Objective To prepare centromere-associated protein E(CENP-E)polyclonal antibody with specificity by using New Zealand white rabbits.Methods Prokaryotic expression plasmid of pHis-CENPEC410 was constructed by molecular cloning technique and then transformed into competent cells of E.coli BL-21 (DE3).HisCENPEC410 fusion protein was induced by isopropyl β-D-thiogalactoside (IPTG) and purified by affinity chromatography using Ni-NTA beads.The purified protein was used as antigen to immune New Zealand white rabbits to produce spccific polyclonal antibody of CENP-E.The antibodies serum was detected by immunoblotting and co-immunoprecipitation,and the purified antibodies were detected by immunofluorescene staining.Results The results of immunoblotting and co-immunoprecipitation demonstrated that the antibody serum was effective and the purified antibody could be applied to immunofluorescene test.Conclusions CENP-E polyclonal antibody with high specificity and sensitivity was obtained,which lay the foundation for the follow-up study of CENP-E.

Objective To evaluate the significance of weight-bearing lateral radiographs in evaluation of malunited frac-tures of the ankle. Methods 17 patients with malunited fractures of the ankle were treated by different reconstructive operations be-tween March 2010 and October 2012, including 9 females and 8 males, aged from 17 to 64 years. According to the Takakura classifi-cation of ankle arthritis, there were 7 patients in grade 1, 4 in grade 2 and 6 in grade 3. Simple open reduction and internal fixation were performed in 5 patients, supramalleolar tibial osteotomy in 5, lengthening osteotomy of the fibula in 2, supramalleolar tibial and fibular osteotomy in 5. Tibiofibular clear space on the anteroposterior radiograph. Medial clear space, tibiofibular clear space and tib-iofibular overlap on ankle mortise radiographs were compared preoperatively and at last follow-up. Tibial lateral surface angle (TLS), the offset of the center of talar rotation from the tibial axis, and the displacement of tibiotalar articular surface center on weight-bear-ing lateral X-ray were also compared preoperatively and at last follow-up. AOFAS score was used to evaluate the function of the ankle. Results The duration of follow-up was 9 to 32 months. Bone healing was observed in all patients, and the average healing time was 11 to 14 weeks. Ankle joint degeneration grade had no exacerbation. The medial clear space, tibiofibular clear space and tibiofibular overlap had no significant difference between the pre and postoperative. Statistically significant change was seen postoperatively in the values of TLS (76.9°±4.1° vs 80.9°±5.2°). The offset of the center of rotation from the tibial axis and the displacement of tibiotalar articular surface center were changed from 10.8 ± 2.1 mm to 2.0 ± 0.5 mm and 4.5 ± 1.5 mm to 2.2 ± 1.0 mm, respectively. The average AOFAS score was improved from 45.7 ± 15.9 points preoperatively to 82.0 ± 9.9 points postoperatively. Conclusion Weight-bearing lateral radiographs can be used to judge the ankle restoration. Even if the mortise radiograph had relative good realignment, it may ap-pear obvious deformity on lateral radiographs. Good reduction of lateral radiographs requires that the mid axis of the tibia should pass through the center of talar rotation and tibiotalar articular surface be parallel on the lateral radiograph.

Objective To investigate the clinical curative result of the new method of postermedial deepen of the fibular groove in the treatment of chronic peroneal tendon subluxation.Methods From March 2006 to October 2012,21 patients (15 male,6 female) with chronic peroneal tendon subluxation via a novel method of postermedial deepen of the fibular groove.In this group:Ⅰ grade 5 cases;Ⅱ grade 9 cases;Ⅲ grade 5 cases;Ⅳ grade 2 cases.All patients were followed up for at least 24 months.The American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) Ankle-Hindfoot scale score and visual analogue score (VAS) were used to evaluate the clinical outcomes.Operation time,time to heal and complications were also recorded.Results The average operation time was 50 minutes (30-70 minutes).The blood loss was 30-60 ml,average 40 ml.All incisions healed after operation,no case of incision infection,skin necrosis and sural nerve,vascular injuryed.Mean AOFAS score was significantly increased from (55.2±7.1) preoperative to (93.6±5.6) postoperative.15 patients with excellent,good for 1 cases.The excellent and good rate was 100％ (16/16).VAS score by an average of (5.3±2.1) points down to (1.2±1.1) points postperative.All the patients can wear normal shoes postoperative,waking with normal gait.No patients had peroneal tendon tenosynovitis,tendon adhesion,fracture of lateral malleolus and other serious complications,no dislocation recurrent,strength of the peroneal muscle returns to normal.Conclusion The novel method of postermedial deepen of the fibular groove in the treatment of chronic peroneal tendon subluxation was safe and effective for ankle instability with a relatively short time.

