AIM:To determine whether apoptosis is involved in the development of vascular remodeling in renovascular hypertension rats and whether the inhibitory effect of tetrandrine on proliferation is mediated by apoptosis.METHODS:Apoptosis was detected in histologic sections of aorta and tail arteries with in situ end-labeling.The apoptosis ratio in cultured cells was measured by [3H]-TdR incorporation and flow cytometer analysis method.RESULTS:Compared with the sham group,the apoptosis rate of renal hypertension rat(RHR)increased.Tetrandrine(Tet)directly induced apoptosis in cultured AVSMCs(from RHR)and increased apoptosis induced by TGF?,TGF?1 and deficient FCS.CONCLUSION:Tet induces and sensitizes vascular smooth muscle cells of RHR to apoptosis,which at least partly related to the regression of vascular remodeling.

AIM: To evaluate the antihistamine effects of domestic azelastine hydrochloride. METHODS: Histamine increased skin vascular permeability and induced shock model in guinea pigs. In isolated guinea pig ileal rings, the contraction of smooth muscle induced by histamine was determined. RESULTS: Pretreament with azelastine hydrochloride( 0.05, 0.15,and 0.45 mg?kg -1,ig) significantly inhibited the increase in skin vascular permeability induced by histamine in a dose-dependent manner in guinea pigs. Pretreament with azelastine hydrochloride( 0.05, 0.1,and 0.2 mg?kg -1,ig)produced a significant improvement of shock, as shown by a decrease in reactivity degree, mortality and a prolongation of latency. In isolated guinea pig ileal rings, azelastine hydrochloride (10 -8,3?10 -8,10 -7,3? 10 -7 mol?L -1)significantly inhibited contraction of smooth muscle induced by histamine in a concentration-dependent manner and caused a parallel right shift of the dose-effect curve of histamine (pA 2= 8.55). CONCLUSION: Domestic azelastine hydrochloride shows significant the antihistamine effects.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate therapeutic efficacy of bifidobacteria triple viable bacteria combined with infliximab in the treatment of moderate and severe ulcerative colitis(UC),and its effects on immune function. METHODS:Seventy-two UC pa-tients were selected from gastroenterology department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University during Jun. 2009 to Jan. 2015. They was divided into single group and combination group according to therapy plan,with 36 cases in each group. Single group was given infliximab 5 mg/kg,ivgtt,on 0,2nd,6th,8th week. Combination group was additionally given bi-fidobacteria triple viable bacteria 420 mg,tid. Both groups were treated for consercutive 2 months. Clinical efficacies were com-pared between 2 groups as well as the levels of humoral immunity and T cell function. The occurrence of ADR was observed in 2 groups. RESULTS:Clinical response rate of combination group was 86.11%,which was significantly higher than 52.78% of single group,with statistical significance (P<0.05). Before treatment,there was no statistical significance in humoral immunity and T cell function between 2 groups(P>0.05). After treatment,the levels of CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ were significantly increased in both 2 groups,while the levels of CD8+,Th1 and Th2 were significantly decreased;the combination group was significantly better than the control group,with statistical significance (P<0.05);there was no statistical significance in CD3+ between 2 groups before and after treatment(P>0.05). After treatment,the levels of IgA and IgG were increased significantly in 2 groups,and the level of C3 was decreased significantly;the combination group was significantly better than the control group,with statistical significance (P<0.05);there was no statistical significance in IgM content and C4 level between 2 groups before and after treatment (P>0.05). There was no statistical significance in the incidence of ADR between 2 groups(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Bifidobacteria triple viable bacteria combined with infliximab shows significant therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of moderate and severe UC, and can significantly improve humoral immunity function and the recovery of T cell level,with good safety.

