AIM:To compare the accuracy of conventional contact A-scan and IOL Master in measuring axial length and anterior chamber depth, and to evaluate the characteristics of these two different methods.METHODS:Totally 145 cases (189 eyes) who underwent phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation in our hospital from January 2015 to December 2016 were observed prospectively.They were divided into five groups according to ocular axial length measured by IOL Master(Group A:AL≤22mm, Group B:22mm28mm).The axial length and anterior chamber depth were measured by A-scan and IOL Master respectively before operation, corneal curvature was measured by IOL Master.AL≤22mm using Hoffer Q formula to calculate the crystal degree, AL>22mm using Haigis formula to calculate the crystal degree.Analysis of axial length, anterior chamber depth and mean absolute refractive error at 3mo after surgery.RESULTS:The axial length measured by A-scan and IOL-master:Group A were 21.48±0.41mm and 21.46±0.40mm (P>0.05);Group B were 23.13±0.62mm and 23.14±0.63mm(P>0.05);Group C were 25.24±0.56mm and 25.27±0.59mm(P>0.05);Group D were 26.97±0.59mm and 27.03±0.64mm(P>0.05);Group E were 30.76±1.40mm and 31.01±1.53mm(P<0.05).Mean absolute refractive error (MAE) at 3mo after surgery by A-scan and IOL Master:Group A were 0.50±0.30D and 0.43±0.27D(P>0.05);Group B were 0.48±0.34D and 0.45±0.32D(P>0.05);Group C were 0.56±0.32D and 0.49±0.40D(P>0.05);Group D were 0.64±0.16D and 0.50±0.22D(P>0.05);Group E were 0.91±0.47D and 0.62±0.29D(P<0.05), MAE≤±0.50D were 38.7% and 65%(P<0.05), MAE≤±1.00D were 69.2% and 83.3%(P>0.05).Anterior chamber depth measured by A-scan and IOL Master:Group A were 2.81±0.35mm and 2.82±0.41mm (P>0.05);Group B were 3.04±0.50mm and3.10±0.47mm (P>0.05);Group C were 3.55±0.62mm and 3.60±0.52mm (P>0.05);Group D were 3.42±0.24mm and 3.51±0.30mm(P>0.05);Group E were 3.50±0.28mm and 3.61±0.34mm(P>0.05).CONCLUSION:IOL Master and contact A-scan have a high degree of consistency in the biological measurement, IOL Master has higher accuracy for patients with high myopia and long axis.It is a simple, accurate, good-repeatable and non-contact measurement tool.

Purpose To investigate the expression of Netrin-1 in ovarian serous carcinoma and its c1inicopatho1ogica1 significance. Methods Netrin-1 protein expression was assessed by immunohistochemica1 method in tissue specimens from 20 cases of benign ovari-an serous cystadenomas,13 cases of border1ine ovarian serous neop1asms and 32 cases of ovarian serous carcinomas( OSC). Results The positive proportion of Netrin-1 protein in OSC tissues was significant1y higher than those in border1ine and benign ovarian serous ne-op1asms(P<0. 01). The expression of Netrin-1 in OSC tissues was associated with tumor grade and c1inica1 stage(P<0. 05),but not associated with age,site,tumor size or 1ymph node metastasis( P>0. 05). Kap1an-Meier ana1ysis showed that the 5-year surviva1 rate of patients with Netrin-1 over-expression was significant1y 1ower than that of patients with 1ower expression( P<0. 05 ). Conclu-sions The high expression of Netrin-1 in OSC tissues indicates that Netrin-1 p1ays an important ro1e in cancer pathogenesis and deve1-opment and it may be a new assistant marker for prognosis of OSC.

