Based on the adjacent matrix, a new principal quantum number topological index mX was set up：0X=Σ(δi)0.5， 1X=Σ(δi*δ\-j)0.5. The 0X, 1X values of 94 molecules for 13 series of compounds are calculated. It is found that 0X, 1X are correlated well with the retention indices RI of gas chromatography for these compounds .The results show that all the correlation coefficients are larger than 0.97. It has been demonstrated that the method possesses the advantage of easy computation and clear physical significance.

Training ability and level of trauma management skills have an straight influence on the results of pre-hospital care and treatment of casualties, and thus are very important to save the life of the wounded and to reduce the mutilation rate. The adoption of a teaching module employing a human analogue significantly improves first aid training level, which can help the students master trauma management skills and gain self-confidences. The application of virtual realty technique and human analogue to such first-aid training is reviewed as the training for dressing, hemostasis, fracture fixation, casualty transport, cardiopulmonary resuscitation and urgent airway management.

Objective Carbon dots (CDs) are an emerging carbon nano-material which is environmentally-friendly, economical , efficient and stable .Their fluorescence properties can match the semiconductor quantum dot .Moreover , CDs have more excellent biocompatibilities .The purpose of this experiment is to apply CDs to the fluorescent immune probe to make them a new label , which can replace the traditional fluorescent dyes .Methods Using microwave heating method , the high strength fluorescent carbon dots were prepared .Wtih the EDC coupling method , the high strength fluorescent car-bon dots could bond with Escherichia coli antibodies to form a complex immune fluorescent probe .Specific recognition exper-iments were carried out in the model of E.coli O157∶H7.Results CDs were successfully applied to immune recognition of E.coli O157∶H7 and multicolor fluorescence was observed .Conclusion CDs can serve as a label of the fluorescent im-mune probe , and are expected to become a new type of low toxicity biosensor with independent intellectual property rights .

Background and purpose: Thyroid carcinoma cells spread mainly through lymph node metastasis, and lymphangiogenesis plays an important role during the lymph node metastasis, but it is not very clear to understand the formation mechanism. This study was to investigate the correlative expressions of HPSE, VEGF-C, D2-40 and lymphangiogenesis in thyroid carcinoma. Methods: Immunohistochemistry SP method was used to detect the expressions of HPSE, VEGF-C and D2-40 in 77 patients with thyroid carcinoma including papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC),medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), 32 of them with lymph node metastasis was enrolled into the study, D2-40 stained the lymphatic vessels, and lymphatic vessel density (LVD) was scanned under the light-microscope, and the correlation among the above indexes in different thyroid carcinoma types were analyzed respectively. Results: The expressions of HPSE, VEGF-C and D2-40 were observed to have a different degree in thyroid carcinoma, and the highest expression of the protein could be seen in the patients with papillary carcinoma (P<0.05),The expression ratios of HPSE,VEGF-C and D2-40 in different carcinoma types were 54.9%, 68.6%, 12.8±5.7 for PTC, 37.5%, 50%, 8.6±1.7 for FTC, 20% and 20%, 4.9±0.8 for MTC, respectively. There were significant different expressions of HPSE, VEGF-C and D2-40 between the patients with lymph node-positive group and node-negative group (P=0.014, P=0.048, respectively). In addition, the expressions of them were positively correlated (P<0.001, r=0.616). Conclusion: HPSE, VEGF-C and D2-40 have a close relationship with lymph node metastasis, HPSE and VEGF-C are related to the lymphangiogenesis.

Objective To identify anal canal structures by dual plane transrectal ultrasound. Methods One anorectal specimen was observed by ultrasonography when needles were placed in different anal muscle layers respectively. Fifty patients with no anorectal or perianal diseases were examined by transrectal ultrasound to verify the sonographic features of anal canal, meanwhile the inner and outer sphincters and longitudinal combination muscle were measured. The ultrasound images of anal canal were compared with MR images. Fifty patients were divided into three groups according to the age: 25- 40 years old, 41 -55 years old,and ＞55 years old. Results The sonographic features of anal canal structures by transrectal ultrasound were identified. Anal canal sonographic images and MR images had consistency. The thickness of inner sphincter in each group was (0.19 ± 0.03)cm, (0.22 ± 0.02)cm, (0.24 ± 0.03)cm respectively,while outer sphincter (0.44 ± 0.03)cm, (0.49 ± 0.04)cm, (0.52 ± 0.04)cm, and longitudinal combination muscle (0.10±0.02)cm,(0.11 ± 0.02)cm,(0.11 ± 0.02)cm. Conclusions Transrectal ultrasound is a simple,efficient and non-invasive method to examine anal canal which can identify anal canal structures clearly.

Objective To explore the application value of ultra -high frequency ultrasound in detection of femoral artery stenosis in rabbits.Methods Twenty-four healthy male New Zealand white rabbits (body weight 2.5 -3.0 kg) were randomly divided into three groups , 8 rabbits in each group.Preparation of femoral atherosclerosis model : the rabbits were fed with high fat diet for 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks after femoral artery balloon injury , respectively.The changes of cholesterol level were observed .We used ultra-high frequency ultrasonic probe to observe the femoral artery , to assess the diameter stenosis rate and peak systolic velocity (SPV) at the symptomatic side, and the histological areal stenosis was evaluated.Results 1.The blood cholesterol levels were increased after fed high cholesterol diet , with a significant difference among the groups (P <0.001); 2.There was a stenosis to a different degree in the modeling artery after fed high cholesterol diet for 4 wks, 8 wks, and 12 wks, and the stenosis degree was increased gradually .At 12 w, the degree of stenosis was higher than that at 4 w and 8 w, respectively, showing statistical significance ( P <0.001).At the symptomatic side, the peak systolic flow velocity was increased , and it was higher at 12 w than that at 4w and 8 w, respectively.3.With the extension of time, the arterial stenosis rate was increased along with the time course (P <0.05). Conclusions 1.High fat diet combined with balloon injury can cause varying degrees of rabbit femoral artery stenosis ; 2. Ultrahigh frequency ultrasound can clearly show different degrees of rabbit femoral artery stenosis , and can be used for detecting the lesions in animal models of peripheral vascular diseases .

