At present, a series of problems such as education utilitarianism and non humanization caused by the lack of the humanities education idea has exerted a serious influence on the existence and development of the universities themselves and their role on the development of social process. Therefore there is an urgent need to reconstruct the humanities education idea around four centre concepts of value: humanization,personalization, synthesization and socialization to give full play to the university′s humanities education function and recreate the spirit of the universities.

As inhibitors of osteoclasts, Bisphosphonates are a group of drugs used in the treatment of oncology patients with bone metastases. However, some reports have described osteonecrosis of the jaws occurring after taking drugs containing bisphosphonates. The advances in clinical manifestation, imaging findings as well as the mechanisms of bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jaws were reviewed in this article.

Objective To study the feasibility of cerebral perfusion weighted imaging(PWI)using superparamagnetic iron oxide particles(SPIO)Resovist in normal rabbits,and investigate the methodology and the proper contrast agent dose of SPIO in PWI.Methods All 30 rabbits were randomly divide into 5 groups(n=6 for each),group A,B,C,D were divided according to the different dose of Resovist(4,8,16 and 32 μmol Fe/kg)and group E was operated as control study with 0.2 mmol/kg Gd-DTPA.The dynamic MR perfusion imaging series were acquired in each group.The signal intensity time curves were analyzed in gray matter and white matter,and the parameters(rCBV,SRRmax,QrCBV,QSRR max)were calculated and compared in all groups and correlated with control one.Results a bolus injection was succeed for all studies.and a dose-dependent strong reduction in signal intensity of gray and white matter in all groups was demonstrated.The rCBV values of gray and white matter for group A,B,C,D and E were(50.48±3.84),(25.57±2.10);(94.69±2.60),(45.33±3.14);(141.13±6.26),(67.67±4.65);(243.75±5.90),(162.06±5.14);and(84.60±3.60),(41.36±2.18)ml/100 g,respectively.The SRRmax values of gray and white matter for group A,B,C,D and E were(13.70±1.50)%,(7.38±0.41)%;(31.01±4.06)%,(16.49±2.35)%;(43.81±3.42)%,(21.64±4.14)%;(64.49±5.35)%,(43.61±5.78)%;and(27.78±2.98)%,(14.42±2.25)%;respectively.The QrCBV values for group A,B,C,D and E were 1.98±0.07,2.09±0.11,2.09±0.07,1.50±0.01,and 2.05±0.03,respectively,and the QSRR max values for group A,B,C,D and E were 1.85±0.11,1.88±0.06,2.06±0.25,1.49±0.09,and 1.94±0.12,respectively.All above values among group were significantly different(P＜0.01).For the QrCBV and QSRR max values between group,there were no significant difference between group A and B,B and C,A and C;while the values of group A was significantly larger than those of group D(P＜0.01).Condusion Resovist(SPIO)can be used in the study of MR perfusion weighted imaging in the brain,and the proper contrast agent dose is 4-16 μmol Fe/kg.

Objective　To study the clinical application of MRI in neonatal asphyxia.Methods　There were twenty-two cases of full term infants(≤one year old),they all had asphyxia during delivery.Transverse section on TSE T2-weighted,TSE T1-weighted and FLAIR sequences,and sagittal section on TSE T2-weighted were obtained on MRI.Results　The abnormal signal intensity in white matter on MRI were found in 15 cases.The volume of white matter was decreased in three cases.Subarachnoid spaces of frontal and temporal lobe were enlarged in two cases.Two cases were normal on MRI.Conclusion　We believed that the changes of the white matter of brain in neonatal asphyxia can be showed on MRI,it is of important significance for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Objective To evaluate the value of Feridex in demonstrating small focal lesions of the liver on MRI and to discuss the optimal scan time after intravenous administration of Feridex. Methods Small focal lesions in the liver were found on ultrasound or CT in 17 patients. Conventional MR plain scan and Gd-DTPA enhanced scan were performed. One to three days later, T 2 weighted imaging was repeated at 0.5 h, 3 h, and 6 h after Feridex was administered intravenously over 30-40 min at a dose of 0.05 ml/kg. The pre- and post-contrast T 2WI were compared and analyzed in terms of lesion detectability and signal change. Results Twenty-one lesions with diameter smaller than 1 cm were found on the Feridex enhanced images, and only 8 lesions were found on the conventional MR images. The small hepatic cancers, focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH), and regenerated nodules had different signal changes on the Feridex images, which made the differential diagnoses easier. The signal of the liver decreased significantly (P0.05). Conclusion Fridex enhanced MR images could not only improve the detection of small focal lesions, but also provide evidence for differential diagnoses.

