Children′s infected pleural effusion refers to any of the pleural effusions caused by infection, the common pathogens include bacterium,mycoplasma and bacillus tuberculosis. The treatments of pleural effu-sion are general treatment,anti-infection drugs ( including antibiotics or antituberculosis drugs) ,thoracic puncture drainage,or combination of plasminogen-activator, electronic thoracoscopy ( video-assisted thoracic surgery, VATS) and thoracic surgery (pleural decortication,modified thoracoplasty surgery,pleural pneumonectomy). This article reviews recent progress in each method of treatments about the indications,effects and prognosis of the disease.

Polyactin B (Pb) has been proved to have the effect of considerable tumor suppression. Recently,we used murine S_(180) Sarcoma as a model and observed the effect of Pb on the tumor—infiltrating immunocompetent cells, and also the infiltrating neutrophils and the alteration of small blood vessels within the tumor tissue. Compared with control: in Pb—treated group, there were more L_3T_4~+and Lyt_2~+ lymphocytes infiltrating in the periphery of the tumor ,and also within the tumor. In addition, the tumors had more prominant hyperemia, micro—thrombosis and neutrophil infiltration around the necrotic areas. The present findings suggest that the tumor—suppression effect of Pb might be mediated through TNF produced by immunocompetent cells.

Objective To evaluate the application of Doppler tissue imaging (DTI) in assessment of cardiac function after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for myocardial infarction (MI) for long term follow-up. Methods 86 patients with MI were divided in PCI group (45 cases) and conventional therapy group (41 cases). All the patients received two-dimensional echocardiography (2DE) and DTI measurements. The left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), peak E, peak A wave velocities and peak E versus peak A (E/A) of 2DE were recorded, as well as the velocity of systolic wave(s), early diastolic filling wave(e), late filling wave(a) and wave e versus wave a (e/a ) of DTI. Results The LVEF and the average velocity of systolic wave (s) of mitral annulus was increased after PCI (P<0.05). S wave was related to LVEF, but the sensitivity of s wave is better than that of LVEF. There was no difference in the pulse Doppler trans mitral flow velocity E/A before and after PCI (P>0.05) , but the average velocity of mitral annulus (e/a ) was remarkably increased after PCI (P<0.01).Conclusion The left ventricular systolic and diastolic function in MI patients be improved after PCI. DTI is a sensitive method to detect the cardiac function after MI and PCI.

Objective: To study the biological characteristics of tumor cells infected with recombinant adenovirus expressing hTNF-?, investigate the antitumor effect of recombinant adenovirus. Methods: Human lung adenocarcinoma cell line Anip973 was infected with recombinant adenovirus expressing hTNF-?. Cell growth assay, colone formation test, flowcytometry assay and morphology were used to observe the effects on tumor cells. The hTNF-a gene, which was transduced into cancer cells mediated by recombinant adenovirus, was detected by PCR and agarose gel electrophoresis and its products were detected by ELISA assay. The intratumoral injection of rAd-LacZ and rAd-hTNF-? was carried out to evaluate their antitumor effects. Results: The liter of rAd reached 1010 PFU/ml and more than 90% Anip973 cells could be infected by 30MOI rAd. Except the surface structure and ultrastructure of tumor cells infected with rAd had a light change, cell growth abillity assay, colone formation test, flow cytometry assay showed no significant difference compared with that of the control cells. The TNF-? gene expression at 24 h increased greatly. Antitumor study indicated that on the tumor-bearing mice treated with rAd the tumor grew slowly. Tumor volume was significantly smaller and survive time was prolonged than that of controls. Conclusion: There was no significantly changes occurred on tumoral cells after infected with recombinant adenovirus expressing hTNF-?. The intratumoral injection of rAd-LacZ and rAd-hTNF-? could inhibit the growth of solid tumor.

Objective To purify recombinant methioninase and investigate the synergetic inhibitory effect of methioninase and cisplatin on the proliferation of human lung adenocarcinoma cell line GLC. Methods Recombinant methioninase was purified with GST-column from supernatant after ultrasonic disruption of cultured Escherichia coli in the prokaryotic expression system pGEX-4T-1-Met/Dh5a. MTT assay was used to determine the inhibition rate of methioninase in combined with cisplatin on cell proliferation,and their synergistic effect was evaluated by using the q value judge method. Results The concentration of recombinant methionine cleaving enzyme was 0.22 mg/mL, the purity was 95%, and the activity was 0.568 IU/mg. After 72 h culturing, the inhibition rate of cisplatin methionine was 24.80%and 27.49%respectively,while the inhibition rate of the combined drugs was 66.80% ( =1.47>1.15) which showed a significant synergistic effect. Conclusion Both methioninase and cisplatin have the inhibition effect,and the combined drugs display a significant synergistic effect on the proliferation of GLC.

