by polymerase chain reaction. Methods:18 Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans strains representing serotypes a to f were used in the test. 6 pairs of specific oligonucleotide primers for gene clusters involved in the biosynthesis of serotype specific polysaccharide antigens were designed. The primers were developed and evaluated in a genetic method of identifying serotypes of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans strains by using a PCR assay. Results: Each pair of primers can specifically identify one serotype of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans strains. No cross reaction was observed in all 18 strains. The PCR product sizes were as follows: 428 bp (serotype a), 298 bp (serotype b), 559 bp (serotype c), 690 bp (serotype d), 211 bp (serotype e) and 232 bp (serotype f). Conclusion:PCR method may be useful to identify Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans serotypes rapidly and directly.

Objective To study the effect of poly- DL- lactic acid (PDLLA) absorbable membrane on preventing adhesion after repair of peripheral nerve injury. Methods 60 SD rats were divided into 2 groups randomly: the suturing+ PDLLA group (experimental group) and the purely suturing group (contrast group), with 30 rats in each group. Their sciatic nerves were cut off and then sutured microsurgically. In the experimental group, the anastomotic stoma was encapsulated with PDLLA membrane; in the contrast group, there was no such a treatment. We conducted gross observations and histological examinations at 2, 4, 8, 12, and 16 weeks after operation, neural electrophysiological examinations at 12 and 16 weeks after operation, and image analysis by computer at 16 weeks after operation. Results The scar proliferation and adhesion near the anastomotic stoma in the experimental group were less extensive than those in the contrast group; regenerative nerve fibers grew more straight and orderly manner. Electrophysiological examinations and image analyses by computer also showed that the experimental group achieved better results than the contrast group. Conclusion Poly- DL- lactic acid (PDLLA) absorbable membrane can prevent scar proliferation and adhesion after repair of peripheral nerve and promote nerve functional recovery effectively.

We present a rare case of dental foreign body from maxillary sinus in a 21-year woman who was hospitalized because of oral cavity and nasal sinus leak for 3 months when doing cheek-bulging action. Admission diagnosis :dental maxillary sinus"foreign body" (left); chronic maxillary sinusitis (left). Computed tomographic scan showed irregular high density shadow in the left maxillary sinus. The "foreign body" was removed via anteri- or prelacrimal recess approach, which was supposed to be the iatrogenic foreign body - alveolar bone.
Endoscopy ; Female ; Foreign Bodies ; surgery ; Humans ; Maxillary Sinus ; surgery ; Maxillary Sinusitis ; Young Adult

AIM: To investigate the effects and quantitative relations of co-administering probenecid OF different dosages on pharmacokinetics of cefaclor in rabbits and approach the possible mechanisms involved as well. METHODS: Monitor plasma and urine cefaclor concentrations. 24 male rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups by Cefaclor 50 mg·kg-1,Cefaclor50 mg·kg-1+Probenecid 100 mg·kg-1,Cefaclor 50 mg·kg-1+Probenecid 250 mg·kg-1 and Cefaclor 50 mg·kg-1+Probenecid 625 mg·kg-1.Blood and urine samples were collected according to the regular time schedule after intragastric administration. The concentration of cefaclor in blood and urine were determined by HPLC. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by DAS (Drug and Statistical) software. Measur plasma protein-binding rate of cefaclor. The experimental groups and drug dosage were same as described above. The blood sample was drawn at 1 hour after administration,and the protein-binding rate of cefaclor was determined by equilibrium dialysis. RESULTS: Within the dosages of probenecid ranged from 0-250 mg·kg-1,T1/2ka,Tmax,Cmax and AUC of cefaclor increased in accordance with increasing dosage of co-administering probenecid while CL/F and Vd/F were decreased(P＜0.01); However,when the dosage of co-administering probenecid was 625 mg·kg-1,Cmax of cefaclor strikingly decreased(P＜0.01),while AUC and CL/F maintained at the levels of those with probenecid250 mg·kg-1.In this experiment, urinary excretive peak time of cefaclor in its prototype pos tponed gradually,biological half life prolonged and urinary excretive accumulation percentage decreased obviously(P＜0.01).To the dosages of probenecid ranging from 0-250 mg·kg-1,protein-binding rate of cefaclor decreased notably(P＜0.01)going with increasing dosages of co-administration probenecid; While the dosage of co-administration probenecid reached 625 mg·kg-1,the protein-binding rate of cefaclor corresponded to that of cefaclor 50 mg·kg-1 without probenecid (P＜0.01).CONCLUSION: Co-administering probenecid can strikingly change pharmacokinetics of cefaclor and the influential degree of pharmacokinetics parameters is dependent on dosages of probenecid used in the experiment. Biological half life prolongs and urinary excretive accumulation percentage of cefaclor decreases obviously.