Objective To investigate the relevance between the times of cytokine-induced killer cell (CIK cell) adoptive immunotherapy and the survival of the elderly patients with gastric cancer.Methods Lymphocyte separation medium was used to isolate mononuclear cells, and then the cultured CIK cells were infused back into the patients with gastric cancer. A retrospective cohort study was adopted by using Kaplan-Meier to estimate median survival time and survival rate, using Log-rank test to analyze the impact of clinical factors on survival rate, and using RR and 95% CI to estimate the contact intensity of death outcome, survival time and CIK cell treatment. Results There were nostatistically significant differences in gender,age, tumor site, histological type, invasion depth, lymph node metastasis, pathological grade, tumor size or tumor distribution between chemotherapy group and CIK treatment group (all P＞0.05). The median survival time of patients with gastric cancer was significantly longer in CIK treatment group than in chemotherapy group (61 vs. 21, χ2=10.215, P=0.001). Compared with the patients treated by chemotherapy alone, the increased times of CIK treatment induced more survival rate and 2-5 years life spans (χ2=12. 461, P=0.006). Conclusions With the treatment that CIK cells are infused back into the elderly patients with gastric cancer, the risk of death is reduced, and the lifespan is prolonged, which is associated with the CIK cell treatment times.

Objective To study the effects of case-based learning (CBL) teaching method combined with network on orthodontic postgraduate clinical ability training. Methods Totally 40 ortho-dontic postgraduates were randomly divided into 2 groups (20 per group) named as experimental group (EG) and control group(CG). EG involved in CBL combined with network teaching method,while CG with CBL method only. after 5 teaching cycles,test scores of two groups were analyzed with SPSS 22.0. Results Average scores were (86.60 ±9.71) in EG and (85.45 ±10.79) in CG ,without statistical differences (P=0.73). Pass rate of two groups were 95.00% and 90.00% ,without statistical differences (P=1.00); As for the questionnaire survey, most of the students (90.00%) in EG considered CBL com-bined with network teaching method had no confliction with the clinical time,and helped to carry out in-depth clinical topic discussion. What was more,all of them (100.00%) in EG believed network facilitate their learning. Only part of them (60.00%) in EG thought that they spent a lot of time on reference material preparation. Conclusions Both CBL combined with network teaching method and CBL method can improve the clinical ability of orthodontic postgraduates significantly. However, CBL combined with network teaching method has advantages over time management, knowledge learning and resource sharing.

Objective:Our aim was to study the levels of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and pulmonary perfusion imaging in determining of pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH). Methods: We measured ANP levels by using radioimmunoassay after making various types of PAH in rabbits. Catheterization and pulmonary perfusion tomographic imaging were used in the control group. Results: When the pulmonary artery pressure increased slightly, the ANP levels were lower in PAH group than that of control group, but the difference was not significant (t=1, P>0.05). At the same time, pressure measured by catheterization did not change as the control group, but the ratio of back/abdomen radiopharmaceuticals distribution which was measured with pulmonary perfusion tomographic imaging was significantly higher in PAH group than that of the control (t=2.5, P<0.05). The difference between the ANP levels when the pulmonary artery pressure increased medially and seriously was significant (t＝4.0 and 6.5, P＜0.05). The other two methods got the same result (P＜0.05). Results of three examining methods were positively related. Conclusion:The ANP levels can determine the degree of PAH, and it was simple. But it was not as sensitive as that of pulmonary perfusion tomographic imaging.

Objective To report a ileal ureteric replacement surgery for bilateral long segment ureter injury.Methods Data from a patient suffered bilateral long segment uretercic stenosis was reviewed.A 32-year-old female,who underwent radical surgery of cervical cancer and postoperative radiotherapy 1 year ago,complained intermittent low back pain for 11 months and was found renal function abnormality for 3 months.Ultrasound showed bilateral hydronephrosis,and the CT urography showed bilateral middle-lower ureteral stenosis.Preoperative diagnosis was bilateral hydronephrosis with bilateral ureteral obstruction.The patient underwent bilateral ileal ureteric replacement under general anesthesia.Results The surgical procedure was successful and the postoperative recovery was favorable.The operation time was 180 min,and blood loss was 100 ml.The abdominal cavity drainage tube was removed 8 days and the urinary catheter was removed 9 days postoperatively.During 8 months' follow up,the patient showed resolved flank pain with stable serum creatinine.No complication was reported.The CTU 2 months postoperatively showed the hydronephrosis was relieved with normal functioning kidneys.Conclusion Bilateral ileal ureteric replacement surgery might be an effective procedure and viable option for bilateral long segment ureteric injuries.