OBJECTIVE:To study the protective effects of sodium magnesium fructose diphosphate(FDPM)on brain damage induced by ischemiareperfusion in rats.METHODS:Rats were subjected to cerebral ischemia-reperfusion induced by inserting a nylon thread into internal carotid artery to block the origin of middle cerebral artery and removing the thread for recirculation.After1h ischemia,FDPM(400mg/kg),fructose-1,6-diphosphate(FDP,400mg/kg)or magnesium sulfate(MgSO 4 ,30mg/kg)was administrated10min after the onset of ischemia.Neurological scale was scored after1h ischemia and after2h,5h and23h recirculation,and infarction area,MDA content and histopathological change of brain tissue were studied after1h ischemia and after23h recirculation.RESULTS:Compared with model group,400mg/kg FDPM decreased neurological scale,diminished infarction area,reduced MDA content and relieved pathomorphological changes of brain tissue subjected to ischemia-reperfusion in rats.These effects were more powerful than those of FDP(400mg/kg)or MgSO 4 (30mg/kg).CONCL_ USION:FDPM(400mg/kg)could markedly prevent rats from brain damage after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion,and its effects were more potent than those of FDP(400mg/kg)or MgSO 4 (30mg/kg).

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Chronic Disease ; Colonoscopy ; methods ; Diarrhea ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male

0.05),but in ages(P

Gene targeted mutagenesis and replacement can be used to modify gene sequence in genomic background without position effect or insertion inactivation in transgenic plants. Targeted mutagenesis organism has little biosafety concerns free of transgenes or marker genes. Gene targeted mutagenesis and replacement in high plants now appears to be a potential tool for gene functional analysis in situ, crops genetic improvement and molecular design. Zinc finger nuclease(ZFN)is most important and would be widely used in gene targeted mutagenesis and replacement through introducing double-strand breaks in genome. Strategies for gene targeted mutagenesis and replacement in plants is discussed. ZFN is described in detail from its structure, operation model and application in plants. Developmental prospect of ZFN in plant gene targeted mutagenesis and replacement is also discussed.

The retinal vascular changes and the results of treatment were studied in five incontinentia pigmenti patients. All patients were female and had a mean follow-up of 4 1/2 years (7 months~7 1/2 years). Abnormal retinal vascular changes included peripheral avascular retina, retinal and preretinal neovascularization, and dilated, tortuous retinal vessels. Two of them were treated; one received a cryotherapy and the other a laser photocoagulation to the avascular retinal area and showed regression of abnormal vessels. At last follow-up, no eye developed retinal detachment, but traction of the peripheral retina by a vitreous band was visible in three patients. One showed a degenerative macula and an atrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium in the papillomacular bundle area. Our result suggests that incontinentia pigmenti eyes may show retinal vascular changes very similar to that in retinopathy of prematurity, and can be effectively treated by destroying an avascualr retina if indicated.
Atrophy ; Cryotherapy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Incontinentia Pigmenti* ; Light Coagulation ; Retina ; Retinal Detachment ; Retinal Pigment Epithelium ; Retinal Vessels ; Retinaldehyde* ; Retinopathy of Prematurity ; Traction

Objective To evaluate the change of left atrial function after mitral valvuloplasty in patients with mitral valve prolapse by measuring left atrial strain using two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography(2D-STE).Methods Study population consisted of 25 patients with mitral valve prolapse and 25 healthy subjects.High frame rate two-dimensional images were recorded from the apical four chamber view and two chamber view.Images of patients with mitral valve prolapse were respectively recorded at pre-operation,3 days and 3 months post-operation.Left atrial longitudinal strain was measured in two views using two-dimensional strain soft ware.Results ①Compared with the control group,global peak atrial longitudinal strain (PALS),peak atrial contraction strain (PACS) and atrial longitudinal strain during early diastole(ALSED) decreased (P ＜0.01) in patients with mitral valve prolapse,but global timeto-peak of peak atrial longitudinal strain(TPLS) increased(P ＜0.01).Regurgitant jet area/left atrium area (RJA/LAA) in patients with mitral valve prolapse correlated negatively with global PALS(r =-0.620,P ＜ 0.01).② Compared with preoperative group,global PALS,PACS,ALSED and TPLS decreased significantly at 3 days after surgery(P ＜0.01).Global PALS,ALSED(P ＜0.01) and PACS(P ＜0.05)increased at 3 months after surgery,but global TPLS did not differ significantly.Conclusions 2D-STE could accurately evaluate the change of left atrial function after mitral valvuloplasty.

