Objective·To compare the efficacy of video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) and conventional lung volume reduction surgery for the treatment of patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with a meta-analysis.Methods·Randomized controlled trials (RCT) and non-randomized control studies of VATS (the VATS group) and conventional lung volume reduction surgery (the thoracotomy group) for treating patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were collected from databases,including Web of Science,EMbase,PubMed,the Cochrane Library,CNKI,CBM disc,WanFang Data,and VIP.The latest literature was published in November 2016.The assessment included the quality of literature and RevMan5.3 software was used to perform the meta-analysis.Results·Of 779 retrieved articles,12 studies involving 966 patients were included according to the inclusion criteria.The results of meta-analysis showed that the operation time of bilateral LVRS was longer in the VATS group than in the thoracotomy group,but the difference in the operation time of single LVRS between the two groups was not statistically significant.The difference in the duration of chest tube drainage for bilateral LVRS between the two groups was not statistically significant,while the duration of chest tube drainage for single LVRS was significantly shorter in the VATS group than in the thoracotomy group.The amount of intraoperative blood loss postoperative drainage was significantly smaller in the VATS group than in the thoraeotomy group.Postoperative pulmonary function and blood gas analysis showed that the 6 min walking distance was longer in the VATS group than in the thoracotomy group.The differences in FEV1 and PaO2 between the two groups were not statistically significant,as well as the difference in postoperative complications between the two groups.Conclusion·Comparing to conventional lung volume reduction surgery,Video-Assisted thoracic lung volume reduction surgery is a better choice.However,randomized control trials with higher quality and larger scale are required for verification this conclusion due to limitations of the quality and samples of these studies.

AIM: To investigate the antagonistic effect of zinc on hepatic ischemia- reperfusion (HIR) injury and the effect of zinc on the expression of adhesion molecules in rat liver to clarify the mechanisms involved. METHODS: After zinc supplementation (5 ?mol/kg bw,po) , the changes in hepatocellular morphology,ALT and AST activities in serum,MDA levels in serum,and expression of ICAM-1,VCAM-1 in liver of the animals subjected to HIR were examined. RESULTS: The results showed that HIR (30 minutes of ischemia followed by 90 minutes of reperfusion) significantly increased ALT, AST activities and MDA levels in serum. The destruction of hepatic structure was observed in HIR rats. In the mean time, the expression of adhesion molecule was enhanced.After zinc administration, ALT and AST activities in serum and MDA levels in serum were all decreased. The structure of hepatocyte was nearly normal.The further experiment showed that adhesion molecule expression was suppressed.CONCLUSION: These results indicate that zinc may protect liver against ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting the production of free radicals and the expression of adhesion molecule.

Objective To analyze the flavonoid content of common fruits consumed in China.Method Thirty-eight fruits were sampled from Beijing,Tianjin,Shanghai and Hangzhou.The contents of quercetin,kaempferol,luteolin,myricetin,apigenin were determined with high-performance liquid chromatography.Results Pomegranate and hawthorn were the highest in contents of 5 flavonoids among 38 fruits.Quercetin distributed more widely and was more abundant than other flavonoids in fruits.The daily intake of 5 flavonoids from fruits by Chinese people was estimated to be 2.80 mg.Conclusion The content of flavonoids varies significantly among different fruits and quercetin is the most common flavonoid contained in fruits.

Objective To analyze the flavonoid content of common vegetables consumed in China.Method Forty-six vegetables were sampled from Beijing,Tianjin,Shanghai and Hangzhou.The contents of quercetin,kaempferol,luteolin,myricetin,apigenin were determined with high-performance liquid chromatography.Results Mei celery sampled from Hangzhou was the highest in content of 5 flavonoids among 46 vegetables.Quercetin distributed more widely and was more abundant than other flavonoids in vegetables.The daily intake of 5 flavonoids from vegetables by Chinese people was estimated to be 13.90 mg,in which quercetin accounted for 51.1%.Conclusion The content of flavonoids varies significantly among different vegetables and quercetin is the most common flavonoid contained in vegetables.The dietary intake of flavonoids was more from vegetables than fruits in Chinese people.

Objective: To develop a high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for determination of riboflavin, FMN, and FAD in human plasma and erythrocytes. Method: Waters 600 model HPLC pump and an Atlantis TM C18 column (150 mm?4.6 mm i.d. 5 ?m) were used. The mobile phase consisted of 35% methanol and 65% 5 mmol/L ammonium acetate solution. The flow rate was 1.0ml/min. The spectro-photofluorimeter was set at wavelength of 450 nm for excitation and 520 nm for emission. Plasma and erythrocyte hemolyzed samples were treated with acetonitrile and chloroform. and the supernatant was analyzed. Results: A good linear correlation existed between riboflavin, FMN and FAD concentration (from 1 to 400 nmol/L) and fluorescence intensity. The detection limits were 2.0 nmol/L, 2.5nmol/L and 2.5nmol/L at a signal to noise ratio of 3, respectively. The intra-assay and inter-assay relative standard deviations were in the range of 1.3% to 3.7%. The recoveries for riboflavin, FMN and FAD in both plasma and erythrocytes were satisfactory. Conclusion:This method for determination of riboflavin,FMN, and FAD in human plasma and erythrocytes is sensitive, rapid and accurate.

