AIM:To determine whether apoptosis is involved in the development of vascular remodeling in renovascular hypertension rats and whether the inhibitory effect of tetrandrine on proliferation is mediated by apoptosis.METHODS:Apoptosis was detected in histologic sections of aorta and tail arteries with in situ end-labeling.The apoptosis ratio in cultured cells was measured by [3H]-TdR incorporation and flow cytometer analysis method.RESULTS:Compared with the sham group,the apoptosis rate of renal hypertension rat(RHR)increased.Tetrandrine(Tet)directly induced apoptosis in cultured AVSMCs(from RHR)and increased apoptosis induced by TGF?,TGF?1 and deficient FCS.CONCLUSION:Tet induces and sensitizes vascular smooth muscle cells of RHR to apoptosis,which at least partly related to the regression of vascular remodeling.

AIM: To evaluate the antihistamine effects of domestic azelastine hydrochloride. METHODS: Histamine increased skin vascular permeability and induced shock model in guinea pigs. In isolated guinea pig ileal rings, the contraction of smooth muscle induced by histamine was determined. RESULTS: Pretreament with azelastine hydrochloride( 0.05, 0.15,and 0.45 mg?kg -1,ig) significantly inhibited the increase in skin vascular permeability induced by histamine in a dose-dependent manner in guinea pigs. Pretreament with azelastine hydrochloride( 0.05, 0.1,and 0.2 mg?kg -1,ig)produced a significant improvement of shock, as shown by a decrease in reactivity degree, mortality and a prolongation of latency. In isolated guinea pig ileal rings, azelastine hydrochloride (10 -8,3?10 -8,10 -7,3? 10 -7 mol?L -1)significantly inhibited contraction of smooth muscle induced by histamine in a concentration-dependent manner and caused a parallel right shift of the dose-effect curve of histamine (pA 2= 8.55). CONCLUSION: Domestic azelastine hydrochloride shows significant the antihistamine effects.

ObjectiveTo understand the current status of Cronobacter sakazakii (Cronobacter spp.) infection and its molecular epidemiological characteristics among patients with diarrhea, so as to provide evidence for the prevention and control of diarrhea disease caused by infection with Cronobacter spp. in Changping District, Beijing. Methods760 stool samples were collected from the diarrhea patients in a sentinel hospital in 2019, for the detection of Cronobacter spp., Salmonella, diarrheogenic Escherichia coli (DEC), and Vibrio Parahaemolyticus. Meanwhile, drug sensitivity experiment and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) typing analysis were conducted on the Cronobacter spp. strains isolated. ResultsA total of 20 Cronobacter spp. strains (2.63%) were isolated, with a lower detection rate than that of Salmonella and Vibrio Parahaemolyticus (χ²=9.052, P=0.011). However, there were no statistically significant differences between the detection rates in Cronobacter spp. and DEC (χ²=1.076, P=0.300). Seasonal characterization analysis showed that Cronobacter spp. could be detected in spring (1.00%), summer (4.17%), autumn (3.00%) and winter (1.67%), and the differences were statistically significant (χ²=662.700, P<0.001). The PFGE analysis showed that 20 PFGE banding patterns were found in 20 Cronobacter spp. strains, with a similarity coefficient ranging from 56.30% to 90.09% and a diverse PFGE banding pattern. The drug sensitivity experiment results showed that 18 (90.00%) strains were resistant to cefazolin, and2 (10.00%) strains were intermediate. While, as for cefoxitin, 2 (10.00%) strains were resistant to it, and 5 (25.00%) strains were intermediate. All the 20 strains were 100.00% sensitive to the other 11 antibiotics. ConclusionIn the study, Cronobacter spp. is detected in all seasons through the year, with a high resistance rate to cefazolin, no multi-drug resistant bacteria appeared, and diverse PFGE banding patterns.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate therapeutic efficacy of bifidobacteria triple viable bacteria combined with infliximab in the treatment of moderate and severe ulcerative colitis(UC),and its effects on immune function. METHODS:Seventy-two UC pa-tients were selected from gastroenterology department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University during Jun. 2009 to Jan. 2015. They was divided into single group and combination group according to therapy plan,with 36 cases in each group. Single group was given infliximab 5 mg/kg,ivgtt,on 0,2nd,6th,8th week. Combination group was additionally given bi-fidobacteria triple viable bacteria 420 mg,tid. Both groups were treated for consercutive 2 months. Clinical efficacies were com-pared between 2 groups as well as the levels of humoral immunity and T cell function. The occurrence of ADR was observed in 2 groups. RESULTS:Clinical response rate of combination group was 86.11%,which was significantly higher than 52.78% of single group,with statistical significance (P<0.05). Before treatment,there was no statistical significance in humoral immunity and T cell function between 2 groups(P>0.05). After treatment,the levels of CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ were significantly increased in both 2 groups,while the levels of CD8+,Th1 and Th2 were significantly decreased;the combination group was significantly better than the control group,with statistical significance (P<0.05);there was no statistical significance in CD3+ between 2 groups before and after treatment(P>0.05). After treatment,the levels of IgA and IgG were increased significantly in 2 groups,and the level of C3 was decreased significantly;the combination group was significantly better than the control group,with statistical significance (P<0.05);there was no statistical significance in IgM content and C4 level between 2 groups before and after treatment (P>0.05). There was no statistical significance in the incidence of ADR between 2 groups(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Bifidobacteria triple viable bacteria combined with infliximab shows significant therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of moderate and severe UC, and can significantly improve humoral immunity function and the recovery of T cell level,with good safety.

