Objective To evaluate the effect of refractive correction on the dynamic variation of diopter in children with hyperopia ametropic amblyopia. Methods Optometry with 1 % atropine oculentum was used to examine 105 patients(210 eyes) with ametropic amblyopia aged 3～6 years old. The diopter of all the cases was compound hyperopic astigmatism. The prescriptions of spectacles were made according to that the diopter of retinoscopy subtracted different degree hyperopia. Thus,all the patients were divided into group 1(subtract 20% off the diopter of retinoscopy,30 cases),group 2(subtract 25% off the diopter of retinoscopy,40 cases),group 3(subtract 30% off the diopter of retinoscopy,35 cases). During three years' treating periods, their dynamic variation of hyperopia diopter were observed time yearly. Results The hyperopia diopter of each group reduced year after year. But the average reduction of hyperopia diopter of group was significantly lower than that of other two groups(P0.05).Conclusion Refractive corrections of different degree have effect on emmetropization of children with hyperopia ametropic amblyopia. Moderate undercorrection is useful on emmetropization of children with hyperopic ametropic amblyopia.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of artesunate (ART) on cell differentiation and cell cycle distribution of the prostate cancer cell line PC-3 in vitro. METHODS: PC-3 cells were cultivated with ART from logarithmic growth phase. After 48-hour treatment, the cell cycles were detected by flow cytometry (FCM), and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the level of prostate specific antigen (PSA) in cell culture supernatant. The change of cellular morphology was observed under a transmission electron microscope (TEM). RESULTS: In comparison with the blank control group, the rate of G(0)/G(1) plus S stages of PC-3 cells was significantly decreased in the high-dose ART group. The PC-3 cell was arrested in G(2)/M by ART. The rates of G(2)/M of the high-dose ART group and the medium-dose ART group were obviously higher than those of the blank control group and the cisplatin group (P<0.05). The levels of PSA in the three ART groups were significantly lower than that of the normal control group (P<0.05, P<0.01). In the ART groups, TEM showed that some vacuoles appeared in endochylema, cell polarity was enhanced, cell nucleus leaned to one side of the cell, and microvilli increased on the other side of the cell. CONCLUSION: ART can induce PC-3 cell cycle arrest and differentiation in vitro.

Objective To study protective effects of Wuzi Yanzong Fang on DNA damage induced by cyclophosphamide (CTX) in mice, and explore its mechanism. Methods BalB/c mice were randomly divided into normal group, model group, Wuzi Yanzong Fang low dose group and Wuzi Yanzong Fang high dose group. Mice in Wuzi Yanzong Fang groups were pretreated with Wuzi Yanzong Fang for 7 days, then the mice in Wuzi Yanzong Fang groups and model group were intraperitoneally injected with CTX (100 mg/kg) every other day for three times, and mice in Wuzi Yanzong Fang groups were continued administered with Wuzi Yanzong Fang. Animals were sacrificed in twelve hours after the final treatment of CTX. ELISA was used to detect 8-OHdG content in serum, and single cell gel electrophoresis to detect DNA damage in bone marrow cells. Results Wuzi Yanzong Fang low dose group and high dose group reduced the level of 8-OHdG in serum. Wuzi Yanzong Fang significantly decreased Olive tail moment, tail moment, tail length and tail DNA%in mouse bone marrow cells. Conclusion Wuzi Yanzong Fang has good protective effects on DNA damage caused by CTX.

BACKGROUND:It needs strong anchorage for shifting mandibular molar in orthodontics,which is a difficult problem to clinical orthodontic doctors.OBJECTIVE:To evaluate clinical effects and the characters by micro-implant anchorage during mandibular molars mesialization in Class Ⅰ malocclusal patients.METHODS:A total of 24 micro-implants were embedded mandibular bones between mandibular second premolar and mandibular first premolar of 15 Angle Ⅰ malocclusal patients as clinical anchorages for mesializing mandibular molars.The position changes of mandibular molars were measured from mesiodistal direction and vertical direction,and the implant anchorage loss was evaluated by maxillary central incisor.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The course of treatment was 10.4 months,and the velocity of mandibular second molar mesializing was 0.8 mm per month,with 8.5 mm in mesiodistal direction,there was no changes in the vertical direction.The distal tipping angle of molar was 2.5°,and the mandibular central incisor did not move.The method successfully mesialized mandibular molars to appropriate positions.No anchorage loss was found,The implant plays absolute anchorage during mandibular molar mesialization.

