ISE. Conclusion The neuromuscular blocking effects of 4 antibiotics were significantly greater in diaphragm muscle than those in limb muscles.

Objective To observe pre-syncopal limited tolerance and cardiovascular responses to head-up tilt combined with lower body negative pressure (HUT/LBNP) following exposure to head-down tilt (HDT, -1 Gz). Method Exposures to HUT/LBNP (-60 mmHg) in control session (without preceding 30 s -1 Gz treatment) and in simulated push-pull effect (PPE) session (with preceding 30 s -1 Gz treatment) were performed in 8 healthy adults. The changes of hemodynamic parameters were monitored by electrical impedance instrument during the experiments. Result The mean endurance time in presyncopal symptom limited HUT/LBNP in control session and in simulated PPE session were 8.4±2.1 min and 4.5±2.4 min, respectively, the two means were significantly different (P< 0.01). In simulated PPE session, as compared with baseline, heart rate (HR) during HDT was significantly lowered (P<0.01), while stroke volume (SV) and cardiac output (CO) were increased significantly (P<0.01). During HUT/LBNP, the increased percentage (relative to baseline) of HR in PPE session was lower than these in control session (P<0.05); the decreased percentages of SV and CO during HUT/LBNP in PPE session were both higher than those in control session (P<0.05). During HUT/LBNP, arterial pulse pressure (PP) of control session was significantly decreased than the value of baseline value (P<0.05); Total peripheral resistance (TPR) of PPE session was significantly increased than baseline value (P<0.05). Conclusion Tolerance time before the appearance of presyncopal symptoms during HUT/LBNP decreases and cardiovascular responses to HUT/LBNP are impaired, preceding exposure to HDT.

ObjectiveTo investigate the role of Nav1.7 in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) in a rat model of diabetic neuropathic pain (DNP).MethodsThirty-two female Wistar rats aged 3 months weighing 180-220 g were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n ＝ 8 each):control group ( group C),sham operation group ( group S),DNP group and ProTx- Ⅱ (a selective Nav1.7 blocker) group (group E).Diabetes mellitus was induced by intraperitoneal streptozocin 65 mg/kg.Blood glucose level and mechanical paw withdrawal threshold (MWT)to von Froy filamentstimulation were measured 2 weeks later.DNP was confirmed by blood glucose level ≥ 16.0 mmol/L and MWT decreased by more than 50％ of the baseline value.Intrathecal catheter was implanted at L5,6 interspace on day 10 after successful induction of DNP.On day 4 after placement of the intrathecal catheter,ProTx- Ⅱ 10 μg/kg was injected intrathecally in group E,while the equal volume of normal saline was given in groups DNP and S.MWT and never conduction velocity (NCV) were measured 1 h after intrathecal injection.The rats were then sacrificed and DRGs of the lumbar segment (L4-6) were removed for determination of Nav1.7 protein expression (by immuno-histochemistry and Western blot) and Nav1.7 mRNA expression (by RT-PCR).ResultsThe MWT and NCV were significantly lower and the Nav1.7 mRNA and protein expression was significantly higher in groups DNP and E than in group C.ProTx- Ⅱ significantly attenuated the diabetes-induced changes in MWT,but had no effect on NCV and Nav1.7 mRNA and protein expression.ConclusionNav1.7 in DRG is involved in the maintenance of DNP in rats.

Objective Radiosensitivity is highly correlated with DNA doub le stra nd breaks(DSBs). The repair of human DSB is possible mainly through nonhomologou s DNA end joining(NHEJ)pathway. This study was designed to determine the relat ionship between expression of 70Ku/ 80Ku prot ein (a modulating subunit of DNA-PK, which is an important component in NHEJ pathway) and radiosensitivity of nasoph aryngeal carcinoma cell lines. Methods Radiosensitivity parameters of the nasoph aryngeal carcinoma cell lines were obtained by the colony forming assay and radi ation dose-survival curve was done by linear quadratic model. Western blot was p erformed to determine the expression of 70Ku and 80 Ku in total extract of CNE1 a nd CNE2 at baseline level、different time after 4?Gy irradiation、12 h after di ff erent doses of irradiation. To perform a semi-quantitated assay of protein expr e ssion, the optic density (OD) value of each band was estimated by automatic imag e analysis system. Results Surviving fraction of CNE1 was higher than those of CNE2 at each dose point. Mean inactivation dose was higher in the CNE1(2.35)t han that in the CNE2(1.11), but the quantity of 70Ku/ 80Ku in either cell line was similar at both baseline and postirradiation levels. Conclusions CNE2 is mo re radiaosensitive than CNE1; as there was no marked correlation observed betwee n the quantity of Ku protein and radiosensitivity of the nasopharyngeal carcinom a cell lines. X-irradiation cannot result in any change in total quantity of Ku protein.

