AIM:To compare the accuracy of conventional contact A-scan and IOL Master in measuring axial length and anterior chamber depth, and to evaluate the characteristics of these two different methods.METHODS:Totally 145 cases (189 eyes) who underwent phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation in our hospital from January 2015 to December 2016 were observed prospectively.They were divided into five groups according to ocular axial length measured by IOL Master(Group A:AL≤22mm, Group B:22mm28mm).The axial length and anterior chamber depth were measured by A-scan and IOL Master respectively before operation, corneal curvature was measured by IOL Master.AL≤22mm using Hoffer Q formula to calculate the crystal degree, AL>22mm using Haigis formula to calculate the crystal degree.Analysis of axial length, anterior chamber depth and mean absolute refractive error at 3mo after surgery.RESULTS:The axial length measured by A-scan and IOL-master:Group A were 21.48±0.41mm and 21.46±0.40mm (P>0.05);Group B were 23.13±0.62mm and 23.14±0.63mm(P>0.05);Group C were 25.24±0.56mm and 25.27±0.59mm(P>0.05);Group D were 26.97±0.59mm and 27.03±0.64mm(P>0.05);Group E were 30.76±1.40mm and 31.01±1.53mm(P<0.05).Mean absolute refractive error (MAE) at 3mo after surgery by A-scan and IOL Master:Group A were 0.50±0.30D and 0.43±0.27D(P>0.05);Group B were 0.48±0.34D and 0.45±0.32D(P>0.05);Group C were 0.56±0.32D and 0.49±0.40D(P>0.05);Group D were 0.64±0.16D and 0.50±0.22D(P>0.05);Group E were 0.91±0.47D and 0.62±0.29D(P<0.05), MAE≤±0.50D were 38.7% and 65%(P<0.05), MAE≤±1.00D were 69.2% and 83.3%(P>0.05).Anterior chamber depth measured by A-scan and IOL Master:Group A were 2.81±0.35mm and 2.82±0.41mm (P>0.05);Group B were 3.04±0.50mm and3.10±0.47mm (P>0.05);Group C were 3.55±0.62mm and 3.60±0.52mm (P>0.05);Group D were 3.42±0.24mm and 3.51±0.30mm(P>0.05);Group E were 3.50±0.28mm and 3.61±0.34mm(P>0.05).CONCLUSION:IOL Master and contact A-scan have a high degree of consistency in the biological measurement, IOL Master has higher accuracy for patients with high myopia and long axis.It is a simple, accurate, good-repeatable and non-contact measurement tool.

OBJECTIVE:To study the protective effects of sodium magnesium fructose diphosphate(FDPM)on brain damage induced by ischemiareperfusion in rats.METHODS:Rats were subjected to cerebral ischemia-reperfusion induced by inserting a nylon thread into internal carotid artery to block the origin of middle cerebral artery and removing the thread for recirculation.After1h ischemia,FDPM(400mg/kg),fructose-1,6-diphosphate(FDP,400mg/kg)or magnesium sulfate(MgSO 4 ,30mg/kg)was administrated10min after the onset of ischemia.Neurological scale was scored after1h ischemia and after2h,5h and23h recirculation,and infarction area,MDA content and histopathological change of brain tissue were studied after1h ischemia and after23h recirculation.RESULTS:Compared with model group,400mg/kg FDPM decreased neurological scale,diminished infarction area,reduced MDA content and relieved pathomorphological changes of brain tissue subjected to ischemia-reperfusion in rats.These effects were more powerful than those of FDP(400mg/kg)or MgSO 4 (30mg/kg).CONCL_ USION:FDPM(400mg/kg)could markedly prevent rats from brain damage after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion,and its effects were more potent than those of FDP(400mg/kg)or MgSO 4 (30mg/kg).

Purpose To investigate the expression of Netrin-1 in ovarian serous carcinoma and its c1inicopatho1ogica1 significance. Methods Netrin-1 protein expression was assessed by immunohistochemica1 method in tissue specimens from 20 cases of benign ovari-an serous cystadenomas,13 cases of border1ine ovarian serous neop1asms and 32 cases of ovarian serous carcinomas( OSC). Results The positive proportion of Netrin-1 protein in OSC tissues was significant1y higher than those in border1ine and benign ovarian serous ne-op1asms(P<0. 01). The expression of Netrin-1 in OSC tissues was associated with tumor grade and c1inica1 stage(P<0. 05),but not associated with age,site,tumor size or 1ymph node metastasis( P>0. 05). Kap1an-Meier ana1ysis showed that the 5-year surviva1 rate of patients with Netrin-1 over-expression was significant1y 1ower than that of patients with 1ower expression( P<0. 05 ). Conclu-sions The high expression of Netrin-1 in OSC tissues indicates that Netrin-1 p1ays an important ro1e in cancer pathogenesis and deve1-opment and it may be a new assistant marker for prognosis of OSC.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Chronic Disease ; Colonoscopy ; methods ; Diarrhea ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male

0.05),but in ages(P

Gene targeted mutagenesis and replacement can be used to modify gene sequence in genomic background without position effect or insertion inactivation in transgenic plants. Targeted mutagenesis organism has little biosafety concerns free of transgenes or marker genes. Gene targeted mutagenesis and replacement in high plants now appears to be a potential tool for gene functional analysis in situ, crops genetic improvement and molecular design. Zinc finger nuclease(ZFN)is most important and would be widely used in gene targeted mutagenesis and replacement through introducing double-strand breaks in genome. Strategies for gene targeted mutagenesis and replacement in plants is discussed. ZFN is described in detail from its structure, operation model and application in plants. Developmental prospect of ZFN in plant gene targeted mutagenesis and replacement is also discussed.

