The commonly used examination procedures of the upper cervical spine depend upon the symmetry for comparison and interpretation of joint functions. If symmetry is not normal, then these assessments may mislead the examiners, allowing them implementation of incorrect treatment plans. Objectives of this study are to explore the possibility that asymmetry is more common than symmetry and, if it is true, to find out the effects of asymmetry on the biomechanics of these joints. The study was carried out on 30 atlas vertebrae of cadavers of Indian origin. The different intra-atlas distances were measured on both sides by digital vernier calliper. All the parameters studied showed statistically significant differences between the right and left side i.e. a p value of < 0.05. The anteroposterior diameter of the foramen transversarium, the transverse diameter of the foramen transversarium, the distance from the midline to medial edge of the vertebral artery groove (inner as well as outer cortex) and the length of the superior articular facets were more on the right side as compared to the left side. The breadth as well as the length of the inferior articular facet, the breadth of the superior articular facet and the difference of posterior arch thickness at the site of vertebral artery groove were more on the left side as compared to the right side. These differences may be explained by the handedness of an individual, which influences the intra-osteal asymmetry in a characteristically distinct manner, which needs to be confirmed or refuted in a further study.
Cervical Atlas

By spectrometry, in 78 patients with uterine servical cancer and a control group of 45 healthy person, the activity of erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes and plasma total antioxidant was determined. Results showed a significant decrease of SOD enzyme and blood red cell GPX in cervical cancer patients versus that of the controls. There is a light decrease of total antioxidant state of plasma in patients with cervical cancer versus the controls, and of Hb level in patients with cervical cancer versus the controls. The results suggests a relation between the activity of antioxidant enzyme in cervical cancer patients and DNA damage due to oxygene stress
Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; Uterine Cervical Diseases ; Patients

No abstract available.
Uterine Cervical Neoplasms*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms*

No abstract available.
Pregnancy* ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms*

No abstract available.
Axis, Cervical Vertebra

No abstract available.
Uterine Cervical Neoplasms*

No abstract available.
Cervical Ripening* ; Female ; Pregnancy

PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical usefulness and its own characteristic of Seohan computerized 85-hue test(SCHT-85) which was developed by authors. METHODS: SCHT-85 was performed in 89 normal subjects and 41 subjects with color defects diagnosed by Hardy-Rand-Rittler test(HRR test) and Farnsworth Munsell 100-hue test(FM 100-hue test) and total error scores(TES) according to the age in normal subjects and TES and central cap in subjects with color defects were determined. RESULTS: In normal subjects, TES of SCHT-85 according to the age were slightly higher than those of FM 100-hue test and highly correlated with those of FM 100-hue test. TES of SCHT-85 were increased according to the degree of abnormality in the HRR test in subjects with color defects. TES of SCHT-85 were lower than those of FM 100-hue test in normal subjects and higher than those of FM 100-hue test in subjects with color defects. In subjects with color defects, the central cap of SCHT-80 showed the tendency to yellowgreen-purple axis in protan and green-bluepurple axis in deutan compared to that of FM 100-hue test. CONCLUSIONS: SCHT-85 is highly correlated with FM 100-hue test and seems to be more useful to differentiate normal subjects and subjects with color defects than FM 100-hue test.
Axis, Cervical Vertebra

No abstract available.
Uterine Cervical Neoplasms*