Objective To investigate the imaging features in CT/MR of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors(PNETs) with multiple lesions and further deepen the understanding of this disease .Methods A retrospective review of 12 PNETs patients′radiological data with pancreatic tumors′numbers≥2 and confirmed by surgery or fine needle aspiration biopsy in Changhai Hospital were conducted .Five cases underwent pancreatic CT plain and enhanced scan , 2 cases underwent MRI plain and enhanced scan , and 5 cases underwent both CT and MRI scan .Results There were totally 46 lesions in 12 patients.There were 29 (63.0%) lesions located in the pancreatic head and neck , and 17(37.0%) lesions located in body and tail of pancreas.The sizes of the lesions ranged from 0.8 to 9.5 cm,and the median size was 2.9 cm.Forty-four (95.7%) of the tumors was round or oval , and 2 ( 4.3%) was lobulated;44 ( 95.7%) mass solid and 2 (4.3%) was cystic.CT plain scan detected punctate , crescent or nodular calcification in 8(17.4%) lesions;enhanced scan found 42 lesions(91.4%) were markedly enhanced in the arterial phase , 2 lesions (4.3%) were markedly enhanced in the pancreatic phase;2 lesions (4.3%) were slightly enhanced and the degree of enhancement was lower than that of the normal pancreas .Four cases (33.3%) had dilatation of pancreatic duct and/or the bile duct, 4 cases (33.3%) had distant organ metastasis, 2 cases (16.7%) had lymph node metastasis, and 3 cases (25.0%) had vascular invasion .Conclusions PNETs can be multiple and vary in the size.Most of the lesions are round or oval solid lesions and the malignant signs for organ metastasis can be found occasionally .In dynamic enhanced scanning , the obvious enhancement of the solid portion in the tumor and the higher enhancement degree than that of normal pancreas is the main characteristic .

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of the parameters obtained from PET/MR in brain tumors.Methods In this prospective study,28 patients (21 males,7 females,age range: 6-82 years) with clinical suspicion of brain tumor from November 2012 to September 2015 underwent PET/MR multi-modality imaging.The examination of PET/MR included 11C-MET PET and multiple MR sequences.The qualities of images were estimated firstly.The ROC curve and the accuracy of SUVmax,ADCmean,rCBF and NAA/(Cho+Cre) ratio were calculated.The pathology or final clinical diagnosis was taken as the standard.The diagnostic efficiency of the multi-modality imaging was determined based on the cutoff values of the four parameters.Two-sample t test was used to analyze the differences of parameters between glioma group and inflammatory group.Results SUVmax,ADCmean,rCBF and NAA/(Cho+Cre) ratio were validated to be effective parameters in diagnosing brain tumors with the diagnostic accuracy of 89.3％(25/28),82.1％(23/28),78.6％(22/28) and 75.0％(21/28),respectively.The SUVmax exhibited the highest diagnostic accuracy,while the diagnostic efficiency of the combination of four parameters was superior to the separate parameter.The values of SUVmax,rCBF and NAA/(Cho+Cre) ratio were significantly different between glioma group(n=10) and inflammatory group(n=11;t values:-2.31,-3.11,-2.77,all P<0.05).Conclusions PET/MR can provide a one-stop examination with multi-modality imaging of brain.The obtained parameters SUVmax,ADCmean,rCBF and NAA/(Cho+Cre) ratio,especially their combination,have effective diagnostic values on brain tumor.

Either injury or reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) may damage proprioceptive sense, remodel central ner-vous system and impair motor control. It is necessary to systematically remodel neuromuscular function, including proprioceptive sense cor-rection, central nervous system remodeling and motor control strengthening etc., for patients after ACL reconstruction.

Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), which responds with the diffusion of water molecules in spinal cord white matter, may be used to detect the integrity of the spinal cord fiber bundles and the pathological changes after injury. It is sensitive in acute and chronic spinal cord injury, such as cervical spondylotic myelopathy, multiple sclerosis, brain damage secondary spinal cord injury, spinal nerve root damage, and so on. In basic studies, DTI can reveal the microstructure and pathological changes of the injured spinal, and be correlated with behavioral assessment, which involved mice, monkeys, calves, cats, swines, dogs, and so on.

Objective To explore the feasibility and effectiveness of lateral gastrocnemius muscle branch nerve transferring for deep pe-roneal nerve injury. Methods Thirty-two adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control group (n=8), sham group (n=8), nerve direct repairing group (n=8) and nerve transferring group (n=8). Twelve weeks after the anastomosis, the nerve anastomosis was observed vi-sually, the length of lateral of gastrocnemius muscle branch (L1), the diameter at the point of entering muscle (D1), the maximum detachable length of nervus peroneus communis (L2), the diameter of deep peroneal nerve (D2) and the distance between branch point and neck of fibu-la (S) were measured. The peroneal nerve functional index (PFI), the amplitude of compound muscle action potential (CMAP), nerve con-duction velocity (NCV), the weight of the tibialis anterior and the creatine kinase (CK) activity of theanterior tibial were compared among groups. Results L10.05). Conclusion It is feasible that lateral head muscular branches of gastrocnemius nerve transferring can repair deep peroneal nerve injury, which is needed to separate superficial peroneal nerve and deep peroneal nerve in the epineurium without damaging nerve for tension free neuroanastomosis. Lateral head muscular branches of gastrocnemius nerve transferring can repair the func-tion after deep peroneal nerve injury.