Objective:To study the antibacterial activity of sanguisorba tannin extract in vitro and its mechanism in the antibacterial effect on staphylococcus aureus. Methods:The antibacterial effect of sanguisorba tannin extract was studied by an Oxford-cup method and a tube double dilution method. With staphylococcus aureus as the tested bacteria, extracellular alkaline phosphatase (AKP), potassium ion, soluble protein and T-ATPase were determined. The changes in protein bands and the cell ultrastructure were respectively observed by SDS-PAGE and TEM to illustrate the antibacterial mechanism. Results:The results showed that sanguisorba tannin extract was effec-tive against the gram-positive bacteria, while the effect against the gram-negative bacteria was weak. After staphylococcus aureus was trea-ted with sanguisorba tannin extract, the contents of alkaline phosphatase (AKP), potassium ion, soluble protein, DNA, RNA and the other large molecules were increased obviously when compared with those in the control group. The concentrations of intracellular and ex-tracellular ATP were significant changed. DS-PAGE showed that staphylococcus aureus treated with sanguisorba tannin extract had no pro-tein band formation. TEM showed that the cell integrity was damaged. Conclusion:Sanguisorba tannin extract shows strong antibacterial activity, which can change the cell membrane permeability and damage the cell integrity.

To study the effect of Buyang Huanwu Decoction (BHD) on neural cell apoptosis after cerebral ischemia in gerbils and its mechanism, gerbil model with cerebral ischemia was established by clamping of bilateral carotid arteries and then reperfusion. Neural cell apoptosis of hippocampal gyrus slides was observed under electron microscope 120 hours after reperfusion. The activities of Na + -K + ATPase , Ca 2+ ATPase , Mg 2+ ATPase and NOS, and the contents of lactic acid, NO and amino acid in cerebral tissues were detected 120 hours after reperfusion. The results showed that BHD can reduce the incidence of neural cell apoptosis of hippocampal gyrus, prevent the decrease of Na + -K + ATPase and Ca 2+ ATPase activities, increase NO content and NOS activity, and reduce cerebral glucose content. It is indicated that BHD can counteract neural cell apoptosis after cerebral ischemia in gerbils and its mechanism may be related to the improvement of cerebral energy metabolism, regulation of NO synthesis and antagonism of toxic effect of excitatory amino acid.

Objective To evaluate the acute side effects and efficacy of three dimensional conformal radiotherapy(3DCRT) combined with chemotherapy(CT) for locally advanced non small cell lung cancer(LANSCLC). Methods From Sept. 2000 to Dec.2001,24 patients with LANSCLC were treated with three dimensional conformal radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy navelbine+cisplatin NP. Results The overall response rate(CR+PR)was 91.7% for the primary tumor, and 100% for metastatic mediastinal lymph nodes.The leucopenia rate was 95.8%(54.2% grades 3,4). Acute radiation esophagitis occurred in 54.2% of patients(Grades 1,2). Acute radiation pneumonitis was observed in 12.5% of patients (Grades1,2). Conclusions 3DCRT combined with CT is well tolerated in most patients with LANSCLC. Its early responses are milder than the conventional radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy . Remote results await further follow up.