Objective:[WT5BZ]To explore the molecular mechanism of protection of zinc against hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury(HIRI). [WT5HZ]Methods:[WT5BZ]The expression of hepatic metallothionein 1(MT 1)gene and regulation by zinc were determined by RT PCR(reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction)in HIRI rats. [WT5HZ]Results:[WT5BZ]1.Hepatic MT 1 mRNA was expressed in all groups;2.The level of hepatic MT 1 mRNA in HIRI group(ischemia 30 min,reperfusion 90 min)was significantly lower than control.After zinc supplementation,the content of hepatic MT 1 mRNA was increased significantly;3.The hepatic MT 1 expression was also enhanced by zinc in normal rats. [WT5HZ]Conclusion:[WT5BZ]The results of our studies suggest that the regulation of hepatic MT 1 genes by zinc is one of the main ways contributed to the mechanism of protection by zinc in HIRI.

Objective To investigate the effects of oxidative stress on homocysteine and related amino acids metabolism in methionine-loading BRL rat hepatocytes.Methods Cultured BRL rat hepatocytes were divided into control and oxidatively stressed group(100 μmol/L H2O2 was added in culture medium for 2 hours),methionine group(50 mmol/L methionine was added in culture medium for 1 hour),and oxidatively stressed + methionine group(100 μmol/L H2O2 was added in culture medium for 2 hours + 50 mmol/L methionine was added in culture medium for 1 hour).At the end of the experiment,culture fluid was collected.Homocysteine,cysteine,and glutathione were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography,and amino acids were assayed by amino acids analyzer.Results Compared with the control group,the contents of homocysteine[(3.76 ± 0.22)vs.(1.54±0.05)μmol/L,P=0.000]and cysteine[(199.80 ±8.75)vs.(99.11 ±2.47)μmol/L,P=0.000]significantly increased in methionine group,and the contents of homocysteine[(3.84 ± 0.34)vs.(1.54 ±0.05)μmol/L,P=0.000]and cysteine[(200.66±8.60)vs.(99.11 ±2.47)μ mol/L,P=0.000]also increased in oxidatively stressed + methionine group.Compared with oxidatively stressed group,the concentrations of homocysteine[(3.76 ± 0.22)vs.(1.67 ± 0.13)μmol/L,P =0.000],cysteine[(199.80 ± 8.75)vs.(82.64±15.88)μmol/L,P=0.000],and glutathione[(1.50 ±0.14)vs.(1.00 ±0.11)μ mol/L,P=0.011)]significantly increased in methionine group,and the concentrations of homocysteine[(3.84 ± 0.34)vs.(1.67±0.13)μmol/L,P=0.000],cysteine[(200.66±8.60)vs.(82.64±15.88)μmol/L,P=0.000]and glutathione[(1.40 ± 0.30)vs.(1.00 ± 0.11)μmol/L,P =0.028]significantly increased in oxidatively stressed + methionine groups.Compared with the control group,the contents of serine[(12.41 ± 1.51)vs.(24.00 ±2.54)mg/L,P =0.000],glutamate[(33.31 ±0.17)vs.(43.10 ±0.52)mg/L,P =0.000]and glycine[(6.23 ± 0.18)vs.(24.66 ± 10.87)mg/L,P =0.000]significantly decreased,while taurine [(7.99 ±0.16)vs.(6.17 ±0.15)mg/L,P =0.000]increased significantly in oxidatively stressed group.Compared with the oxidatively stressed group,the concentrations of serine[(16.98 ± 0.39)vs.(12.41 ± 1.51)mg/L,P=0.006)]and glutamate[(35.44 ±0.82)vs.(33.31 ±0.17)mg/L,P =0.002]in methionine group significantly increased,while taurine[(3.77 ±0.16)vs.(7.99 ±0.16)mg/L,P =0.000]significantly decreased in methionine group.Compared with the methionine group,the contents of serine[(12.59 ± 0.66)vs.(16.98±0.39)mg/L,P=0.008],glutamate[(30.87±0.60)vs.(35.44±0.82)mg/L,P=0.000]significantly decreased while taurine[(4.37 ± 0.12)vs.(3.77 ± 0.16)mg/L,P =0.001]in oxidatively stressed + methionine group significantly increased.Conclusion Oxidative stress can somehow promote homocysteine production in methionine loading BRL rat hepatocytes,but it is not the main effects.

Objective: To investigate the effects of quercetin on hepatic vein metabolic profiles in rats. Methods: Male Wistar rats were administrated orally with 40 mg/kg quercetin. Hepatic vein plasma was collected at 0 h, 0.5 h, 1 h, 2 h and 4 h respectively after administration and analyzed by 1H NMR. Results: The identifiable biochemical effects associated with quercetin dosing included decreased plasma concentration of glucose and increased plasma concentration of succinate,β-hydroxybutyrate and pyruvate. Conclusion: Quercetin changes hepatic metabolism in rats, manifested mainly as increased glucose catabolism and production of ketone bodies.

Objective:To investigate the effects of quercetin on metabolic profiles of portal blood plasma in rats. Method:Twenty five male Wistar rats were administered orally with 40 mg/kg bw quercetin. Portal blood was collected at 0,0.5h,1 h,2 h and 4 h after dosing respectively and analyzed by 1H NMR. The acquired data were subjected to partial least-squares discriminant analysis. Results:The identified biochemical effects associated with quercetin dosing included increased plasma concentrations of dimethyl sulfoxide,lactate,glucose,alanine,glutamate,succinate,?-hydroxybutyrate,acetone and decreased plasma concentrations of citrate and tyrosine. Conclusion:Quercetin may change the intestinal endogenous metabolism significantly in rats.