Purpose To explore the findings and diagnostic values of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and diffusion weighted image (DWI) of the portal venous tumor thrombus (PVTT) caused by hepatic carcinoma.Materials and Methods Thirty-one patients with hepatic carcinoma (43 lesions) with 63 PVTT in the main branches and trunks diagnosed by clinical and MRI were enrolled. All patients underwent conventional MRI (cMRI) imaging, DWI and ADC imaging, the features of cMRI, DWI and ADC were observed, the relevance of ADC values between the hepatic carcinoma lesion and PVTT were analyzed.Results Among the total 43 lesions, DWI image showed low signal, iso-signal and high signal in 1, 4 and 38 lesions, respectively; and ADC image showed low signal, iso-signal and high signal in 36, 5 and 2 lesions, respectively. In the total 63 PVTT, DWI showed low signal, iso-signal and high signal in 4, 7 and 52 lesions, respectively;while their ADC images showed low signal, iso-signal and high signal in 54, 6 and 3 branches, respectively. There was good consistency for the results of two observers on the findings of ADC of tumor lesions (Kappa=0.8334,P<0.05), and a moderate consistency on that of PVTT (Kappa=0.5215,P<0.05). The average ADC value of tumor lesion and PVTT was (1.127±0.268)×10-3 mm2/s and (1.021±0.363)×10-3 mm2/s, respectively; there was a correlation of the mean values of ADC between tumor lesion and PVTT (r=0.246,P<0.05). Conclusion The features such as low signal and low value on ADC image and high signal on DWI obtain a certain clinical application value for qualitative diagnoses of PVTT.

AIM To investigate the effects of Wuzi Yanzong Prescription (Lycii Fructus,Cuscutae Semen,Rubi Fructus,Plantaginis Semen and Schisandrae chinensis Fructus) on DNA damage of testis cells in adult male mice induced by cyclophosphamide (CTX).METHODS Forty out of fifty adult male Balb/C mice were injected intraperitoneally with CTX and then were randomly and equally divided into model control group (normal saline),Wuzi Yanzong Prescription low-,medium-and high-dose groups (100,200 and 400 mg/kg),and the other ten mice served as normal control group (normal saline).All mice were anesthetized by inhalation of ether,and then were sacrificed by cervical dislocation.The sperm count,sperm motility and malformation rate of sperm were tested.The content of 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in serum was measured using ELISA;the DNA damage degree of cells in testis was detected by single cell gel electrophoresis;the protein expressions of p-P53 and γ-H2AX in testis were examined by Western blot.RESULTS Compared with the model control group,Wuzi Yanzong Prescription groups showed significant increase in the sperm count,sperm motility and significantly decreased malformation rate of sperm,the level of 8-OHdG in serum,and the protein expressions of p-P53 and γ-H2AX in testis were also significantly decreased.CONCLUSION Wuzi Yanzong Prescription can significantly alleviate the DNA damage of testis cells in mice induced by CTX through down-regulating protein expressions of p-P53 and γ-H2AX.

Objective] To amplify and sequence the light chain of anti idiotypic monoclonal antibody NP30 of Schistosoma japonicum. [Methods] By comparing the conserved regions at each end of the nucleotide sequences of murine germ line genes enco ding FR1 and FR4 regions of immunoglobulin light chain variable regions, we designed a set of primers for amplification of V L gene. The hybridoma cells secreting anti idiotypic monoclonal antibody NP30 of Schistosoma japonicum were cultured and their genome DNAs were extracted and used as templates for PCR. The PCR product was then cloned into pUC19 vector. The recombinants were sequenced by Sanger′s method. The V L gene was compared with GenBank and published mouse V L genes. [Results] The full length of V L gene was 318 bp. The V L gene was a member of mouse Ig ? light chain subgroup IV and generated from rearrangement of germ line V and J? 4 genes. The V L gene sequence has been registered by GenBank(accession No. AF206720). [Conclusion] The obtained V L gene was a potentially functional gene of anti idiotypic monoclonal antibody NP30 of Schistosoma japonicum .

Objective:To describe a distal anastomosis support (DAS) technique, and retrospectively investigate the effect of DAS on the mid-term graft patency of patient with small posterior descending artery.Methods:Between January and December 2016, 100 patients with triple-vessel disease and small PDA who continuously underwent off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG) (OPCABG group, n=50) and OPCABG with DAS for anastomosis of PDA grafted by saphenous vein (SVG) (OPCABG+ DAS group, n=50) were evaluated retrospectively. The dynamic changes of electrocardiogram and TnI level were observed within 48h after the surgery. All patients came back to follow-up visit 6th, 12th, 24th and 36th postoperative month. The primary endpoint was the graft failure (FitzGibbon B or O) of SVG-PDA on the follow-up CTA.Results:There was no death during the operation. There was no acute inferior wall myocardial infarction confirmed by electrocardiogram. Peak TnI within 48h of surgery was 0.74(0.98)ng/ml vs. 0.92(1.29)ng/ml, P>0.05, and the number of patients with peak TnI≥70×ULN was 3(6%, 3/50) vs.5(10%, 5/50), P>0.05. There was no postoperative death, and all the patients were discharged 5-15 days postoperatively. We found significantly improved cumulative graft patency in OPCABG+ DAS group at 36 months after operation [85.7%(42/49) vs. 68.0%(34/50), P<0.05). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, PDA with atherosclerotic lesions ( OR=6.513, 95% CI: 1.279-33.180, P=0.024), and peak TnI≥70×ULN within 48 h of surgery ( OR=5.948, 95% CI: 1.128-31.368, P=0.036) were independent predictors of graft failure, whereas concomitant DAS ( OR=0.222, 95% CI: 0.069-0.713, P=0.011) was significant protective factor. Conclusion:Concomitant DAS conferred superior mid-term patency of SVG-PDA in patients with small PDA. Adding the DAS procedure to OPCABG may be a promising surgical option for small PDA with atherosclerotic lesions.