prognosis of patients with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (AUGIB). Methods A total of 130 patients with AUGIB in our hospital were enrolled in this study from August 2014 to August 2016 . Three kinds of scoring systems including Rockall, Blatchford and AIMS65 were used to evaluate the risk classification of the patients. Patients were followed up for 2 months. The incidence rates of re-bleeding and death within 2 months after admission were observed. Data of prognosis in patients with AUGIB were compared between the three scoring systems in the prognosis of patients with AUGIB, including the risk classification and the prediction accuracy of re-bleeding and death. Results There were no significant differences in the re-bleeding rate and fatality rate between the groups divided by Rockall and Blatchford scoring systems ( P>0.05). According to the grouping results of AIMS65 scoring system, the re-bleeding rate of low-risk group was lower than that in high risk group (1.45%vs. 13.11%, P=0.01), but there was no significant difference in fatality rate between the two groups (P>0.05). The values of area under the curve (AUC) of predicting re-bleeding rates by using Rockall, Blatchford and AIMS65 scoring systems were 0.6258, 0.6910, and 0.7241, and the values of AUC of predicting fatality rates were 0.7031, 0.7969, and 0.7031 by using receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis. There were no significant differences between them (P>0.05). The values of AUC of predicting re-bleeding rates by using the risk grading calculation by Rockall, Blatchford and AIMS65 scoring systems were 0.6189, 0.6139 and 0.7254 (P>0.05). But the values of AUC of predicting fatality rates were 0.6211, 0.6641 and 0.7695 (P<0.01). Conclusion The operation method of AIMS65 scoring system is simple and convenient, which is applicable to a wide range of patients with AUGIB. In the prediction of re-bleeding and mortality, AIMS65 scoring system has high accuracy and stability, which is worthy of promoting in clinical application.

Aim To study the anti-inflammator y and antiallergic effects of polysaccharide nucleic acid fraction of bacillus cal mette guerin (BCG-PSN). Methods Effect of BCG-PSN on itch thr eshold of guinea pigs caused by phosphoric acid histamine, ear oedema of mice ca used by xylene, carrageenan-induced hind paw oedema in rats, delayed hypersensi tivity reaction induced by 2,4-dinitroflurobenzene in mice, homologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis in rats and heterologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis in mice were investigated. BCG-PSN was administered intramuscularly every other d ay for three weeks. Results BCG-PSN(0.1,0.2,0.4 mg?kg -1) had no effect on itch threshold of guinea pigs caused by phosphoric aci d histamine. In mice, BCG-PSN(0.15,0.30,0.60 mg?kg -1) significant ly inhibited ear oedema caused by xylene and heterologous passive cutaneous anap hylaxis in a dose-dependent manner. BCG-PSN at the dose of 0.60 mg?kg -1 also significantly inhibited delayed hypersensitivity reaction induced by 2,4 -dinitroflurobenzene in mice. In rats, BCG-PSN(0.1,0.2,0.4 mg?kg -1 )significantly inhibited carrageenan-induced hind paw oedema and homologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis. Conclusion BCG-PSN inhibites ac ute inflammation, immediate type allergy and delayed type allergy.

ObjectiveTo investigate the relationships between T and NK cells in peripheral blood and the relapse or metastasis of malignant tumors.MethodsFlow cytometry was used to test the percentages ofT and NK cells in peripheral blood of 48 malignant tumor patients with relapse or metastasis (relapse or metastasis group) and 48 malignant tumor patients without relapse or metastasis(control group).ResultsCompared with control group,the ratio of Th/Ts decreased,CD4+/CD25+ raised and the activities of NK cells decreased in relapse or metastasis group (0.95 ±0.52 vs.1.35 ±0.43,7.15 ±3.81 vs.6.01 ±2.67,0.2053 ±0.1135 vs.0.2501 ±0.0745)(P＜0.01 or ＜0.05).ConclusionsTesting the T and NK cells in peripheral blood of malignant tumor patients regularly can know their immune status and find the relapse or metastasis early.It is easy and useful in patients' follow-up.