Objective To establish an experimental model for the study of α-particle-induced bystander effect of DNA damage and investigate the characteristics of bystander DNA double-strand break (DSB).Methods The red fluorescence fusion protein of HsBrkl-RFP was used to mark the cytoplasm of one cell line to distinguish the irradiated target cells (HFS-RFP) and the non-irradiated bystander cells (HFS) in the co-culture cellular model.After α-particle irradiation,cellular DSB and its repair kinetics were analyzed by the immunofluorescence staining of γH2AX and laser confocal microscope observation.Results A bystander studying model was established by co-culturing human HFS-RFP cells with its partner HSF cells.After 0.1 Gy or 0.2 Gy α-particle irradiation,the similar kinetics of γH2AX foci production and abatement were observed in both irradiated HFS-RFP cells and non-irradiated bystander HFS cells,in which the highest level of γH2AX foci was detected at 1 h post-irradiation.The second peak of γH2AX foci formation appeared at 8 h post-irradiation,which possibly indicates the occurrence of secondary DSB.However,the production of secondary DSB in the bystander cells was weaker than that in the irradiated cells.Conclusions The cell co-culture model can be used for bystander effect investigation.Bystander DSB can be effectively induce by irradiation and the secondary breakage of DNA DSB in the bystander cells may relative to the consequential biochemical processing of clustered DNA damage.

Objective To assess the advantages of multi-source RF transmission(MT) for balanced fast field echo(BFFE) cardiac cine imaging.Methods Fifteen volunteers were scanned on a clinical 3.0 T MR system equipped with MT.Acquisition of B1 maps with and without MT were followed by axial and four chambers BFFE cine imaging for all subjects with different transmission modes[single source RF transmission (ST),MT and MT with allowable shortest TR(MTS)].The B1 field uniformity and contrast to noise ratio (CNR) were quantitatively analyzed.The B1 field uniformity was evaluated by the pixel values within the ROI and was compared with Student t test.CNR was defined as follows:(SIblood-SImyocardium)/ 0.5 ×(SDblood + SDmyocardium).CNR were tested with one-way ANOVA for three groups comparision and with LSD for inter-group comparison.Image qualities were blindly assessed by 2 readers with a 4-score scale.Global image quality scores were tested for statistical significance by using the nonparametric paired sample Friedman rank test for three groups and the Wilcoxon signed rank test for further inter-group comparison.The Kappa statistics was used to assess interreader agreement.Results B1 homogeneity was significantly improved for images with MT compared with ST under the condition of other parameters unchanged (t =21.632,P ＜0.01).In left ventricular,CNR of blood and myocardium was improved from 10.8 ±2.2 for ST to 14.4 ± 2.4 for MT and 14.1 ± 2.2 for MTS.In fight ventricular,it was improved from 7.7 ± 1.2 for ST to 12.2 ± 1.4 for MT and 12.0 ± 1.2 for MTS.The differences were statistically significant (F =11.617,61.472,P ＜0.01).The images of MT and MTS groups demonstrated greater CNR versus the ST images.There was no statistical difference between latter two groups.The image scores of Reader 1 and 2 were 4.60 ± 1.18 and 4.73 ± 1.10 for ST,6.53 ± 1.19 and 6.67 ± 1.29 for MT and 6.73 ± 1.03 and 6.73 ± 0.88 for MTS respectively.There were statistically differences among three groups (x2 =23.577,24.275,P ＜ 0.01).The image quality was improved on BFFE images using MT and MTS technology compared to ST technology,and there were also significant differences.The interreader agreement between two readers was good [K=0.643,0.722 and 0.814(P ＜0.05) for ST,MT,and MTS group respectively].Conclusions MT technology significantly improves B1 field uniformity,increases CNR and reduces artifact on BFFE cardiac cine images.The TR is decreased within the normal SAR ranges,and thus scanning speed is increased.