Aged ; Endoscopy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mycoses ; pathology ; surgery ; Paranasal Sinuses ; microbiology ; pathology ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies

Adult ; Bone Diseases, Developmental ; Female ; Humans ; Osteitis Fibrosa Cystica ; Temporal Bone

Objective To explore the feasibility of team-based learning (TBL) for practice teaching of the aerospace nutrition and food hygiene.Methods A total of 90 students were investigated,and were divided into the TBL group (n=46) and the TL group (n=44) by simple random sampling.After the experiment teaching,a test and questionnaire were used to compare the teaching effect of TBL group and TL group.SPSS 18.0 was used for date and the data was analyzed by Independent-Samples t test and Chi-square test.Results Students in TBL group achieved higher mean test scores (85.70 ± 3.47) compared with students (74.10±2.41) in TL group and the difference was statistically significant (t=8.703,P=0.000).The results of the questionnaire showed that,compared with the TL group,TBL group students more agreed with the positive impact of the teaching methods on their team work ability,interpersonal skills,communication ability,problem-solving and self-learning and other aspects,and the differences between two groups were statistically significant (P＜0.05).In addition,the majority of the respondents in TBL group [93.5％ (43/46)] were satisfied with TBL.Conclusions TBL teaching is better than the TL teaching,and it can significantly improve students' comprehension of knowledge and enhance their learning effect.

Objective:To investigate the changes of gene or protein expression and activity of matrix metalloprotein9 (MMP9) and tissue inhibitor ofmetalloproteinasel (TIMP1) in the carotid artery (CA) of 4 wk hindlimb unweighted rat.Methods:A 4 weeks(wk) hindlimb unweighted (HU) rat model was used to simulate the effect of weightlessness on the cardiovascular system.Transmission electron microscopy was used to detect the content of ECM.Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) was conducted to measure the mRNA content MMP and TIMP1.Immunohistochemistry and Western blot technique were used to measure the protein abundance.Gelatin zymography was carried out to detect the activity of MMP9.Results:Compared to the control group (CON),the area of ECM was enhanced (P＜0.05) and the content of collage fiber was increased (P＜0.05) in the CA of HU rats;moreover,HU did not affect the mRNA expression of MMP9,but significantly reduced the protein content (P＜0.05) or enzymatic activity (P＜0.05).Accordingly,the mRNA or protein expression of TIMP1 in the CA was significantly increased by HU (P＜0.05).Conclusion:Simulated weightlessness caused imbalance between MMP and TIMP1 expression,which might contribute to the ECM aggregation and stiffness of CA.

Background Metadherin is a newly discovered oncogene.It is highly expressed in some solid tumors and plays a significant role in invasion and metastasis of neoplasm as an important biological marker of aggressive cancers.However,there is little data available for the relationship between metadherin expression and clinicopathologic features of retinoblastoma(RB).Objective This study was to investigate the expression of the metadherin in RB cell lines and specimens as well as its clinical significance.Methods The expression of metadherin mRNA in different metastatic potential of RB cell lines(Y79,WERI-RB1 and SO-RB50)was detected by real-time PCR,and the protein expression of metadherin (MDTH)in paraffin-embedded RB tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry.The relevance of metadherin expression to clinical histopathological features was statistically analyzed.Results The relative expression value of metadherin mRNA was 6.11±0.17,6.21±0.21 and 3.97±0.17 in Y79,SORB50,WERI-RB1,respectively,with a significant difference among the three types of cell lines(F =142.643,P＜0.05).The relative expression value of metadherin mRNA was significantly higher in Y79 or SO-RB50 than that in W ERI-RB1 (P=0.000).The expression of MTDH protein mostly located in the cellular membrane and cytoplasm.Among the 54 RB sections,35 (64.81％)showed a high intensity in expression of metadherin protein.The total score of metadherin protein expression was higher in the E stage of RB than that of D stage(P=0.035),in the patients with high-risk factor than those without high-risk factor(P=0.002)and the cases with optic nerve invasion compared to non-invasion (P＝0.017).However,no significant differences were found in the expression of metadherin protein between different ages (P =0.579),different genders (P =0.513),bilateral eyes (P =0.305),different disease courses (P=0.860),various types of differentiation (P =0.537),different degree of the ehoroid invasion (P =0.238),and with or without invasion of the anterior ocular segment (P =0.579).Conclusions Metadherin appears to be highly expressed in RB cells.The activation of the MTDH gene is associated with invasion and metastasis of RB.These results imply that the dynamic change of metadherin expression probably is a prognostic indicator of RB.

