Objective To assess the proficiency of water monitoring laboratory at rural, county, and provincial levels in Guangdong province, to ensure the province's drinking water monitoring results accurate and reliable. Methods State quality of certified reference materials as water arsenic, fluoride and chloride of 90 copies each were numbered and distributed to 90 monitoring laboratories in the province for testing, The measurement results of the participatory labs were evaluated through normative values and expanded uncertainty, and were compared with those of robust statistics method. Results All participatory labs had timely feedback of their measurement results. The qualified rate was higher when arsenic was tested by hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry and zinc-new silver salt of sulfuric acid spectrophotometric system, while fluoride and chloride by ion chromatography. The average qualified rates of water arsenic, fluoride and chloride of the province's rural drinking water quality monitoring laboratory were 66% (59/90), 72% (65/90) and 72% (65/90), respectively.Seven participatory labs failed the proficiency testing of all three analytes and unqualified rate was 7.8% (7/90)among the ninety participated monitoring labs. The qualified rates of robust statistics method for arsenic fluoride and chloride were greater than those evaluated by the expanded uncertainty, and large deviations with small sample sizes. Conclusions The testing ability of drink-water monitoring labs in Guangdong province has improved.However, by comparison with the requirements of national quality control and testing skills, there is still a gap. It is suggested that internal quality control be included in routine inspeetion to improve laboratory testing technology.

Background Rigid gas permeable (RGP) contact lens,as a kind of new correction of refraction error,has been wildly used,but whether it will cause eye optical system of the change and influence on the visual acuity is unclear.Objective Present study was to evaluate and compare the visual quality of low to moderate myopia following wearing of RGP contact lens and spectacles.Methods Sixty-eight eyes of 35 subjects with low or mediate myopia were included in this study.Wave-front aberrations and visual acuities under the different contrasts (10％,30％,40％,52％,76％,92％) in the light or dark environment were examined before and 3 months after wearing of RGP corneal contact lens.These parameters were compared with those after wearing of spectacles with paired t test.Results The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was improved significantly from 0.94±0.10 to 1.26±0.03 3 months after wearing of RGP corneal contact lens (t=-9.266,P=0.000).After fitting of RGP corneal contact lens,the total higher order wave-front aberrations,the 3rd and 4th order aberrations were significantly declined in comparison with those of before fitting (total:t=4.683,P=0.000;RMS3:t=4.656,P=0.000;RMS4:t=3.929,P=0.000).However,no significant differences were detected in the 5th and 6th order aberrations between RGP corneal contact lens fitting and spectacles wearing (RMS5:t=1.766,P=0.083 ;RMS6:t=1.150,P=0.256).In both bright and dark environments,BCVA values were much better in the eyes with RGP corneal contact lens wearing than that in the eyes with spectacles wearing (all P＜0.05).The BCVA was always reduced with the decline of contrast level whether bright or dark backgrounds both in RGP corneal contact lens wearing eyes and spectacles wearing eyes.Conclusions Wearing of RGP corneal contact lens provides better visual quality for low to moderate myopia than the spectacles wearing.

To establish a cell model in vitro that stable expressing HBV by integrating HBA1.3 DNA into cell chromosome. The HBV1.3 full-length DNA was obtained by digested pGEM-HBV1.3 plasmid with HindIII and then was linked with PU-21 vector digested by HindIII. This was resulted in generation of a recombined plasmid named PU21-HBV plasmid. The recombined plasmid was introduced into HepG2 cells by electroporation. The transfected cells were screened with G418. The insertion and expression of HBV were identified by X-gal staining, RT-PCR and Southern blot. The result of PU21-HBV plasmid sequence demonstrated that HBV1.3 DNA was linked correctly with PU-21 vector. A series of positive cell colonies were obtained with G418 screening followed transfecting PU21-HBV plasmid into HepG2 cells. The results of Southern blot and RT-PCR exhibit that HBV1.3 DNA had successfully integrated into the chromosomes of HepG2 cells and had functional HBV gene transcription. HBV1.3 DNA was inserted into HepG2 genome and could stable transcript HBV RNA. The stable HBV expression cell line was constructed successfully. There are LoxP sites in the trapping vector PU21. With the Cre enzyme, interesting genes could be excganged into the LoxP sites. Therefore, double stable expression of interesting gene and HBV cell lines could be generated. The cell lines will be useful for further research some target gene function on replication of HBV.