Objective Pancreatic duodenal homeobox-1 ( PDX-1) plays an important role in the occurrence and development of diabetes.More importantly,its potential application in insulin resistance (IR) improvement is attracting further attention .Berberine has been shown to improve glucose metabolism and insulin resistance .In this study,rat models of type 2 diabetes mellitus ( T2DM) were established by combination of intraperitoneal injection of low -dose streptozotocin and highg-lucose-high-fat diet induction .The effect of berberine on fasting glucose , fasting serum insulin , homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance ( HOMAI-R) , and ex-pression of PDX -1 of islet in T2DM rats were analyzed .The present study aimed to evaluate the anti-diabetic efficacy of berberine and study the mechanism of its preliminary therapeutic effects .Methods Twenty healthy adult male Sprague Dawley ( SD) rats were di-vided by random number table into the normal control group ( n =6) feeding with a standard diet ,and the experimental group ( n =14 ) given an intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin .The rats with fasting blood glucose ( FBG) greater than 13.8 mmol/L were ran-domly divided into diabetes mellitus group feeding high sugar high fat diet for two weeks and then continuing with a standard diet , and the berberine group given berberine [180 mg /(kg· d)] every day.The normal control group and diabetes mellitus group were given physiological saline for every day 6 weeks.At the end of 6th week, the rats were executed , and the levels of fasting glucose, fasting se-rum insulin, HOMA-IR, and expression of PDX-1 in pancreas islet of each group were detected .The expression of PDX1-in pancreas islet was examined by immunohistochemistry .The image pro plus 6.0software was used to calculate the integrated optical density ( IOD) of positive expression .Results Compared with the normal control group , FBG, fasting insulin levels ( FINS) , and HOMA-IR of the diabetes mellitus group and berberine group were significantly increased ( P <0.05 ) .Compared with the diabetes mellitus group, FBG, FINS, and HOMA-IR of the berberine group were statistically significantly decreased [ ( 13.11 ±6.87 ) mmol/L vs (18.45 ±4.69) mmol L/, (2.58 ±0.34) μIU/ml vs (2.98 ±0.40) μIU/ml, 1.60 ±0.91 vs 2.75 ±0.28, P <0.05].Compared with the normal control group , the expression of PDX-1 of the islet in the diabetes mellitus group and berberine group was statistically significantly decreased ( P <0.05).After treatment with berberine, FBG, FINS, HOMA-IR, and IOD of PDX-1 in pancreas islet of berberine treatment rats were significantly increased compared with the diabetes mellitus group ( 9.14 ±1.51 vs 6.79 ±0.98 , P <0.01 ) .Conclusions The increases of PDX-1 in islet may be one of the mechanism in the improvement of hyperglycemia .

AIM: To investigate effects of salvia miltiorrhiza injection on acute myocardial ischemia and hemorheology. METHODS: The acute myocardial ischemia model and blood stasis model were established with high dose adrenaline subcutaneous injection and being socked in ice water. The effect of salvia miltiorrhiza injection on the electrocardiogram J point and T ware of acute myocardial ischemia and the hemorheology of rat blood stasis model were observed. RESULTS: As compared with model groups, middle and high dose groups of salvia miltiorrhiza injection could obviously inhibit the rising of J point and T wave of the ischemic electrocardiogram, all dose groups of salvia miltiorrhiza injection could prevent the ascending of blood viscosity and fibrinogen and hematocrit. CONCLUSION: salvia miltiorrhiza injection can effectively decrease blood viscosity and improve circulatation of coronary artery, and protect ischemic myocardium.

AIM: To investigate the therapeutic effect of tea polyphenols (TP) on cationic bovine serum albumin (C BSA) glomerulonephritis. METHODS: C BSA glomerulonephritic model was induced in rabbits. TP in three different doses (30, 100 and 300 mg?kg -1 ) was administered (ig) once daily for 14 days. RESULTS: TP not only significantly reduced the urinary protein excretion, decreased blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and plasma creatinine (Cr) levels, but also significantly relieved gloermular lesions in the rabbits treated and there was a significant dose dependent relationship between high dosage (300 mg?kg -1 ) and low dosage ( 30 mg?kg -1 ). CONCLUSION: TP can reduce proteinuria, suppress the development of glomerular impairments, and ameliorate the kidney function of rabbits with C BSA glomerulonephritis.