0.5). It appears that both Load 1 and Load 2 accelerated the body metablism in the subjects, as evidenced by theadaptative rise in the frequency, amplitude and index of alpha waves. At a moderate load, the index of beta waves in the occipital region was 8.4% before the experiment, risingto 14.1% (P0.5)the 2-min interval. The increase in beta index in the occipital region indicates an increase of excitability of thecentral nervous system, and its return to normal after the 2-min interval signifies the adaptability of thesubjects.

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Humans ; Language ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Translations

Objective To establish a stable cell line expressing transmembrane form of human blood group A antigen mimotope vaccine by transfecting malignant melanoma cell line B16, and to detect the cytotoxicity of the vaccine against melanoma cells. Methods Cultured B16 cells were classified into 4 groups, i.e.,P/F-M-pIRES group [transfected with the recombinant plasmid mimotope peptide/Fas-macrophage inflammatory protein (Mip)-pIRES], P/F-pIRES group (transfected with the recombinant plasmid mimotope peptide/FaspIRES), M-pIRES group (transfected with the recombinant plasmid Mip-pIRES), and pIRES group (transfected with the empty plasmid pIRES). B 16 cells were transfected through Lipofectamine 2000. Subsequently, RT-PCR and Western blotting were performed to detect the mRNA and protein expressions of the mimotope peptide/Fas fusion gene and Mip3β in transfected B16 cells. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) was used to evaluate the vaccinemediated complement dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC)against B16 cells. Results RT-PCR yielded specific DNA fragments with expected size. Western blotting revealed the anti-A antibody-binding activity of the recombinant mimotope peptide/Fas fusion protein. Factor analysis indicated significant differences in CDC (F = 244.522, P ＜ 0.01 ) and ADCC (F = 71.593, P ＜ 0.01 )against B16 cells between the 4 groups. Group comparisons demonstrated more intense CDC and ADCC in P/FM-pIRES and P/F-pIRES groups compared with M-plRES and pIRES groups, stronger ADCC in P/F-M-pIRES group in comparison with P/F-pIRES group (F = 15.42, P ＜ 0.05), but no significant difference in CDC was observed between M-pIRES and pIRES group. Conclusions The transmembrane form of human blood group A antigen mimotope vaccine could be stably expressed in B16 cells, and mediate ADCC and CDC against B16 cells in vitro.

Objective:To evaluate the efficiency and safty of home-bleaching.Methods:Randomised controlled trials on home-bleaching were searched using CBM,CNKI,Medline,EMBASE and Cochrane Library up to April,201 3.The articles were selected by inclusion criterion,qualified by Cochrane system and analysed by Meta method.Results:1 2 studies with 61 1 cases were finally includ-ed and analysed.The results showed that 1 0% carbamide peroxide (CP)produced better bleaching efficiency than 1 5% CP(MD, 0.21 ;CI:[0.03,0.38];Z =1 .92;P =0.002).Hydrogen peroxide(HP)at 35% lead to higher tooth sensitivity in office-bleaching than CP at 1 0% in home-bleaching(MD,-1 .68;95%CI:[-2.75,-0.61 ];Z =3.09;P =0.002);home-bleaching were asso-ciated with less tooth sensitivity than office-bleaching(MD,-2.64;95%CI:[-3.96,-1 .32];Z =3.93;P <0.000 1 ),while there was no significance of tooth sensitivity between home-bleaching using CP and HP (OR,1 .94;95%CI:[0.84,4.44];Z =1 .56;P =0.1 2).Conclusion:1 0% CP home-bleaching may produce better bleaching efficiency;home-bleaching is associated with less tooth sensitivity than office-bleaching.