Objective To explore the role of chromokinesin KIF4A in gastric cancer cell invasion using gastric cancer cells SGC-7901 and chromokinesin KIF4A deficient gastric cancer cells (SGC-shKIF4A).Methods Expression levels of KIF4A in controlling gastric cancer cells (SGC-shNC) and SGC-shKIF4A cells were determined by Western Blot.Invasion of gastric cancer cells were assessed using Transwell invasion assay and the number of cells passing through the matrigel was counted.Changing numbers of cortactin in SGC-7901,SGC-shNC,and SGC-shKIF4A cells were analyzed by immunofluorescence staining.Results Compared to the SGC-shNC cells,invasion ability of SGC-shKIF4A cells was increased.Compared to other cells,the numbers of cortactin in SGC-shKlF4A cells was also increased suggesting invadopodia in these cells was increased(P＜0.01).Conclusions Chromokinesin KIF4A acts as a tumor suppressor by inhibiting gastric cancer cells invasion and the results provides strong evidences for KIF4A serving as one of potent targets for gastric cancer prognostics and treatment in clinic.

Objective KIF18A is a protein that has close relation with mitotic regulation and tumor development.This study aimed to establish KIF18A protein expression system in baculovirus,which may help to realize high efficient synthesis of KIF1 8A protein in vitro.Methods Transfer vector was constructed with molecular cloning method,and recombinant baculovirus were obtained through gene transposition.KIF18A protein was expressed by transforming recombinant baculovirus into infected insect Sf-9 cells to realize the synthesis efficiency.Results It was confirmed by DNA sequencing,microscopic observation and Western Blot that the KIF18A protein expression system in baculovirus was successfully established.Conclusions Conditions for transfer vector and recombinant virus transfection are defined,and high efficient KIF18A protein baculovirus expression system are successfully constructed.

Objective To establish KIF4A 3'UTR esiRNA library and analyze the advantage of method in studying the function of KIF4A in SGC-7901 cells.Methods The GST-fusion protein of Escherichia coli endoribonuclease Ⅲ (GST-RNase Ⅲ) was used to digest the double strand RNA (dsRNA),which was transcribed in vitro from a 502bp template of KIF4A genome (T7-KIF4A 3'UTR).The KIF4A esiRNA library generated from the above method and chemically synthesized KIF4A siRNA were then used to transfect SGC-7901 cells at 10 nmol/L and 20 nmol/L.Real-time quantitative PCR and Western Blot were used to detect the mRNA and protein level of KIF4A,respectively.Results The KIF4A esiRNA library was effectively established from dsRNA digestion using GST-RNase Ⅲ.KIF4A expression was significantly reduced in SGC-7901 cells transfected with KIF4A esiRNA or siRNA.In addition,the inhibitory effect of KIF4A esiRNA was more effective than that of chemically synthesized siRNA.Conclusion KIF4A esiRNA library which was obtained using biological method can more effectively inhibited the expression of KIF4A more effectively in SGC-7901 cells than chemically synthesized siRNA.Therefore,esiRNA library can be used as a new and more effective method in studying the function of KIF4A in SGC-7901 cells.

Objective To explore the expressions of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) in hepatobiliary calculus associated with cholangiocarcinoma (HCWC) and their clinical significance. The relationship between the expressions of COX-2, PTEN and the onset and progression of HCWC was investigated to form an experimental base for the prevention and treatment of HCWC. Methods Thirty seven patients with tumor tissues of HCWC (group C), thirty patients with tissues of bile duct surrounding intrahepatic calculus (group B), and ten patients with normal tissues of bile duct from operations of hemangiomas of liver or liver trauma as the control (group A) were sampled and collected. A two-step immunohistochemistry (SP method) was employed to detect and statistically analyze the expressions of COX-2 and PTEN in each of the 3 groups. Results In groups A, B, C, the positive rate of the expression of COX-2 was 10%,33.3%, and 70.3%, respectively. The positive rates of expression of COX-2 in the carcinoma tissues of HCWC was significantly higher compared with the control group (P＜0. 01). In groups A, B, C the positive rates of the expression of PTEN was 90. 0%, 80. 0%, and 35.0%, respectively. The positive rate of expression of PTEN in the carcinoma tissues of HCWC was significantly lower than the control group (P＜0. 01). The expression of COX-2 was followed by a low expression of PTEN in the tissues of HCWC. Kendall's related analysis showed a strong negative correlation between the expression of COX-2 and PTEN in HCWC (r=-0. 323, P＜0. 05). Conclusions A high expression of COX-2 was related to HCWC. There was a negative correlation between the expressions of COX-2 and PTEN in HCWC. A high expression of COX-2 and a low expression of PTEN suggested a high chance of HCWC in extrahepatic or lymphatic metastasis.