BACKGROUND:Glycyrrhiza flavonoids can protect muscle tissues against oxidative and inflammatory injuries.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects of Glycyrrhiza flavonoids on energy storing and release of adipose tissue by studying expressions of perilipin mRNA and protein in skeletal muscle tissues of rats after exhaustive exercise.
METHODS:Fifty male healthy Sprague-Dawley rats were used and equaly randomized into five groups: quiet control, exercise alone (intragastric administration with saline), exercise combined with low-, moderate-, high-dose Glycyrrhiza flavonoids (intragastric administration with Glycyrrhiza flavonoids) groups, respectively. Perilipin mRNA and protein expressions in skeletal muscle tissues containing gastrocnemius muscle and musculi soleus were determined at 6 weeks after exhaustive exercise.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Expression of perilipin mRNA in rat gastrocnemius muscle in quiet control group was significantly decreased compared with exercise alone and al combined intervention groups (P < 0.05 orP < 0.01). Protein expression of perilipin in exercise combined with moderate- or high-dose glycyrrhiza flavonoids group was significantly increased compared with quiet control group (P < 0.05). Expression of perilipin mRNA in rat musculi soleus was significantly decreased compared with exercise combined with moderate-dose glycyrrhiza flavonoids group (P < 0.05). These findings confirm that Glycyrrhiza flavonoids are benefit for improvement of aerobic metabolism capacity of gastrocnemius muscle through regulating lipolysis pathway.

Objective To explore the value of 64-slice CT coronary artery angiography in detecting anomalous origin of left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) in infants. Methods Ten children aged from 5 months to 2 years and weighed from 5.5 to 10.0 kilograms with surgical confirmed ALCAPA were underwent contrast-enhanced retrospective ECG-gated 64-slice CT, and the data were retrospectively analyezd. Scanning were performed with 80 kV tube voltage, 150 mA tube current, 0.35 s rotation time, 0.625 mm slice thickness and 0.2 pitch. Results The heart rate ranged from 110 to 150 beats per minute. All images were good enough for diagnosis. The radiation dose was 1.11-1.62 mSv. The left coronary arteries were found to originate from the posterior-right sinuse in 4 patients, from posterior-left sinuse in 4 parients, from posterior-right wall and inferior wall above the pulmonary sinuses in 1 patient, respectively. Conclusion The 64-slice CT coronary artery angiography can reveal the location of the ectopic ostium and the course of left coronary artery in ALCAPA infants with low radiation dose.

Objective To assess the MRI features of cerebrum in idiopathic hypoparathyroidism (IHP). Methods MR images of 27 IHP patients were analyzed retrospectively emphasized on the location, appearance and signal intensity of the lesions. Results MRI showed symmetric abnormal signals in basal ganglia in 27 patients, in thalami and dentate nucleus in 21 patients, and in corona radiata-centrum ovale in 9 patients. All the lesions were hyperintensity on T1WI. Local hypointensity in basal ganglia was found in 4 patients, while hyperintensity or slight hyperintensity on both T2WI and T2-FLAIR were found in 26 patients, and slight hyperintensity with hypointensity on both T2WI and T2-FLAIR in 1 patient. Conclusion MRI of IHP has some features. Symmetric high signals on both T1WI and T2WI in basal ganglia, thalami and dentate nucleus have important diagnostic value for IHP.

Objective To investigate the value of perfusion MR imaging in differential diagnosis between primary central nervous system lymphomas(PCNSL)and high grade astrocytomas.Methods Twelve patients with PCNSL and 23 patients with high grade astrocytomas were preoperatively examined using a 1.5T MR unit.Routine MR sequences were performed followed by dynamic susceptibility contrastenhanced MR perfusion imaging.The perfusion color images and the time-signal intensity curves of the two tumor groups were compared.The relative cerebral blood volume(rCBV)within the tumor parenchyma was measured and the data were analyzed with unpaired Student's t-test.Results The rCBVs within the tumor parenchyma of the PCNSL and high grade astrocytomas were 1.78±0.5 1 and 3.87±0.87 respectively.The rCBV in the PCNSL was significantly lower than that of the high grade astrocytoma(P＜0.05).When the time-signal intensity curves were compared,the PCNSL showed a trend towards the baseline after the first pass and the curves even overshot above the baseline in 7 out of 12 cases,whereas the high grade astrocytoma showed a trend to be close to the baseline but couldn't return to the baseline completely.Conclusion The MR perfusion imaging can be very useful in distinguishing the PCNSL from high grade astrocytomas.

Objective To investigate the CT and MR] features of basal cell adenoma of the parotid gland. Methods CT and MRI features of 9 basal cell adenoma cases (4 men and 5 women, median age 58) confirmed by operation and pathology were reviewed retrospectively. All CT and MR images were retrospectively evaluated with respect to location, size, morphology, margin, CT density/MR] signal intensity and enhancement behavior. Results Each of the 9 patients had only 1 tumor. Eight lesions were located in the superficial lobe and 1 in the deep lobe. Seven tumors were round without lobular appearance, and 2 tumors were elliptic with small lobular appearance. All the 9 lesions were well circumscribed with smooth contours. A capsule-like rim with low intensity on MR[ was observed in 2 lesions, and a rim with high intensity on T1 WI and T2 WI was detected in another lesion. These 3 lesions showed low intensity on T1 WI and T2 WI with heterogeneously strong enhancement and delayed enhancement. Four lesions showed cystic areas in the center with mural nodules on CT, which were moderately or obviously enhanced (the mean increase of CT values: 65.5 H U ), and 2 lesions showed homogeneous enhancement. Conclusion Basal cell adenoma of parotid gland should be first considered when the old women had single round lesion located in the superficial lobe with smooth contour and low intensity on T2WI, especially when cystic areas were observed in the center with mural nodules on CT/MR.