0 05). CD 34 , CD 31 and F VIII of the average counts of microvessels was 69 5?15 7, 65 3?14 5 and 58 3?16 3 in the NSCLC with metastasis and 44 3?14 3, 40 5?12 6 and 36 5?15 8 in those without metastasis showing a significant difference (P

Objective:To study the biological characteristics of tumor cells infected with recombinant adenovirus expressing hIL 2, and investigate the antitumor effect of the rAd Methods:Human lung adenocarcinoma cell line Anip973 was infected with recombinant adenovirus expressing hIL 2(rAd hIL 2) Cell growth assay, colony formation were used to observe the effects on tumor cells hIL 2 gene was transduced into cancer cells mediated by recombinant adenovirus, then detected by PCR and agarose gel electrophoresis and its products were detected by ELISA assay The intratumor injection of rAd LacZ, rAd hIL 2 was carried out to evaluate its antitumor effects Results:The titer of rAd reached 10 10 PFU/ml and more than 90% Anip973 cells could be infected by 30MOI rAd Growth inhibition assay, colony formation assay showed no significant difference compared with that of the control cells The 24 h IL 2 expression increased greatly Antitumor study indicated that the tumor grew slowly in the bearing tumor mice treated with rAd Tumor volume was significantly smaller and survive time was prolonged than that of controls Conclusion:There were no significantly changes of tumor cells infected with recombinant adenovirus expressing hIL 2 The intratumor injection of rAd LacZ?rAd hIL 2 could inhibit the growth of solid tumor

Adenoviridae ; genetics ; Animals ; B7-1 Antigen ; genetics ; DNA, Neoplasm ; genetics ; Melanoma, Experimental ; genetics ; pathology ; Mice ; Recombinant Proteins ; genetics ; Transduction, Genetic ; Tumor Cells, Cultured

BACKGROUND:Odontoid fracture is very common in cervical spine injuries, the special position of odontoid process, which is adjacent to important anatomic structure, makes screw placement difficult, and a slight discrepancy in position and orientation of the inserted screw leads to a decrease in intensity of internal fixation, even invalid internal fixation. Therefore, it is very necessary to develop an individualized treatment protocol by which screws can be precisely and safely placed and which is worthy of clinical popularization. OBJECTIVE:To study the navigation of Mimics software and three dimensional (3D)-printed module in anterior odontoid cannulated screw fixation and to investigate its feasibility and accuracy. METHODS:Sixteen human cadaveric cervical spines were scanned by a continuous thin-slice CT scanner. Original DICOM CT images were three-dimensional y reconstructed using Mimics software. The screw channel and support column were designed for C2 vertebra odontoid cannulated screw fixation for odontoid fracture. Segmentation of bone surface was performed. Navigation modules with screw channel were built using 3D printing technique. Navigation modules were used to aid screw placement. Screw fitting and placement were evaluated using X-ray and CT scan. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Total y 16 navigation modules were built and 22 screws were implanted. During and after screw placement, the cortical bone along screw channel and surrounding the vertebral body was not cracked. Postoperative X-ray and CT scans showed that some factors regarding screw placement such as entry point, orientation and depth of placement were consistent with those ideal factors simulated by Mimics software. The navigation modules were closely attached to the corresponding bony structure in front of the vertebral body, with a satisfactory gomphosis. Screw fitting and stability were good during application. These results verify that with the aid of navigation module, anterior odontoid cannulated screw fixation is reliable for treatment of odontoid fracture, which provides insights into the popularization of 3D printing-based digital navigation technique in orthopedic implantation.

Aim To study the effect of PA on the proliferation and maturation of cord blood derived DC in vitro. Methods The monocytes were isolated from human umbilical cord blood and cultured with PA, GM-CSF+IL-4+TNF-?(GTI), GTI+PA (GTIP), respectively. On day 7 of cultivation, the CD1a, CD83,HLA-DR and CD34 antigens expression of cells were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Result The cells with typical morphological properties of DC can be observed with electron microscope among PA, GTI and GTIP groups. The CD1a and CD83 positive rates of PA group increased significantly, reaching 19.63%?3.61% and 14.52%?5.79% respectively, much higher than that of the control. In addition, compared with GIT group, the positive rate in GTIP group has increased remarkably. Conclusion PA does not only promote the proliferation and maturation of cord blood derived DC, but also cooperate with GTI to enhance the production of DC. PA is a useful activator of DC.