The study is to explore the effect of total glucosides of paeony (TGP)on Wnt/β-catenin signal transduction pathway expression in kidney of diabetic rats, and discuss the protection of TGP in diabetic nephropathy and possible mechanism. Ninety male SD rats of 8 weeks age were randomly divided into normal control group (n = 10) and model group (n = 80). Rats of the normal control group were fed with regular diet, while rats of the model group were fed with high-fat high-sugar diet and 4 weeks later were given an intraperitoneal injection of 35 mg x kg(-1) streptozotocin (STZ). The successfully induced type 2 diabetic rat models were then randomly divided into DM group, three TGP (50, 100, 200 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)) treatment group and tripterygium wilfordii glycosides (8 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)) control group. Rats of DM group and each treatment group were given high-fat high-sugar diet. At week 14, the levels of blood sugar, 24 hour urine protein, serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen were tested. The rats were then sacrificed. Renal pathological changes were examined. Renal tissue Wnt-1 and β-catenin expressions were detected by immunohistochemical assay. Wnt-1 mRNA and β-catenin mRNA expression was semi-quantified by RT-PCR. Wnt-1 protein and β-catenin protein expression was semi-quantified by Western blot. The Result show that Wnt-1 and β-catenin expression increased in kidney of high-fat high-sugar induced type 2 diabetic rats. Compared with diabetic group, the level of serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, 24 h urine protein, mean glomerular area and mean glomerular volume were decreased, renal histopathology were improved, expression of Wnt-1 and β-catenin mRNA and protein was reduced in TGP group. Tripterygium wilfordii glycosides had the similar effect. In conclusion, these results showed that Wnt/β-catenin abnormal activation in kidney of type 2 diabetic rats, TGP can improve kidney damage in diabetic rats and delay the development of diabetic nephropathy by inhibit the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
Animals ; Blood Glucose ; metabolism ; Blood Urea Nitrogen ; Diabetic Nephropathies ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Glucosides ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Kidney ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Male ; Paeonia ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Wnt Signaling Pathway ; drug effects ; Wnt1 Protein ; genetics ; metabolism ; beta Catenin ; genetics ; metabolism

As a kind of commonly used traditional Chinese medicine, ginseng has a high reputation at home and abroad. The research of ginseng has been expanded to medicine, pharmacy, biology, food science and other fields, with great achievements in recent years. Ginseng contains ginsenosides, volatile oil, carbohydrates, amino acids, polypeptides, inorganic elements and othser chemical constituents. Each component has extensive physiological activity, and is the base of ginseng's effect. After processing, the complicated changes are taken place in the constituents of ginseng, and some new substances produced. This paper aims to review the studies on chemical constituents and their mechanisms during ginseng processing, and the ideas, methods and the direction of the development of traditional Chinese medicine processing in the future.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Panax ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry

Background and purpose:miR-196a2 functions as an oncogene during tumor initiation and pro-gression. The up-regulation promotes tumor cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis. Therefore, it is promising to be an important tumor biomarker. The aim of this study was to investigate whether rs11614913, a gene polymorphic site ofmiR-196a2, is associated with the risk of leukemia.Methods:A case-control analysis was employed. Bone marrow or periph-eral blood was collected from 210 leukemia patients diagnosed from Jan. 2009 to Jul. 2015 in Yantaishan Hospital (case group) as well as 250 healthy people who were physically examined during the same period (control group). Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-PFLP) was used to detect the genotype of rs11614913. Application test was used to compare the difference in the frequency of each genotype between case group and control group. The odds ratio (OR) of SNP allelic genes was calculated using logistic regression analysis and 95%CI represented the risk of leukemia for each genotype.Results:The distribution differences in the frequency of T/T, C/C, C/T genotype of miR-196a2 rs11614913 between case group and control group were statistically significant (P<0.05). The risk of leukemia for individuals who carried mutant homozygous C/C was 2.661-fold higher than those carried wild-type homozygous T/T, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion:ThemiR-196a2 gene polymorphic site rs11614913 was associated with the risk of leukemia. Mutant homozygous C/C or C allelic gene carrying was probably a risk factor for leukemia.

Animals ; Herbicides ; poisoning ; Humans ; Paraquat ; poisoning

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical effect of arthroscopic excision of the os subfibulare in anterior-lateral ankle pain.

METHODSFrom December 2005 to Augest 2014, 16 patients suffering from pain associated with an os subfibulare in the anterior-lateral side of their ankles were reviewed. Among the patients,11 patients were male and 5 were female, with a mean age of (33.5 ± 15.6) years old. The mean maximum diameter of os subfibulare was (0.70 ± 0.26) cm. All the patients underwent excision of the osseous fragments, and had anatomic reconstruction of the anterior talofibular ligament if the anterior-lateral ankle was instable. The average follow-up period was (18.0 ± 4.5) months. To analyze the surgical outcome, American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot pain and function scales,visual analogue scale (VAS) and Tegner activity scale were assessed preoperatively and postoperatively.

RESULTSAOFAS scales were preoperative 60.15 ± 14.52 and postoperative 92.35 ± 5.73. There was a significant difference between them (t = -8.251, P = 0.000). The mean VAS score were preoperative 7.35 ± 0.46 and postoperative 2.45 ± 0.98. Statistical significance was also notable (t = 18.105, P = 0.000). Tegner score was significantly increased from preoperative 2.87 ± 1.12 to postoperative 5.78 ± 1.06 (t= -7.548, P = 0.000).

CONCLUSIONIrrespective of the size of os subfibulare, in patients with pain or instability associated with the os subfibulare, arthroscopic excision combined with reconstruction of ther anterior talofibular ligament or not was effective in restoring ankle function and eliminating pain.

Adult ; Ankle Injuries ; surgery ; Ankle Joint ; surgery ; Arthroscopy ; methods ; Female ; Fibula ; surgery ; Humans ; Lateral Ligament, Ankle ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged