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Objective:To investigate the effect of Yisui Jiedu prescription on hippocampal neuron damage in vascular dementia (VD) rats and to regulate phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/recombinant Bcl-2 associated death promoter (Bad) mechanisms of signaling pathways of neuronal apoptosis. Method:The 40 SD rats were divided into sham operation group， model group， donepezil hydrochloride group and Yisui Jiedu prescription group， with 10 rats in each group.VD animal model was prepared by bilateral carotid artery permanent ligation (2-VO) method.The sham operation group and the model group were intragastrically administered with normal saline， the donepezil hydrochloride group was intragastrically administered with donepezil hydrochloride 0.52 mg·kg^-1. The Yisui Jiedu prescription group was administered with Yisui Jiedu prescription (11.11 g·kg^-1)， 1 time/d . After 30 days， Morris water maze was used to test the learning and memory ability of rats， hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to observe the histomorphological structure of hippocampal CA1 region. Ultrasound of neuron in rat hippocampal CA1 region was observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM).Real-time fluorescent quantitative（Real-time PCR） was used to detect the Akt， Bad mRNA expression.Western blot was used to detect the Akt， p-Akt and Bad protein expression in hippocampus. Result:Compared with sham operation group， the learning and memory ability of model group decreased significantly(P<0.05). The pathological structure and neuronal ultrastructure of the hippocampus were changed obviously. Hippocampal tissue Akt mRNA and the Akt，p-Akt protein expression level decreased significantly(P<0.05)， and the levels of Bad mRNA and protein were significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared with model group， Yisui Jiedu prescription group can significantly improve the learning and memory ability of rats， improve the neuronal cells and ultrastructural changes in hippocampal CA1 area，and increase the expression of Akt mRNA and Akt，p-Akt protein in hippocampus. Decreased Bad mRNA and Bad protein expression levels (P<0.05). Conclusion:Yisui Jiedu prescription can significantly improve the learning and memory ability of VD rats， improve the ultrastructural pathological changes of hippocampus and neurons， and repair damaged neurons， which may promote Akt phosphorylation and activate PI3K/Akt/Bad. The signaling pathway plays a role in the defense of neurons against apoptosis.

7.Investigation of human parvovirus B19 infection in college students

Zhiyong WANG ; Jinhua AN ; Jingru CUI ; Yanfei LI ; Kaiye LI ; Min HE

Chinese Journal of Blood Transfusion 2024;37(8):914-917

【Objective】 To investigate the prevalence of human parvovirus B19 (B19V) infection among college students, so as to provide reference for the development of blood donor screening strategies and blood supply policies. 【Methods】 From March 2023 to February 2024, blood donor samples from college students in Changchun were retrospectively analyzed using the principle of random numbers, with samples taken 1 to 3 days per month. B19V IgG/IgM were detected by ELISA, and B19V DNA and viral load were measured by real-time quantitative PCR. 【Results】 Among 1 456 blood donor samples from college students, the positive rates for B19V IgG, IgM and DNA were 11.54%, 0.34% and 2.68%, respectively. The viral load in 39 B19V DNA-positive samples ranged from 5.60×10² IU/mL to 9.10×10⁶ IU/mL, with 28 samples (1.92%) having a viral load above 10⁴ IU/mL. There were 11 samples (0.76%) that were positive for B19V DNA but negative for IgG/IgM. 【Conclusion】 The college students have a low prevalence of past B19V infection, but a higher risk of infections and a higer proportion of acute infections with high viral loads in individuals who are]B19V IgG negative, presenting a risk of transmission through blood transfusion. Targeted blood safety monitoring is necessary for college students to track the prevalence of B19V DNA.

8.Mechanism of Chaishao Liujunzi Tang in Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis Through TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB Signaling Pathway

Zhaopeng ZHANG ; Qiuying LI ; Ziqing YU ; Ru ZHANG ; Shuguang GUAN ; Junpeng GUO

Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae 2022;28(19):17-23

ObjectiveTo investigate the preventive and curative effect of Chaishao Liujunzi Tang （CSLJZT） on colonic mucosal injury induced by dextran sulfate sodium （DSS） in mice with ulcerative colitis （UC） and its mechanism. MethodFifty Balb/c male mice were randomly divided into normal group， model group， CSLJZT low-dose group， CSLJZT high-dose group， and sulfasalazine group. Except for the normal group， other groups were given 2.5% DSS freely for 7 d， and were given drug intervention after successful modeling for 7 d. Bodyweight， feces， and other general physiological statuses of mice were recorded every day， and disease activity index （DAI） scores were calculated.The colon length was measured， and stained by hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining to observe the morphological changes of the colon.The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was used to determine the content of interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， myeloperoxidase （MPO）， and superoxide dismutase （SOD） in the serum. Western blot was used to determine the protein expression levels of Toll-like receptor 4 （TLR4）， myeloid differentiation factor 88 （MyD88）， nuclear factor kappa B （NF-κB）， inhibitor-kappa binding protein （IκB）， Caspase-1， and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor 3 （NLRP3） in the colon tissues. ResultAs compared with the normal group， mice in the model group had significantly decreased body weight （P<0.01）， severe diarrhea and hematochezia， and significantly increased DAI score （P<0.01）. As compared with the model group， the decreasing trend of body weight was significantly alleviated in the CSLJZT groups （P<0.01）， diarrhea and hematochezia were significantly improved， DAI score was significantly decreased （P<0.01）， and colon length increased （P<0.05）. HE staining showed that the pathological damage of colon tissue was significantly improved and the inflammatory cell infiltration was reduced in the CSLJZT groups as compared with the model group. As compared with the normal group， the serum levels of IL-1β and MPO were significantly higher （P<0.01） and SOD levels were significantly lower （P<0.01） of mice in the model group.Compared with the model group， the treated group reduced the serum IL-1β and MPO levels （P<0.01）， and raised the SOD level （P<0.01）. The results of Western blot showed that as compared with the normal group， the expression levels of TLR4， MyD88， NF-κB， Ccaspase-1， and NLRP3 proteins were significantly increased （P<0.01）， whereas the expression level of IκB protein was significantly decreased （P<0.01） in the colonic tissue of mice in the model group. As compared with the model group， the expression levels of TLR4， MyD88， NF-κB， Caspase-1， and NLRP3 proteins were decreased （P<0.01）， whereas the expression level of IκB protein was increased （P<0.01） in the colonic tissue of mice in the CSLJZT groups. ConclusionCSLJZT improves the inflammatory injury of the colon tissue in DSS-induced UC mice through TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway.