Objective: To investigate the awareness of pubertal knowledge and its influencing factors among primary school students in Chinese rural areas, and to provide evidences for improving awareness level and popularizing scientific, reasonable, and suitable sex education. Methods: Sixteen primary schools consisting of rural registered students in Guizhou and Anhui Province were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method, and a questionnaire survey for 2 506 senior students (grade five and six) was conducted to explore the awareness of pubertal knowledge and its influencing factors among primary school students in Chinese rural areas. Results: The total awareness rate of pubertal knowledge was 62.7% among primary school students in Guizhou and Anhui rural areas, and the awareness rates were relatively low for the questions about the difference between male and female pubertal development and understanding of sexual attitude; female students, only-child students and grade six students got a bit better awareness of pubertal knowledge than male students, non-only-child students and grade five students respectively; grade[OR=0.72(0.61-0.86)], peer acceptance [OR=0.70(0.53-0.96)], family intimacy [OR=0.75(0.63-0.88)] had effect on awareness of pubertal knowledge. Conclusion The awareness of pubertal knowledge among primary school students in Guizhou and Anhui rural areas need further improvement, especially for male students, non-only-child students and grade five students in the questions about the difference between male and female pubertal development and understanding of sexual attitude. It is necessary to improve the awareness of pubertal knowledge by enhancing peer acceptance, promoting family intimacy, and popularizing scientific, reasonable, and suitable sex education.

Objective To explore the path and effect of family cohesion, family adaptability and health remind on health behavior improvement of chronic disease patients, so as to provide evidences for the family-centered chronic disease management. Methods Data of all 1 134 patients with chronic diseases was selected from the national sample survey database. t-test was used to compare family cohesion, family adaptability, health remind and health behavior improvement between different groups, and Pearson correlation was used to analyze the correlation between variables. In the process of path analysis, parameters were estimated by maximum likelihood. Results Among the 1 134 chronic diseases patients, male accounted for 41.4%, and female accounted for 58.6%. The average age of participants was (53.6±10.0) years old. The score of health behavior improvement was (1.89±1.20). Path analysis showed that family cohesion had indirect effects on behavior improvement (effect size=0.072); family adaptability had both direct and indirect effects on behavior improvement (effect size=0.156); Health remind had direct effect on behavior improvement (effect size=0.357). Conclusions The high-level family cohesion and adaptability can improve patients’ health behavior by improving the health remind. It is suggested that family-centered health management services for chronic disease patients should emphasize the participation of family members as well as the improvement of family function.

PURPOSE: The treatments for congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction range from minimally invasive to more invasive methods. Initially, clinicians select lacrimal sac massage with topical antibiotics application or early lacrimal sac probing. We studied if the characteristics of infants improved after lacrimal sac massage with topical antibiotic application. METHODS: Two hundred thirty-four eyes of 204 patients diagnosed with congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction from March 2001 to January 2007 were included. Excluded were infants who had obvious epiblepharon or eyelid abnormalities, tumors of the lacrimal system, or a history of trauma. Neonates less than 1 month were also excluded to rule out neonatal conjunctivitis. At the first visit, we recorded birth profile information such as gestational age, birth weight and height, onset time of symptoms, and post-conceptional age. We compared the results between the successful treatment group and failure group after lacrimal sac massage and topical antibiotic application. RESULTS: One hundred twenty-three eyes showed improvement after conservative treatment (52.6%), and the infants included in the success group visited earlier and had lower PCA (P<0.05). No other factors evaluated in this study contributed toward the improvement in symptoms observed. CONCLUSIONS: When considering treatment for congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction, an evaluation of factors related to birth should be performed. According to the results, infants with the characteristics of favorable outcome should be treated conservatively, while those patients who do not have the characteristics for favorable outcome should be treated by early probing to achieve an effective and satisfactory outcome.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Birth Weight ; Conjunctivitis ; Eye ; Eyelids ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Massage ; Nasolacrimal Duct ; Parturition ; Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis

OBJECTIVETo investigate the splice variants of the calpain 3 gene existing in human skeletal muscle tissue and white blood cells, and to explore the feasibility of gene diagnosis using CAPN3 mRNA extracted from peripheral leukocytes.

METHODSTotal RNA was extracted from peripheral blood and skeletal muscle tissue in healthy individuals. CAPN3 cDNAs were determined by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing. CAPN3 cDNAs from peripheral leukocytes were compared with sequences obtained from skeletal muscle tissue.

RESULTSRT-PCR and DNA sequencing showed that the CAPN3 cDNAs comprised 24 exons in human skeletal muscle tissue, while the number of exons was 23 in white blood cells. Exon 15 was spliced out in human white blood cells.

