[Objective]To compare long-term conversion between fresh and cryopreserved osteochondral allografts in order to further provide theoretical foundation for treatment of articular cartilage defect using osteochondral allografts. [Methods]Articular cartilage defect models of 5 mm in diameter and depth were established for 32 New Zealand rabbit’s knees and treated by fresh and cryopreserved osteochondral allografts. Allografts were harvested and assessed by observing and analysing proteoglycan content,chondrocyte viability and ultrastructure of articular cartilage using Alcianblue staining and BCECF-AM /PI fluorescent staining,respectively,at 12 and 18 months postoperatively.[Results]Proteoglycan content and percentage of viable chondrocytes of osteochondral allografts were obviously decreased.Results of fresh osteochondral allografts were significantly better than those of cryopreserved osteochondral allografts at different time points. Ultrastructure of chondrocytes demonstrated degenerative changes.[Conclusion]In treatment of artificial articular cartilage defect ,serious degenerative changes were found for both fresh and cryopreserved osteochondral allografts at a long period,suggesting that fresh,especially cryopreserved osteochondral allografts are not feasible to treat articular cartilage defect.

Objective To develop a scale for measuring CHD patients' health belief and to rectify its reliability and validity.Methods The primary items were obtained through reviewing literature and semi-structured interviewing with CHD patients.After team discussion and experts evaluation,the pretesting scale was developed.Two hundred and sixty subjects were recruited in the first study to finish the questionnaire by convenience sampling.The reliability and validity of this scale were tested by exploratory factor analysis,reliability analysis and correlation analysis.Results It was found that eight common factors extracted by exploratory factor analysis.Factor loading of each item ranged between 0.489 and 0.850.The 8 factors explained for 60.698％ of total variance.The correlations between the subscales and the total scale were ranging from 0.811 to 0.876.The correlations between the subscales of the scale were ranging from 0.330 to 0.732.The Cronbach's α coefficients of the total scale was 0.802,and the subscales Cronbach's α coefficients were ranging from 0.684 to 0.834.Test-retest reliability was 0.880,and that of subscales were 0.673～0.841.Conclusions The newly developed coronary artery disease health belief scale has showed acceptable reliability and validity,which can be used as a useful tool for the assessment and intervention of patients' health belief.

Objective To investigate the regulatory effect of fluid shear stress(FSS) on the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts,as well as the expression of apoptosis-inducing factor,SIVA-1.Methods The third-passage osteoblasts were divided into five experiment groups and one control group.In the experiment groups,1.2 Pa FSS were given to the osteoblasts for 0.25,0.5,1,2,and 4 hours respectively,while the control group received no FSS.Afterwards,the cells were harvested to measure MTT value and ALP activity;mRNA level of SIVA-1 were determined by RT-PCR.Results MTT revealed that the cells proliferation markedly increased in the 0.25 h and 0.5 h experiment groups with advanced cell growth curve;whereas significantly inhibited in 1,2,and 4 h groups.The FSS also increased the ALP activity at 0.25 and 0.5 hour,especially in the 0.5 h group(2.4320?0.205 S unit/100ml,158% of the control;P

A digital customer service platform in hospital wards is equivalent to a platform to provide convenient, value-added and fine bedside services to in-patients as customers (customers admitted into hospitals and those for physical check inclusive).These services are provided via a set-top box and/or TV set installed with corresponding software.This platform supports such services as bills check, food order, non-medical services, VOD, games and entertainment, as well as commercial services from outside the hospital This article introduces the system structure, functionality, as well as the outcome and value of this platform, pointing out that this platform is an innovation of information technology, and that of hospital management and service mode as well

[Objective] To investigate into the cellular mechanism of growth promotion due to shear stress by studying G1-phase events responsible for the suppression of cell transition from the G1 to S phase of the cell cycle,and to establish the most suitable physiological stress to stimulate bone formation.[Methods]The osteoblasts derived from Kunming murine's calvaria were exposed to Fliud shear stress(FSS:12 dyn/cm2)for 0,0.25,0.5,1,2,4 h,respectively.In the flow chamber,its impact on cell proliferation,differentiation and the effection of cell cycle's G1/S checkpoint were recorded.The cell proliferation was studied by MTT assay.The cell differentiation was assessed through alkaline phosphatase(ALP)activity assay.Flow-cytometry,immunofluorescence and RT-PCR techniques were used to evaluate the proportion of S phase in cell cycle,the activity of CDK2,CDK4 and the expression of E2F-1,p27mRNA,which demonstrate how FSS underlying multiple mechanisms to enhance the cell cycle progression from G1 to S phase.[Results]FSS increased proliferation and advanced the time in cell growth curve,but after 1,2,4 h,the proliferation was inhibited.The FSS also increased the ALP activity,which were significantly stimulated at 0.25 and 0.5 h after shear stress(128% and 158 % of control);but the FSS decreased ALP activity at 1,2,and 4 hs.The proportion of S phase in cell cycle raised within the early period.The S phase rate significantly increased at 0.5 h(P