Objective To investigate the relevance between the times of cytokine-induced killer cell (CIK cell) adoptive immunotherapy and the survival of the elderly patients with gastric cancer.Methods Lymphocyte separation medium was used to isolate mononuclear cells, and then the cultured CIK cells were infused back into the patients with gastric cancer. A retrospective cohort study was adopted by using Kaplan-Meier to estimate median survival time and survival rate, using Log-rank test to analyze the impact of clinical factors on survival rate, and using RR and 95% CI to estimate the contact intensity of death outcome, survival time and CIK cell treatment. Results There were nostatistically significant differences in gender,age, tumor site, histological type, invasion depth, lymph node metastasis, pathological grade, tumor size or tumor distribution between chemotherapy group and CIK treatment group (all P＞0.05). The median survival time of patients with gastric cancer was significantly longer in CIK treatment group than in chemotherapy group (61 vs. 21, χ2=10.215, P=0.001). Compared with the patients treated by chemotherapy alone, the increased times of CIK treatment induced more survival rate and 2-5 years life spans (χ2=12. 461, P=0.006). Conclusions With the treatment that CIK cells are infused back into the elderly patients with gastric cancer, the risk of death is reduced, and the lifespan is prolonged, which is associated with the CIK cell treatment times.

Objective To study the effects of case-based learning (CBL) teaching method combined with network on orthodontic postgraduate clinical ability training. Methods Totally 40 ortho-dontic postgraduates were randomly divided into 2 groups (20 per group) named as experimental group (EG) and control group(CG). EG involved in CBL combined with network teaching method,while CG with CBL method only. after 5 teaching cycles,test scores of two groups were analyzed with SPSS 22.0. Results Average scores were (86.60 ±9.71) in EG and (85.45 ±10.79) in CG ,without statistical differences (P=0.73). Pass rate of two groups were 95.00% and 90.00% ,without statistical differences (P=1.00); As for the questionnaire survey, most of the students (90.00%) in EG considered CBL com-bined with network teaching method had no confliction with the clinical time,and helped to carry out in-depth clinical topic discussion. What was more,all of them (100.00%) in EG believed network facilitate their learning. Only part of them (60.00%) in EG thought that they spent a lot of time on reference material preparation. Conclusions Both CBL combined with network teaching method and CBL method can improve the clinical ability of orthodontic postgraduates significantly. However, CBL combined with network teaching method has advantages over time management, knowledge learning and resource sharing.

