Purpose: To study the influences of immune suspression by oral administration of type Ⅱ collagen on the pathogenesis of collagen induced arthritis(CIA) and traumatic oseoarthritis(OA) in rats; Methods: Rat knee traumatic osteoarthritis model made by excision of medial collateral ligament and medial meniscetomy and CIA model were applied for the observation of the changes on hisological and histochemical staining and the inhibition of T cells after oral administration of type Ⅱ collagen. Results: In OA, although the T cells were suspressed by oral administration of type Ⅱ collagen, however, the the pathogenesis was not hindered comparing with RA. It indicated that for OA, machanical factor is more important than the immunological factor, oral administration of type Ⅱ collagen has little effect on decreasing the speed of development of OA. It is not adequate to take the remedy of oral administation of type Ⅱ collagen for the treatment of OA.

Objective To summarize the clinical effect of arthroscopic Pridie drilling technique for repairing full-thickness articular chondral defects of the knee.Methods A retrospective study was made on clinical data of 28 patients(29 knees) with full-thickness articular cartilage defects treated with arthroscopic Pridie drilling technique from November 1999 to July 2005 in this hospital.A Kirschner wire 1.0~1.2 mm in diameter was used in the procedure to puncture holes in the subchondral bone plate.Holes were made adjacent to each other as closely as possible,but not to break into neighbouring ones,with normally 2~3 mm apart.The depth of the hole was 3~4 mm.A protected weight-bearing protocol lasting 6~8 weeks and continous passive motion(CPM) were used postoperatively.The Tegner activity levels,the Meyers scores,and the Lysholm knee scores were used for evaluation before and after the operation.Results The surgical outcomes were classified as "excellent" in 19 cases,"good" in 5 cases,and "poor" in 4,with the total effective rate being 85.7%(24/28).The Tegner activity levels were elevated from 1.9?1.2 preoperatively to 4.9?1.9 postoperatively(t=10.912,P=0.001),the Meyers scores from 10.3?1.3 preoperatively to 15.9?2.6 postoperatively (t=10.101,P=0.005),and the Lysholm knee scores from 47.7?12.5 to 83.2?15.4(t=10.302,P=0.003),respectively.Conclusions Arthroscopic Pridie drilling is a simple,safe,mini-invasive,and effective technique, which appears to be a practical surgical option for the treatment of full-thickness articular chondral lesions of the knee.

Objective To observe the articular cartilage injuries complicated with the rupture of anterior cruciate ligament(ACL)in 21 athletes and 43 non-athletes,and investigate the cause and the pattern of cartilage of knee following the ACL rupture in those patients.Methods The pathologic change,location,degree of cartilage lesion were observed. The relationship between the incidence, occurrent time,degree of cartilage injury and ACL rupture,injured degree of cartilage and the course of ACL rupture were studied.Results The incidence of cartilage injury were 75% in all patients, 66.7% in athletes and 79%in non-athletes. Incidence of cartilage injury in non-athletes was significantly higher than that in athletes (P<0.01).Incidence of serious injury of cartilage in the course more than 1 year was significantly higher than that less than 1 year (P<0.01),but there were no statistical difference between the two groups.Conclusion The incidence of articular cartilage injury following ACL rupture were significantly raised in athletes and non-athletes. The longer the ACL ruptured, the more serious the cartilage injured. Results indicated that articular cartilage injuries in the ACL rupture knee were mainly caused by the instability of knee.

Objective To determine the biomechanical properties of anterior cruciate ligament allograft reconstructing posterior cruciate ligament in rabbits. Methods Based on the study of anatomy and biomechanics of normal rabbit cruciate ligaments, anterior cruciate ligament allografts were employed to reconstruct the posterior cruciate ligament in rabbits. The sterilized fresh-frozen allograft of bone-anterior cruciate ligament-bone were prepared and reserved for more than 14 days under -80 ℃. Twenty-four skeletally matured New Zealand white rabbits underwent a posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction on one knee randomly, the opposite knee was served as the paired control. Rabbits were sacrificed at 6, 12, 26 and 52 weeks respectively. Evaluations of the reconstructions and contralateral controls included the geometric, structural and material properties and rupture site. Results The mean length of the grafts at 52 weeks was 101% of the control (P=0.90), the cross-sectional area was 142%; the maximum load at 52 weeks was 83% of the control, the maximum elongation was 72%, the stiffness was 92%; the maximum stress at 52 weeks was 58% of the control, the maximum strain was 72%, and the modulds was 65%; the rupture site was all at the body part of the graft. The geometric, structural and material properties of the graft were gradually similar to those of the normal posterior cruciate ligament with the elapse of the time. Conclusion The biomechanical properpies of graft with similar material properties to normal posterior cruciate ligament following posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in rabbits was favourable. The similar material properties of graft to normal posterior cruciate ligament play the very important roles in the posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Objective To report the diagnostic and therapeutic effects of arthroscopic surgery on elbow sports injuries. Methods Nineteen patients with elbow diseases were treated by arthroscopic methods from January 1996 to February 2000. The modified HSS elbow rating scale was used as criteria of the efficacy. All patients were followed up for 4.5 months to 4.5 years (an average 8.6 months). Results Among nineteen patients, eleven had an excellent results, seven good, one poor, and satisfactory rate was 94.7 percent. Ten patients were satisfied greatly with the results,eight patients satisfied, one unsatisfied, the satisfactory rate was up to 94.7 percent according to the responses of questionnaire from the patients. The time resuming daily was in a medium of 7 days, and that for sports was in an average of 2.5 months. All the 11 cases of athletes and actors(actresses) resumed their previous seats. Complications occurred in 3 earlier cases, one had radial nerve temporary paralysis, the other two had residue loose bodies. Conclusion Elbow arthroscopic treatment is a reliable method with the advantages of minor trauma, quicker recovery and less traumatic manipulation. Careful pre-operative examination, selection of a safer portal of entry, and standard manipulation are very important points for the attainment of better results and less complications.

Objective To study the reasons, patterns of the injury and methods of early reconstruction of the articular cartilage injuries associated with the rupture of anterior cruciate ligament(ACL). Methods The pathologic change, location, degree of articular cartilage lesion were observed in 64 old ACL ruptures and 23 fresh ones by arthroscopy. The relationship between the incidence， duration of the injury, degree of cartilage injury and ACL ruptures, the correlation between the cartilage injury of femoral condyles and meniscus injury were studied. Results The incidence of articular cartilage injury in old ACL rupture group(75％ ) was significantly higher than that in fresh group(26％ )(P

Abstract Objective: To construct the Second half of CILP(C2) MBP fusion protein by sub-cloning technology. Methods: Recombinantfusion proteins, which contain the fragments within the C2 region(designated C2F1, C2F2 and C2F3) of the non-porcine nucleotide pyrophos-phohydrolase-homologous region of CILP, were prepared using pMAL-eHis vector. The recombinat genes are induced by different temperatures(22℃,30℃,37℃ ). Results: Expression using pMAL-eHis system can be induced chemically by adding IPTG. 37℃ temperature prmotes in-soluble inclusion-body formation,but 22℃ temperature can not induce the enough expression of recombinant protein. Onl 30℃ temperaturecan induce enough amount of soluble recombinant protein. The characers of fusion proteins that they carried 6 straight histidines, (His)6, at tbeC-terminus of multiple cloning sites for affinity purification were assessed by sodium dodecy1 sulfate-polyacylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE) and Western blot. Nucleotide sequences of the insertion genes were confirmed by dideoxy sequencing. Conclusion: C2F1, C2F2,C2F3-MBP fnsion proteins were constructed successfully.These recombinant proteins may provide important roles in the future study on CILP.