No abstract available.
Doxorubicin* ; Membrane Potentials* ; Membranes* ; Papillary Muscles*

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a member of beta-herpesvirus and contains a double-stranded genome with longer than 230 Kbp. HCMV infection of human is mostly asymptomatic, but often causes fatal diseases in immunocompromised people. In this study, codon usages of HCMV genes were analyzed and attempted to correlate with evolutionary conservancy. Core genes are the most conserved genes common among herpesvirus family, beta-herpes genes are common to beta-herpesviruses, and CMV genes are the least conserved found only in CMVs. Core genes had higher codon adaptation index (CAI) and GC content of silent 3rd codon position (GC3s) values and lower effective number of codons (Nc) and Nc/GC3s values than CMV genes. The average length of core genes was statistically longer than CMV genes, and core genes were found to be less varied than CMV genes. beta-herpes genes could be placed between core and CMV genes. Higher CAI and GC3s values along with lower Nc and Nc/GC3s values are suggestive of higher codon usage bias and more adaptation to host cells. Thus it is concluded that core genes of HCMV are more biased in codon usage and adapted to host cells compared to CMV genes.
Base Composition ; Bias (Epidemiology)* ; Codon* ; Cytomegalovirus* ; Genome ; Humans*

Eight patients with primary non-transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder during the period from January 1978 to December 1982 were reviewed, and following results ware obtained. 1. Primary non-transitional bladder carcinomas were 8 cases (11%) of 52 bladder carcinomas. 2. The age distribution was from 28 years to 72 years. Male to female ratio was 5 to 3. 3. Hematuria was presented in all cases, dysuria in 2 cases, frequency in 2 cases, lower abdominal pain in 2 cases. 4. Histopathological findings showed squamous cell carcinoma in 3 cases, adenocarcinoma in 3 cases, undifferentiated carcinoma in 1 cases, carcinosarcoma in 1 cases. According to 2Iewett classification, the degree of invasion was stage C in 5 cases, stage B2 in 1 case, stage B1 in 1 case and stage A in 1 case. 5. Five cases arised on lateral wall, 3 cases on dome, 1 case on posterior wall and 1 case on trigone. Four cases were nodular in type. 2 cases were papillary and 2 cases were smooth surface round pedunculated mass. Five cases were single and 3 cases were multiple. 6. 1) In stage C of adenocarcinoma, partial cystectomy was made in 1 case, radical cystectomy with ureteroileocutaneostomy in 1 case, partial cystectomy with postoperative irradiation in 1 case. In former two case, tumor metastasized to periaortic lymphnodes and lumber vertebrae after 6 months post-operatively. 2) Partial cystectomy was performed in 1 case of carcinosarcoma in stage A, tumor recurrence or metastasis did not occur after 1 year post-operatively. 3) In 2 cases of squamous cell carcinoma of stage C, preoperative irradiation with total cystectomy and ureterocutaneostomy was made in 1 case, total cystectomy with ureterocutaneostomy in 1 case and partial cystectomy with 5-FU instillation into the bladder was performed in 1 case of stage B2. In all cases, we couldn't follow up post-operatively. 4) In stage B1 of undifferentiated carcinoma, radical cystectomy with ureteroileocutaneostomy was performed. This case also couldn't be followed up.
Abdominal Pain ; Adenocarcinoma ; Age Distribution ; Carcinoma ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Carcinosarcoma ; Classification ; Cystectomy ; Dysuria ; Female ; Fluorouracil ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Male ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Recurrence ; Spine ; Urinary Bladder*

Interval colorectal cancer (I-CRC) is defined as a CRC diagnosed within 60 months after a negative colonoscopy, taking into account that 5 years is the “mean sojourn time.” It is important to prevent the development of interval cancer. The development of interval colon cancer is associated with female sex, old age, family history of CRC, comorbidities, diverticulosis, and the skill of the endoscopist. During carcinogenesis, sessile serrated adenomas/polyps (SSA/Ps) share many genomic and colonic site characteristics with I-CRCs. The clinical and biological features of I-CRC should be elucidated to prevent the development of interval colon cancer.
Carcinogenesis ; Colon ; Colonic Neoplasms ; Colonoscopy ; Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Comorbidity ; Diverticulum ; Female ; Humans