Objective:Our aim was to study the levels of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and pulmonary perfusion imaging in determining of pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH). Methods: We measured ANP levels by using radioimmunoassay after making various types of PAH in rabbits. Catheterization and pulmonary perfusion tomographic imaging were used in the control group. Results: When the pulmonary artery pressure increased slightly, the ANP levels were lower in PAH group than that of control group, but the difference was not significant (t=1, P>0.05). At the same time, pressure measured by catheterization did not change as the control group, but the ratio of back/abdomen radiopharmaceuticals distribution which was measured with pulmonary perfusion tomographic imaging was significantly higher in PAH group than that of the control (t=2.5, P<0.05). The difference between the ANP levels when the pulmonary artery pressure increased medially and seriously was significant (t＝4.0 and 6.5, P＜0.05). The other two methods got the same result (P＜0.05). Results of three examining methods were positively related. Conclusion:The ANP levels can determine the degree of PAH, and it was simple. But it was not as sensitive as that of pulmonary perfusion tomographic imaging.

ObjectiveTo investigate the relationships between T and NK cells in peripheral blood and the relapse or metastasis of malignant tumors.MethodsFlow cytometry was used to test the percentages ofT and NK cells in peripheral blood of 48 malignant tumor patients with relapse or metastasis (relapse or metastasis group) and 48 malignant tumor patients without relapse or metastasis(control group).ResultsCompared with control group,the ratio of Th/Ts decreased,CD4+/CD25+ raised and the activities of NK cells decreased in relapse or metastasis group (0.95 ±0.52 vs.1.35 ±0.43,7.15 ±3.81 vs.6.01 ±2.67,0.2053 ±0.1135 vs.0.2501 ±0.0745)(P＜0.01 or ＜0.05).ConclusionsTesting the T and NK cells in peripheral blood of malignant tumor patients regularly can know their immune status and find the relapse or metastasis early.It is easy and useful in patients' follow-up.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of retroperitoneal laparoscopic nephroureterectomy (RLNU) combined with transurethral electric coagulation on upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UUTUC).Methods Sixty UUTUC patients were enrolled from Jun.2012 to Apr.2013.The prospective clinical controlled analysis method was adopted in this study.All patients were divided into test group and control group according to the order of admission.Thirty cases (test group) underwent RLNU combined with electric coagulation,and 30 cases (control group) underwent RLNU combined with electric resection.The differences in operation time,blood loss,hospital stay and tumor recurrence rate between the 2 groups were compared.Results All the 60 operations for UUTUC were successful without conversion to open surgery.No intraoperative complications such as great vessels or surrounding organs damage occurred.There were 2 cases loss to follow-up in test group and 3 cases in control group.There were no significant differences in operation time,blood loss,follow-up time,tumor stage and tumor grade between the 2 groups.The hospital stay in the test group was shorter (5.5±2.0 d versus 7.1±2.2 d),the tumor recurrence rate was lower [4％ (1/28) versus 30％ (8/27)],and the differences were significant (P＜0.05).Conclusion Compared with RLNU combined with transurethral electric resection,RLNU combined with electric coagulation has advantages of shorter hospital stay and lower tumor recurrence rate.

Objective:To investigate the effect of the new nanomaterials,polyamidoamine dendrimers PAMAM-D,mediated foreign gene human decay accelerating factor(hDAF) for xenotransplantation transfected pig sperm cells.Methods:PAMAM-D/hDAF cDNA compounds were made.The compounds were divided into 0.2 μg,0.4μg,0.6μg,0.8 μg and 1.0μg groups (each group adding corresponding dose of PAMAM-D in accordance with the N/P ratio 10:1,20:1,40:1),then were digested by restriction enzymes.The compounds were incubated with washed pig sperm cells.Then the transfection efficiency was detected by in situ hybridization in the different groups.Results:The PAMAM-D molecule can prevent electrophoretic migration of DNA in the compound.After digested the compounds by restriction enzymes,DNA can not be degraded.The transfection efficiency was different in different groups.Among the total,the efficiency was higher in both groups of 0.4 μg and 0.6μg than that of others.The top was the group of 0.4 μg linear plasmid plus PAMAM-D when the N/P ratio was 20:1(47.5%±O.2%,167% vs control group).Conclusion:PAMAM-D can improve the efficiency of exogenous gene transfeeted pig sperm cells,which can reinforce the stable binding of exogenous DNA to sperm cells.