OBJECTIVETo assess the levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons monohydroxy metabolites in urine of general population in China among 8 provinces, provide the baseline of the metabolites in the general population.

METHODSFrom 2009 to 2010, 18 120 subjects of general population aged 6-60 years old were recruited from 24 areas among 8 provinces in east, west and central areas of China mainland by cluster random sampling. The information of the living environment and health condition were collected by questionnaire and spot urine samples were collected, 4 680 urine samples were analysed by high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry, and monohydroxy metabolites distribution in urine among groups of gender and ages were analysed.

RESULTSGeometric means (GM) of 2-naphthol, 1-naphthol, 3-phenanthrol and 1-hydroxypyrene concentration in urine (95%CI) were 1.85 (1.75-1.95), 1.55 (1.50-1.61), 0.57 (0.54-0.59) and 0.82 (0.78-0.85) µg/L, respectively;and median are 2.44, <0.50, 0.72 and 0.90 µg/L, respectively. The concentration between male and female were significantly different (P < 0.01), and the concentration among the groups of population were significantly different (P < 0.01), the GM of 2-naphthol among the groups of population aged 6-12, 13-16, 17-20, 21-30, 31-45 and 46-60 years old were 1.60, 1.56, 1.69, 2.23, 1.91 and 1.86 µg/L (χ(2) = 17.90, P < 0.01), the GM of 1-naphthol in the groups were 1.30, 1.16, 1.53, 1.68, 1.80 and 1.52 µg/L (χ(2) = 76.22, P < 0.01), the GM of 3-phenanthrol in the groups were 0.78, 0.76, 0.55, 0.42, 0.50 and 0.99 µg/L (χ(2) = 66.48, P < 0.01), the GM of 1-hydroxypyrene in the groups were 0.77,0.64, 1.00, 0.84, 0.84 and 0.57 µg/L (χ(2) = 51.48, P < 0.01), respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe distribution of monohydroxy metabolites levels in urine of general population were different, it provided a basic data for the further study of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons biomonitoring in the population.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; China ; epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Environmental Exposure ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Naphthols ; urine ; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ; urine ; Pyrenes ; urine ; Sentinel Surveillance ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the level of zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) in whole blood among general population from 8 provinces in China, and to analyze the characteristics of distribution among different regions.

METHODSThis cross-sectional study was performed in 8 provinces from eastern, middle and western China between 2009 and 2010, including 13 110 subjects from 24 regions, and the blood and urine samples were collected. The ICP-MS was applied to test the content of ICP-MS in blood samples, and the results were used to analyze the characteristics of contents and distributions of Zn and Cu among population from different ages, genders and regions groups.

RESULTSTotally, the mean (95%CI) contents of Cu and Zn in blood were 795 (791-799)µg/L and 3 996(3 976-4 015) µg/L, respectively. The characteristics of distribution of Cu content were as followed, the content of males were lower than it of females (male:767 µg/L; female: 822 µg/L, t = -13.302, P < 0.01). The contents of blood Cu in groups of people aging 6-12, 13-16, 17-20, 21-30, 31-45 and 46-60 years old were separately 860(853-868), 758(748-769), 734(728-734), 782(774-790), 811(795-827) and 820(815-826) µg/L. The differences showed statistical significance (F = 78.77, P < 0.01). The blood Cu content of people in eastern China (800µg/L) were also significantly higher than it in middle (774 µg/L)and western China (782 µg/L) (F = 10.94, P < 0.01). Distribution of blood Zn content showed characteristics as follows: the Zn content was higher in males than in females (male 4 085 µg/L and female 3 908 µg/L, t = 8.78, P < 0.01). The contents of blood Zn in groups of people aging 6-12, 13-16, 17-20, 21-30, 31-45 and 46-60 years old were separately 3 306 (3 261-3 350), 3 888 (3 839-3 937), 3 948 (3 902-3 994), 4 272(4 228-4 315), 4 231(4 180-4 281) and 4 250 (4 205-4 294)µg/L, which showed significant statistical differences (F = 233.68, P < 0.01). The blood Zn content of people in eastern China (3 938 µg/L) were significantly lower than it in middle (4 237 µg/L)and western China (4 105 µg/L) (F = 53.16, P < 0.01). In addition, the study also compared the relation between content of Cu and Zn and the frequency of eating seafood. The results found that the frequency of eating seafood could influence the content of Cu and Zn (Cu: F = 13.54, P < 0.01; Zn: F = 200.20, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe contents and distributions of Cu and Zn in blood differs among people from different groups in ages, genders and regions. The baseline data of this study provided reliable scientific evidence for further research.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; China ; epidemiology ; Copper ; blood ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult ; Zinc ; blood