BACKGROUND:It has been reported that mesenchymal stromal cells(MSCs)are capable of differentiating into cells of multilineage.Different methods and reagents have been used to induce the differentiation of MSCs,but most inducing systems contain serum and cytokines.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the gene expression of mash-1 and ngn-1 in differentiation of SD rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells induced by salvia mitiorrhiza. DESIGN:Controlled experiment in vitro with repeated observation and measurement based on cells.SETTING:Department of Anatomy,School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine,Sichuan University. MATERIALS:This study was performed in the Department of Anatomy,School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine,Sichuan University from October 2004 to December 2005.SD male rats weighing 160-200 g were purchased from the Animal Center of Sichuan University.The experimental animals were disposed according to ethical criteria.Parenteral solution of salvia mitiorrhiza purchased from Tianyang Medicine Company Limited of Anhui(batch number:20050411).METHODS:The nucleated cells were separated from rat bone marrow through gradient centrifugation and cell adherent method,and then MSCs differentiated into neurcyte-like cells induced by salvia mitiorrhiza.Cells in the control group were cultured with salvia mitiorrhiza-free serum-free culture media.The expression of neuron specific enolase(NSE)and glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP)were detected by immunohistochemistry.RT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA of mash-1 and ngn-1. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:①mash-1 and ngn-1 expressions were detect by the RT-PCR method.②NSE and GFAP expressions were detected by immunohistochemistry.RESULTS:①The MSCs were well adherent to walls.Most of the cells transformed in dipolar-like or multipolar-like.Axon-like or dentrite-like process was developed and these processes synapse with each other.② RT-PCR showed that ngn-1 and mash-1 mRNA were negative before induction,but positive after induction.③Immunohistochemistry indicated that NSE and GFAP expressions were positive after induction but negative in the control group. CONCLUSION:MSCs can be induced to differentiate into neurocyte-like cells by salvia mitiorrhiza.

Objective To investigate the development of rat heart and the expressions of TGF-?1,SMAD4 and Bax protein to detect the location and mechanism of action in different developmental periods of rat heart. Methods Histology and immunohistochemistry of rat embryonic hearts from day11 to day19(E11～E19) in paraffin-embedded were used to analyze the heart development and TGF-?1,SMAD4 and Bax protein expressions. Results The muscular part of interventricular septum appeared on E12.5,and the partition of the ventricle finished on E16.The positive expression of TGF-?1 can be seen in the rat embryonic heart during E11～E19.The positive staining was increased to E15 and then declined significantly.The expression of SMAD4 was enhanced gradually and the positive signals were strong on E17,and a spatial difference was found in the expression on E13.The expression peaks of the Bax protein appeared on E15 then subsided to a stable.Conclusion The critical period of cardiac muscle cell differentiation and heart moulding was E15.TGF-?1,Smad4 and Bax protein play important roles during the development of rat embryonic heart.

Objective To investigate the effect of total saponins of panax notoginseng(PNS)on the production of collagen Ⅰ,Ⅲ and TGF-?1 in rats with experimental fibrosis.Methods Experimental fibrosis model was copied by intracutaneous injection of BSA and rats feeding on diet rich in lipid.From the 1st day after BSA injection,SPN(60 or 30 mg/kg)or Colchicine were given intracutaneously once a day for 42 days.All animals were sacrificed on the 43rd day.Their hepatic function was evaluated by determining the levels of ALT,AST,ALB in serum.The progression of hepatic fibrosis was confirmed by pathological analysis.Then type collagenⅠ,Ⅲ and TGF-?1 were observed with immunohistochemical method.Results The BSA injection significantly elevated the levels of ALT and AST,while SPN treatment significantly down-regulated them.But the level of ALB was opposite to that of ALT or AST in SPN treatment group.The positive staining of the collagenⅠ,Ⅲ and TGF-?1 was stronger in hepatic fibrosis model group than in SPN treatment group.The contents of the collagen were identical to the immunohistochemical results.Conclusion SPN has the protective effect against liver fibrosis.

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BACKGROUND: Recently, the detectable rate of ground-glass opacity (GGO ) was significantly increased, a appropriate diagnosis before clinic treatment tends to be important for patients with GGO lesions. The aim of this study is to validate the ability of the mean computed tomography (m-CT) value to predict tumor invasiveness, and compared with other measurements such as Max CT value, GGO size, solid size of GGO and C/T ratio (consolid/tumor ratio, C/T) to find out the best measurement to predict tumor invasiveness. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted of 129 patients who recieved lobectomy and were pathological confirmed as atypical adenomatous pyperplasia (AAH) or clinical stage Ia lung cance in our center between January 2012 and December 2013. Of those 129 patients, the number of patients of AAH, AIS, AIS and invasive adenocarcinoma were 43, 26, 17 and 43, respectively. We defined AAH and AIS as noninvasive cancer (NC), MIA and invasive adenocarcinoma were categorized as invasive cancer(IC). We used receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to compare the ability to predict tumor invasiveness between m-CT value, consolidation/tumor ratio, tumor size and solid size of tumor. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the independent variables for prediction of pathologic more invasive lung cancer. RESULTS: 129 patients were enrolled in our study (59 male and 70 female), the patients were a median age of (62.0±8.6) years (range, 44 to 82 years). The two groups were similar in terms of age, sex, differentiation (P>0.05). ROC curve analysis was performed to determine the appropriate cutoff value and area under the cure (AUC). The cutoff value of solid tumor size, tumor size, C/T ratio, m-CT value and Max CT value were 9.4 mm, 15.3 mm, 47.5%, -469.0 HU and -35.0 HU, respectively. The AUC of those variate were 0.89, 0.79, 0.82, 0.90, 0.85, respectively. When compared the clinical and radiologic data between two groups, we found the IC group was strongly associated with a high m-CT value, high Max CT value, high C/T ratio and large tumor size. Gender, solid tumor size, tumor size, C/T ratio, m-CT value and MaxCT value were selected factor for multivariate analysis, when using the preoperatively determined variables to predict the tumor invasiveness, revealed that tumor size, C/T ratio, m-CT value and Max CT value were independent predictive factors of IC. CONCLUSIONS The musurements of Max CT value, GGO size, solid size of GGO and C/T ratio were significantly correlated with tumor invasiveness, and the evaluation of m-CT value is most useful musurement in predicting more invasive lung cancer.
Adenocarcinoma ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; mortality ; pathology ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; mortality ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplasm Staging ; ROC Curve ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; methods

（正）目前对于可切除食管癌的治疗方式是以手术为主的综合治疗[1]。微创食管癌手术经过多年的发展和普及，其远近期疗效已被广泛认可。目前对于中、下段食管癌，胸腹腔镜联合 Ivor-Lewis 已是主流术式[2]。相对微创 McKeown 手术，全腔镜下Ivor-Lewis 食管癌根治术在近期疗效（特别是在吻合口瘘、吻合口狭窄和喉返神经损伤）方面具有明显优势[3]。本视频旨在展示全腔镜下 Ivor-Lewis 食管癌根治术的手术入路及操作要点。