Objective To discuss rational diagnosis and treatment of acute infrarenal abdominal aortic occlusion. Methods Retrospective analysis was made on 6 cases with acute infrarenal abdominal aortic occlusion from January 2005 to December 2008. Emergency operations of retrograde catheter were done on 3 cases, 2 cases received transaortic embolectomy, 1 case received anticoagulation therapy successfully. Results Two cases were cured, 2 cases with 3 legs received amputation, 2 cases died. The time in hospital was 4 hours to 122 days, averaged (24±55) days. Conclusions A prompt thrombolytic, anticoagulation therapy and operation are suggested. It is emphasized to prevent reperfusion injury after arterial ischemia during the peri-and post-operation. Conservative treatment may be used in the patients incorporated with seriously multiple organ failure.

Objective To evaluate the effect of isoflurane preconditioning on inflammatory responses during spinal cord injury (SCI ) in rats .Methods Sixty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats ,weighing 250-300 g , were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n= 20 each ) using a random number table :sham operation group (S group) , SCI group , and isoflurane preconditioning group (I group ) . The animals were anesthetized with intraperitoneal pentobarbital sodium 40 mg/kg .SCI was produced by a weight-drop contusion at the T10 level .The rats inhaled 2% isoflurane for 2 h ,and the model was established at 24 h after the end of isoflurane inhalation in I group . Neurological function was assessed and scored by using the the Basso , Beattie , Bresnahan (BBB ) Locomotor Rating Scale on 7 days after SCI .Five rats in each group were then chosen and spinal cord specimens were obtained and cut into sections which were stained with haematoxylin and eosin for determination of the viable neuron count .Fifteen rats in each group were sacrificed and the spinal cord was removed for detection of nuclear factor kappaB (NF-κB ) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) expression (by Western blot ) .Results Compared with S group ,BBB score and the number of viable neurons were significantly decreased ,and the expression of NF-κB and IL-1βprotein was up-regulated in SCI group ( P<0.05) .Compared with SCI group ,BBB score and the number of viable neurons were significantly increased ,and the expression of NF-κB and IL-1βprotein was down-regulated in group I ( P<0.05 ) .Conclusion The mechanism by which isoflurane preconditioning protects the spinal cord is related to inhibition of inflammatory responses in rats .

Objective To study on the different results of a minimally invasive method to reconstruct the ligaments of the lateral ankle using semitendinosus tendon autograft and tendon allograft.Methods Data of 68 patients with chronic ankle instability who had undergone lateral ligament reconstruction from September 2006 to June 2011 were retrospectively analyzed.In the group of semitendinosus autograft,there were 32 patients (19 males,13 females) with an average age of 32.4 years old.Semitendinosus was harvested through 2 small knee incisions.While in the group of tendon allograft,there were 36 patients (22 males,14 females) with an average age of 34.2 years old.For the ankle reconstruction,4 small incisions of 5 mm each were made at the medial and lateral side of the fibular tip,the talar neck,and the middle of the calcaneus.Anatomical reconstruction of the anterior talofibular ligament and calcaneofibular ligament was then performed through these small incisions.AOFAS questionnaires were used to measure clinical outcomes,donor site morbidity and patients' satisfaction.Preoperative and postoperative stress tests were performed and radiographic parameters were measured.Results The average operation time of the autograft group 85.5 ± 11.5 min was significantly longer than that in the allograft group 58.1±10.2 min,but the fever days in the latter 5.5±1.5 d was significantly longer than in the former 2.5±1.2 d.In autograft group,23 patients got followed up,and the mean period of follow-up was 33.5±6.7 months.The mean AOFAS score increased from 62.3±8.2 to 95.1 ±7.5.In allograft group,26 patients got followed up,and the mean period of follow-up was 28.5±6.7 months.The mean AOFAS score increased from 60.2±8.4 to 94.8±5.5.There were 5 patients (3 of autugraft group and 2 of allograft group) with residual instability on uneven ground.One case of the autologous group had instability in daily life.No patient presented weakness or disability in the donor site.The satisfaction level of the autograft group was excellent in 16,good in 5 and bad in 2.Significant improvement in stress radiographic parameters was noted for the talar tilt angle,with reduction from a mean of 14.0° to 3.8°; anterior talar displacement reduced from a mean of 12.3 to 4.6 mm.The satisfaction level of the allograft group was excellent in 17,good in 5 and bad in 4.The talar tilt angle reduced from 13.0° to 3.6°; anterior talar displacement reduced from 11.5 to 4.3 mm.Conclusion There is no differences in efficacy could we found in using these 2 kinds of materials.The process of healing and rehabilitation of tendon autograft is slightly faster than the tendon allograft,but the allograft tendon has many advantages such as limited injury,simple procedure andavoiding of donor site morbidity.