Objective To evaluate the clinical results of self-designed double-pivot extracorporeal reduction device in internal fixation with percutaneous pedicle screws for thoracolumbar fractures.Methods From January 2014 to May 2015,a total of 41 patients with thoracolumbar fracture without neurological symptoms underwent minimally invasive fixation with percutaneous pedicle screws.Of them,22 were treated with our self-designed double-pivot extracorporeal reduction device and the other 20 with common single-pivot extracorporeal reduction device.The 2 groups were compared in terms of pre-and postoperative kyphotic angles,correction rates and anterior,middle and posterior heights of injured vertebrae to evaluate the therapeutic effects of the self-designed double-pivot extracorporeal reduction device.Results The patients were followed up for 6 to 18 months (average,12.3 months).No iatrogenic impairment of nerve root,postoperative infection,or implant failure happened.Compared with preoperation,significant improvements were observed in all the patients regarding cobb's angle,anterior,middle and posterior heights of the fractured vertebral body (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the single-pivot group,the double-pivot group were significantly superior in the kyphotic angle,correction rate,and anterior and middle heights of the injured vertebrae(P ＜ 0.05),but there was no significant difference between the 2 groups in the recovery of posterior height of the fractured vertebral body (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Compared with the single-pivot reduction device,the self-designed double-pivot reduction device may be preferable in percutaneous pedicle screw fixation for thoracolumbar fractures.

ObjectiveTo observe ultrasound images of normal full-term intracranial venous system,in order to provide reference images and guidelines for clinical practice.Methods Courser shape and spectrum characters by anterior fontanel acoustic window of 65 normal newborn infants had been observed.Results①The demonstration of subendymal vein,cerebral vein,Galen vein longitudinal sinus,straight sinus,lateral sinus confluence was 100％,that of basal vein and falcial sinus was 21％ (14/65) and 29％ (19/65),respectively.②The flow rate of a cranial vein decreased.③ In the overall 65 cases,9 ependymal veins,intracranial veins,Galen veins,62 sinus rectus,63 lateral sinuses,65 longitudinal sinuses and confluence sinuums had impulsive blood spectrum.A basal vein had impulsivity in 14 cases.4 of 19 falcial sinuses had impulsivity.Conclusions Color Doppler ultrasound can identify intracranial veins effectively,but some limitations must be taken into account.Blood flow rate of Galen vein sinus confluence is immeasurable.

Breast cancer is the leading cause of malignancy-related mortality in women worldwide. The more accurate prediction of lymph node metastasis and evaluation of personalized prognosis of breast cancer patients could provide evidence and reference for individualized comprehensive treatment and clinical decision-making. Nomogram is statistical calculation model developed to generate individualized prediction of a certain clinical event through the factors associated with it. Currently breast cancer related nomogram models is most commonly used in the prediction of non-sentinel lymph node status in patients with sentinel lymph node-positive breast cancer, sentinel lymph node metastasis in clinical node-negative breast cancer and prognosis evaluation of breast cancer. This article reviewed the recent advances in breast cancer related nomograms according to the above mentioned three aspects, and evaluated respectively the predictive factors, accuracy, characteristics and clinical application potential.

Objective To explore the value of the ultrasound contrast agent in conjunction with advanced contrast imaging techniques in the evaluation of the renal cortical perfusion. Methods The animal model was established with ligating renal artery to cause the renal cortical perfusion decrease of rabbits. Real-time harmonic gray scale imaging was performed to visualize the contrast enhancement of the renal cortex. After bolus injection of contrast agent SonoVue, dynamic image was observed and recorded during the first three minutes. According to the time-intensity curve (TIC), accelerating time (AT),Peak intensity (A), time to half of peak intensity (T), difference between peak and base (PBD), slope rate of the curve (β) and the product of A and β (A·β) were obtained before and after the renal artery operation. The t test and correlation analysis was used to examine the above parameters. Results Before the renal artery operation, renal cortex enhanced rapidly and obviously, the way of the enhancement was renal artery-cortex-pyramids. After ligation of renal artery, AT prolonged evidently (P<0.001), A decreased obviously (P<0.001), T obviously shortened (P<0.001), PBD decreased markedly (P<0.001), while the decline of βinduced (P<0.002) and A·βobvious dropped(P<0.001). AT, BPD and A·βcorrelated with stenosis level of renal artery. Compared with 31%－69% group, AT prolonged evidently (P<0.001). A decreased obviously (P<0.029), PBD decreased obviously (P<0.001), A·β was dropped markedly (P<0.02) in 70%-93% stenosis group. Conclusions Contrast agent combining with developed contrast specific imaging is able to detect changes of renal cortical microcirculation sensitively with the help of analysis of TIC.