Objective To investigate the curative effect of complete ablation and partial ablation of parathyroid for secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) by using ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA) or microwave ablation (MWA). Methods A total of 26 patients with hyperparathyroidism secondary to uremia, who were admitted to authors’ hospital during the period from October 2012 to September 2013 to receive full ablation (n=11) or partial ablation (n=15) of parathyroid with MWA or RFA and were followed up for at least 9 months after the treatment, were included in this study. The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. The therapeutic effect and the influence of MWA and RFA on the serum calcium levels were compared between the two ablation methods. Results Analysis of parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels indicated that in full ablation group the postoperative PTH level was gradually decreased , when compared with the preoperative level, until it became stable and maintained the normal level, and no recurrence was observed;in partial ablation group the postoperative PTH level was decreased first with a subsequent rebound about nine months after the treatment, and this PTH level was higher than the PTH level of full ablation group as well as higher than the normal level (P<0.05). On the 15 patients of partial ablation group, recurrence was seen in 5. Analysis of serum calcium levels showed that the postoperative serum calcium level was decreased in both groups, but in partial ablation group the serum calcium levels determined at 3 and 9 months after the treatment were higher than those in full ablation group (P<0.05). In 11 patients of full ablation group, hypocalcemia occurred in 4. Conclusion In treating SHPT, full ablation of parathyroid is not likely to have postoperative relapse, but it might carry the risk of hypocalcemia; while partial ablation of parathyroid is likely to have postoperative relapse, but the serum calcium level can be well controlled. Considering from the view that controlling of the serum calcium level is clinically very important, partial ablation of parathyroid may be more suitable for clinical purpose.

Objective To compare the effect and toxicity of domestic idarubicin (IDA) and imported daunorubicin (DNR) in the treatment of acute leukemia (AL).Methods According to the random number table method,68 patients were randomly divided in IDA group with 35 patients and DNR group with 33 patients.In IDA group,the patients with acute myelocytic leukemia were treated following IA scheme (domestic idataubicin plus cytosine arabinoside) and the patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia were treated following VICLP scheme (vincristine,domestic idataubicin,cyclophosphamide,lasparaginase and prednisone).In DNR group,the patients with acute myelocytic leukemia were treated following DA scheme (imported daunorubicin plus cytosine arabinoside) and the patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia were treated following VDCLP scheme (vincristine,imported daunorubicin,cyclophosphamide,lasparaginase and prednisone).Results In IDA group,21 patients achieved a complete remission(CR),5 patients achieved a partial remission(PR),with a 74.2 ％ (26/35) remission rate (RR).In DNR group,the remission rate was 62.3 ％ (20/33).No differences of the remission rate was found between the two groups (t =0.89,P =0.50).17 patients were found remission over one year in IDA group,and 6 patients were in DNR group.The difference was statistically significant between the two groups (x2 =5.56,P =0.02).Conclusion IDA is more effective than DNR in AL treatment.The higher RR and longer remission time are found in IDA group than DNR group.IDA is effective and safe in the treatment of AL.

Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important pathophysiological role in osteoarthritis and cartilage metabolism. To determine the relationship between NO and the synthesis of type II collagen in cartilage, we measured levels of type II collagen by ELISA and procollagen (II) mRNA by RT-PCR in cultured lapine chondrocytes that were incubated with some kinds of reagents. 0.2mM sodium nitroprusside (SNP, a NO donor) can release high levels of NO, decreasing type II collagen, suppressing the expression of procollagen (II) mRNA (COL2A1).At the same time, chondrocytes showed a large increase in NO synthesis, a decrease in type II collagen and COL2A1 mRNA in response to 100u/ml IL-1. When 1mg/ml N-nitro-L-arginine methyl easter (NAME, an inhibitor of NO synthase) was mixed with IL-1, NO production was inhibited, the amounts of type II collagen recovered partially and COL2A1 mRNA recovered completely.These data indicate NO can inhibit type II collagen synthesis as IL-1 downstream molecule by suppressing procollagen (II) mRNA.