ObjectiveTo explore the methods for prevention and treatment of endotoxemia and multiple organ failure in patients with severe hepatitis. MethodsA total of 61 patients with severe hepatitis and toxic enteroparalysis were randomly assigned to three groups. The first group was treated with plasmapheresis, the second group with plasmapheresis and colon dialysis, and the third group with plasmapheresis, colon dialysis, and oral probiotics. Analyses were performed on the clinical symptoms and physical signs, hepatic function, endotoxin level, and clinical outcome in each group. Comparison of continuous data between groups was performed by analysis of variance, and further pairwise comparison by SNK test; comparison of categorical data between two groups was performed by chi-square test. ResultsThe liver function improved in all groups after treatment. The endotoxin level was significantly lower in the third group than in the other two groups (P＜005). The symptom improvement rates in the three groups were 35.3%, 64.7%, and 81.5%, respectively; the recurrence rates were 833%, 727%, and 364%, respectively; the clinical remission rates were 5.9%, 17.6%, and 48.1%, respectively, and the third group had a significantly higher rate than the first group (χ2=8.59, P＜0.05). ConclusionA combination of plasmapheresis, colon dialysis, and oral probiotics can effectively improve the prognosis of patients with severe hepatitis and toxic enteroparalysis, and can help prevent and treat multiple organ failure in such patients.

Objective To explore the effect of auricular-plaster therapy combined with aromatherapy on anxiety and quality of life in patients with colorectal surgery.Methods A total of 135 patients with colorectal surgery were randomly divided into group A (auricular-plaster therapy combined with aromatherapy),group B(auricular-plaster therapy),group C (aromatherapy),group D(blank).Anxiety and life quality levels of four groups were determined by using self-rating anxiety scale(SAS),quality of life instruments for cancer patients (QLICP-CR)and were compared between four groups before and after intervention.Results The SAS and QLICP-CR scores of group A were lower than those of group B,group C and group D after intervention.The SAS and QLICP-CR scores of group B and group C were lower than that of group D after intervention.There were no statistical significant differences in SAS and QLICP-CR scores between group B and group C after intervention.Conclusions Auricular-plaster therapy combined with aromatherapy can effectively alleviate anxiety of patients with colorectal surgery and improve their quality of life,and the effect is better than that of auricular-plaster therapy and aromatherapy.

BACKGROUND: Embryonic stem cells can be induced to differentiate into neural precursors under certain conditions, and they can effectively integrate with host cells after transplanted into healthy or injured central nervous system, and then repair and rebuild the injured nerve tissue.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of transplantation of neural precursors induced by embryonic stem cells on the recovery of neurological function in mice with spinal cord injury.DESIGN: A randomized controlled animal trial.SETTING: Research Center of Developmental Biology, Shanghai Second Medical University.MATERIALS: Twenty-eight C57/BL6J mice of 6-8 weeks old, both sexes, were used. Mice embryonic stem cell strain S8 and carrier LacZ labeling genes were provided by Shanghai Research Center of Developmental Biology. High-glucose Dulbecco's modified Eagle media (DMEM), β-mercaptoethanol (BME), mice leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and mitocin-C were all from GIBCO attachment induction medium, which were provided by Shanghai Research Center of Developmental BiologyMETHODS: The experiment was carried out in the central laboratory of developmental biology of Shanghai Second Medical University from April 2003 to April 2004. The embryonic stem cells were cultured and induced to differentiate into neural precursors by means of attachment induction. The mice were anesthetized and made into models of spinal cord hemisection on the T9-T10 plan. The mice were randomly divided into three groups: sham operated group (n =9): Only T9-T10 spinous process and corresponding lamina of vertebra were removed, then the skin was sutured layer by layer;ransplantation group (n =10): After spinal cord hemisection, embryonic stem cells were injected into the vertebral canal about 1 cm away from the injured site; model group (n =9): DMEM was injected into the region around the injured site.The mice were evaluated with Basso, Beattie, Bresnahan (BBB) locomotor rating scale to observe the recovery of neurological function at 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks (the score ranged from 1 to 21 points, the higher the scores, the better the recovery of neurological function). At 8 weeks, the survival and differentiation of embryonic stem cells at the injured site of spinal cord were observed using X-Gal staining in each group. The positively stained sections with X-Gal at the injured site of spinal cord were detected with fluorescent immunohistochemical staining.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Recovery of neurological function; ② Survival and differentiation of embryonic stem cells at the injured site of spinal cord; ③ Results of fluorescent immunohistochemical staining.RESULTS: ① The BBB scores in the transplantation group at 1, 2 and 4 weeks were higher than those in the model group (P ＜ 0.01). ② Survival and differentiation of embryonic stem cells at the injured site of spinal cord: In the transplantation group, there were X-Gal positively stained cells in the tissue sections of the injured spinal cord of mice,the cytoplasm was blue with nucleoli in it, i.e. the cells derived from embryonic stem cells, which were not observed in the sham-operated group and model group. In the transplantation group, the cells derived from embryonic stem cells, which were implanted to the injured spinal cord, distributed around the injured sites, and integrated with the surrounding tissue and had similar form with the surrounding cells. ③ At the injured site, X-Gal positively stained cells in the transplantation group aiso expressed neurofilaments (the specific marker of neurons), but did not express GFAP.CONCLUSION:The embryonic stem cells were cultured and induced to differentiate into neural progenitors, and they could survive, migrate and differentiate into neurons after transplantation, but there was no obvious improvement of neurological function.