9.Effect of Ranae Oviductus Protein Hydrolysate on Ethanol-induced L-02 Cell Injury

Yi ZHANG ; Ran ZHENG ; Qi YU ; Li-li JIAO ; Bo LI ; Da LIU ; Yi-ping LI

Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae 2021;27(15):43-50

Objective:To study the protective effect and mechanism of Ranae Oviductus protein hydrolysate （ROPH） on the expression of pathway-related proteins in ethanol-induced L-02 cell injury. Method:The ROPH was prepared by compound enzymatic hydrolysis. L-02 cell injury model was induced with 400 mmol·L^-1ethanol. Cell viability was detected by cell counting kit-8 （CCK-8） assay. Cell cycle and apoptosis were examined by flow cytometry. JC-1/Hochest staining was employed for qualitative investigation. The expression of related proteins in apoptosis， mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） signaling pathway， and pyroptosis in L-02 cells was detected by Western blot. Result:The results of the CCK-8 assay showed that 400 mmol·L^-1ethanol could induce L-02 cell injury within 12 hours. Compared with the blank group， the model group showed decreased viability of L-02 cells （P<0.01）， elevated percentage of the cell cycle in the G₀/G₁ phase （P<0.01）， increased total cell apoptosis rate （P<0.01）， reduced mitochondrial membrane potential （P<0.01）， up-regulated expression of apoptosis-related proteins ［B-cell lymphoma-2 （Bcl-2）-associated X protein （Bax）， Cytochrome C （Cyt C）， and cysteine-dependent aspartate specific protease-3 （Caspase-3）］（P<0.05， P<0.01） and MAPK signaling pathway-related proteins ［C-Jun amino-terminal kinase （JNK） and p38 MAPK］（P<0.05， P<0.01）， and potentiated expression of pyrolysis-related proteins Caspase-1 and interleukin-1β （IL-1β）（P<0.05）. Compared with the model group， the ROPH treatment group exhibited improved cell cycle arrest （P<0.05， P<0.01）， diminished total cell apoptosis rate （P<0.01）， elevated mitochondrial membrane potential in a dose-dependent manner， down-regulated expression of Bax， Cyt C， and Caspase-3 proteins （P<0.05， P<0.01）， up-regulated expression of Bcl-2 protein （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and a downward trend in expression of proteins related to MAPK signaling pathway and pyrolysis （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Conclusion:ROPH could inhibit oxidative stress-triggered liver injury in ethanol-induced cells by improving mitochondrial membrane potential， reducing the expression of proteins in the mitochondria-mediated apoptosis pathway， and inhibiting the expression of proteins related to the MAPK signaling pathway and pyrolysis pathway to reduce the mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammatory response in ethanol-induced L-02 liver cells and inhibit oxidative stress， thereby exerting a therapeutic role in alcoholic liver injury.

10.Based on LC-MS technology explored the metabolomics of Agrimonia pilosa intervening in non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells

Ze-hua TONG ; Wen-jun GUO ; Han-rui ZOU ; Li-wei XU ; Ya-juan XU ; Wei-fang WANG

Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica 2024;59(3):704-712

The objective of this study was to analyze the effects on cell viability, apoptosis, and cell cycle of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) A549 cells after intervention with Agrimonia pilosa (AP) and investigate Agrimonia pilosa anti-tumor activity in vitro. Meanwhile, liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) metabolomics technology was used to analyze the changes of cellular metabolites and metabolic pathways. The results of this study will provide a theoretical and experimental basis for investigating the mechanism of the effect of Agrimonia pilosa on non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells. The results showed that the cell nucleus of A549 cells crumpled and apoptosis occurred with the increase of drug concentration. The survival rate of the cells decreased, and the inhibition rate reached 21.5% and 91.74% under the low and high dose conditions, respectively. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) content increased (P < 0.05). Metabolomics results showed significant differences in metabolism between groups, thirty-three distinct metabolites including LysoPC(24:0/0:0), LysoPC(17:0/0:0) and PC(O-40:5) were deduced. The pathway enrichment showed that the Agrimonia pilosa plays an anti-tumor role mainly by regulating the metabolism of glycerophosphate and purine in A549 cells, in which the effect on glycerophosphate metabolism pathway was most significant. The results of combined pharmacodynamics suggested that Agrimonia pilosa might induce apoptosis and inhibit the growth of A549 cells by regulating LysoPC(24:0/0:0), LysoPC(17:0/0:0) and PC(O-40:5) metabolites in A549 cells.

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