CONCLUSIONSplice variants exist in human skeletal muscle tissue and white blood cells. Gene diagnosis may omit the mutations of exon 15 using mRNA extracted from peripheral leukocytes. These findings suggest that mutation analysis of the CAPN3 cDNA should use skeletal muscle tissue as materials instead of peripheral blood.

Calpain ; genetics ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; DNA, Complementary ; genetics ; Exons ; genetics ; Humans ; Leukocytes ; metabolism ; Muscle Proteins ; genetics ; Muscle, Skeletal ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

Objective To analyze driver genes status and its clinical characteristics of advanced lung adenocarcinoma, then evaluate the status of first-line treatment in a single centric real-world. Methods EGFR, ALK, ROS-1 gene in 204 advanced lung adenocarcinoma tissue were tested by ARMS-PCR method. And the relationship between driver genes status and clinical characteristics was analyzed as the first line treatment in real clinical practice. Results The positive rate of driver genes status in 204 advanced lung adenocarcinoma was 53.9％ (110/204) , including EGFR mutation 46.1％ (94/204) , ALK positive 6.4％ (13/204) and ROS1 positive 1.5％ (3/204). The driving genes status was significantly correlated with gender, smoking history, tumor staging and serosal invasion (P < 0.05). There were significantly differences among the proportion of first-line standard treatment in different subgroup (P = 0.000) , the first-line standard treatment rate of EGFR mutation, ALK/ROS1 positive and drive gene negative were 77.7％, 37.5％, and 46.8％ respectively. And the ratio of using 1 st generation EGFR-TKIs in all patients is 70.6％ (60/85). Conclusion More than half of advanced lung adenocarcinoma have driver genes changes, and EGFR-TKI first-line treatment has higher acceptability in real-word.

Objective To determine the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and its inhibitor in the development of exercise-induced atrial fibrosis.Methods Totally 48 eight-week-old male adult sprague-dawley rats were randomly divided into a control(C) group and a highly intensive exercise(H) group,each of 24.Group C was fed normally,while group H took one hour treadmill running with the gradient of 10°and speed of 28 m/min every weekday,lasting 5 weeks.The mRNA and protein expression of MMP-1 and matrix metalloproteinase tissue inhibitor-1 (TIMP-1) were detected using the real-time PCR and Western blotting.Results The MMP-1 expression of group H increased significantly after 8 weeks' training,compared to the control group.However,there was no significant difference in MMP-1 expression between group C and H after 12 or 16 weeks of training.The MMP-1 mRNA expression decreased with the extending of exercise,and that of group H after 16 weeks' training was significantly lower than 8 weeks' (P＜0.05).The TIMP-1 expression had an increasing trend without significance after 8-week exercise.After 12 and 16-week exercise,the mRNA and protein expression of TIMP-1 increased significantly(P＜0.01 and P＜0.05).The TIMP-1 mRNA and protein expression increased gradually with the extension of exercise,and the TIMP-1 mRNA expression of group H after 16 weeks of training was significantly higher than that after 8 weeks(P＜0.01).The ratio of MMP-1/TIMP-1 mRNA and protein increased at first and decreased afterwards.The ratio of MMP-1/TIMP-1 of group H after 16 weeks of exercise was significantly lower than group C at the same time point,and group H after 8 weeks' Conclusion After a long-term high-intensity exercise,the MMP-1 expression of atrial first increases and then decreases,while the TIMP-1 expression increases gradually.Moreover,such exercise can induce disbalance between MMP-1 and TIMP-1,maybe due to the molecular pathological mechanism of exercise-induced atrial damage and fibrosis.

OBJECTIVETo screen the proteins interacting with FXR1P for functional investigation of FXR1P.

METHODSThe yeast strain AH109 transformed with the recombinant expression vector pGBKT7/FXR1 was mated with the yeast strain Y187 pretransformed with human fetal brain cDNA library. The positive clones were screened and identified by sequence analysis.

RESULTSThe recombinant expression vector pGBKT7/FXR1 was constructed successfully. Five proteins binding to FXR1P were screened from human fetal brain cDNA library using the yeast two-hybrid system, including CMAS, FTH1, GOLGA4, HSD17B1 and CSH1.

CONCLUSIONSThese results provide new clues for investigating the biological functions of FXR1P and the pathogenesis of Fragile X syndrome.

Autoantigens ; genetics ; metabolism ; Estradiol Dehydrogenases ; genetics ; metabolism ; Ferritins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Gene Library ; Humans ; Membrane Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs ; genetics ; RNA-Binding Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Two-Hybrid System Techniques