OBJECTIVE To discuss the management methods of sputum sample retained clinically based on the praxiology,and aim at improving the quality of the sputum retained. METHODS Through investigating the quality of sputum sample retained routinely from the department of internal medicine in a general hospital at the duration from Sep 2004 to Feb 2005,the intervention effect was evaluated by carrying out the measure of praxiology intervention. RESULTS The qualification rate was 23.7% for the sputum sample retained routinely from the hospital at the duration from Sep 2004 to Feb 2005,after carrying out the measure of praxiology intervention,the qualification rate was 30.1% at the duration from Apr 2005 to Aug 2005.Statistic data showed that there was no significant difference. CONCLUSIONS The quality of the sputum sample retained routinely is poor,and the measure of praxiology intervention failed to improve the quality of the sputum sample.Microscopy is the most important measure to ensure the quality of the sputum sample for the cytology test before cultivating the sample,and should be a routine test in hospital.The study on praxiology intervention will be further carried out in the future.

BACKGROUND: Embryonic stem cell (ESC) is a kind of highly undifferentiated totipotent cell. It can proliferate and maintain its totipotency in the system cultured in vitro. It is one of most promising stem cells in thetreatment of central nerve injury.OBJECTIVE: To observe the survival and migration of induced transplanted ESC in mice with spinal injury and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.DESIGN: A completely randomized grouping design, controlled animal experiment.SETTING: Laboratory of Developmental Biology Research Center of Shanghai Second Medical University.MATERIALS: Sixty C57/BL6J mice, of clean grade and either gender, aged 6 to 8 weeks (n =30) and 7 days (n =30)were provided by the Shanghai Experimental Animal Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Permission No, SCXK (hu)2003-0003]. This animal experiment was approved by Animal Ethics Committee. Mouse ESC strain S8, labeled LacZ marker gene (Provided by Shanghai Developmental Biology Research Center). X-gal dyeing reagent (Sigma Company).METHODS: This experiment was carried out in the laboratory of Shanghai Developmental Biology Research Center (Shanghai Key Laboratory) from October 2002 to December 2003. ① Experimental grouping of spinal injury: Sixteen C57/BL6J successful mice models, aged 6-8 weeks, were randomized into 2 groups: experimental group (n =8), in which, following right spinal semi-sectioning, derivated cell suspension for inducing the in vitro differentiation of ESC was injected at 1 cm away from injury through vertebral canal, and control group (n =8), in which, following right spinal semi-sectioning, phosphate buffer solution (PBS) was injected at the peripheral region of injury. ② Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy experimental grouping: Sixteen successful C57/BL6J mice models, aged 7 days, were randomized into 2 groups: experimental group (n =8), following ligation of right common carotid artery, mice were placed in the closed container containing 0.08 volume fraction of oxygen and 0.92 volume fraction of Nitrogen gas, and taken out 1.5 hours later; 3 μL ESCs were injected into the right cerebral ventricle at about 1 week, and control group (n =8), in which, the same amount of PBS was injected into the right cerebral ventricle. ③ At 12 weeks after transplantation, the survival and migration of induced ESCs labeled by Lac-Z in the spinal cord and brain were observed by zymologic method.MATN OUTCOME MEASURES: Survival and migration of ESCs in the central nervous system.RESULTS: ①After being induced in vitro and transplanted to spinal injured region, ESCs differentiated into neural precursor cells. Neural precursor cells could survive in the injured region and migrate to 5 mm away from injured region.Immunohistochemistry proved that the neural precursor cells of transplanted ESCs could differentiate into neurons.Morphologically, it was proved that neural precursor cells-derived from ESCs could well integrate peripheral tissue. ② The induced ESCs were injected into the lateral cerebral ventricle of mice. Derived ESCs widely distributed in the injured hippocampal region, cerebral cortex ventricle choroid plexus, vascular endothelium and other regions, and integrated peripheral tissue, which were similar to adjacent cells in morphology, suggesting that induced ESCs also could survive for long time and far migrate.CONCLUSION:The induced ESC can survive and migrate in the host injured brain and spinal cord, and the migration of ESCs is more obvious in the brain than in the spinal cord.