Background The establishment of chronic ocular hypertension is a basis for the research of glaucoma.Previous laser photocoagulation method to establish ocular hypertension model showed obvious fluctuation of intraocular pressure (IOP) and complications and need repeatedly photocoagulation.Improvement of modeling method is of important significance for glaucoma.Objective This study was to establish chronic ocular hypertension rat models by transgoniscope laser photocoagulation to trabecular meshwork and to compare this method with previous translimbal laser photocoagulation.Methods Thirty-six 8 to 12-week-old clean grade Fischer344 rats were collected and divided into normal control group,translimbal laser photocoagulation group and transgoniscope laser photocoagulation group,12 rats for each group.Five hundred and thirty-two nm YAG laser was used to photocoagulate trabecular meshwork translimbally in the right eyes of rats in the translimbal laser photocoagulation group,with the laser power 440-500 mW and spots 40-60,and the photocoagulation was perfored transgoniscopely in the right eyes of rats in the transgoniscope laser photocoagulation group,with the laser power 800-850 mW and spots 100-120.IOP was measured by using Tonolab tonometer in all the rats after modeling.The rats were sacrificed 3 weeks after modeling and retinas were isolated,the Tuj-1 positive retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) were counted by immunofluorescence technology.The use and care of the animals followed the Statement of ARVO.Results The successful rate of establishement of models was 75％ in the translimbal laser photocoagulation group and 100％ in the transgoniscope laser photocoagulation group.The mean IOP was (11.0±1.3),(23.4±12.6) and (25.3± 4.9) mmHg,and the peak IOP was (12.3 ± 1.0),(50.5 ± 7.3) and (44.3 ± 12.3) mmHg in the normal control group,transgoniscope laser photocoagulation group and translimbal laser photocoagulation group,respectively,with significant differences among the groups (F=25.496,80.762,both at P＜0.001),and the mean IOP was significantly higher in the transgoniscope laser photocoagulation group and translimbal laser photocoagulation group than that in the normal control group (all at P＜0.001),and no significant differences in the mean and peak IOP between transgoniscope laser photocoagulation group and translimbal laser photocoagulation group (P=1.000,P=0.195).The numbers of Tuj-1 positive RGCs in the retinas were (2 048.2± 148.5),(645.2 ± 177.1) and (1 223.7 ± 148.6)/mm2 in the normal control group,transgoniscope laser photocoagulation group and translimbal laser photocoagulation group,showing a significant difference among the groups (F=98.767,P＜0.001).The number of Tuj-1 positive RGCs was considerably reduced in the transgoniscope laser photocoagulation group and translimbal laser photocoagulation group compared with the normal control group and the number of Tuj-1 postive RGCs was low in the translimbal laser photocoagulation group compared with the transgoniscope laser photocoagulation group (all at P＜0.001).Conclusions Transgoniscope laser photocoagulation targeting trabecular meshwork can induce chronic ocular hypertension and RGCs losing.However,its pattern is different from translimbal laser photocoagulation.Transgoniscope laser photocoagulation has a higher successful rate of chronic ocular hypertention than that of translimbal laser photocoagulation.

AIM:To study and compare the outcomes of coaxial 2. 2 mm phacoemulsiflcation with conventional coaxial 3 mm small-incision cataract surgery.
METHODS: A randomized prospective study was conducted on 100 patients with age - related cataract:coaxial 2. 2 mm micro - incision cataract surgery was performed in 50 cases (50 eyes), and coaxial 3 mm small incision cataract surgery was performed in 50 cases ( 50 eyes) . Statistical analysis was takenwith the data of the two groups. Visual acuity, VF and QOL were compared at intervals of 1wk and 3mo after surgery. In addition, surgically induced astigmatism ( SIA ) was analyzed. Statistic analysis was taken by Student's t-test and Chi-square test.
RESULTS:There was no significant difference on BCVA (t=-1. 366, -1. 688; P=0. 148, 0. 107) between these two groups. One week and 3mo after the surgery, SIA was (0. 46±0.29)D, (0. 43±0. 26)D in the 2. 2 group; and (1. 55±0. 59) D, (0. 89±0. 28) D, in 3. 0 group. The differences between these two groups were statistically significant ( t=-7. 348, -3. 788; P = 0. 000, 0. 000 ) There were no statistically significant differences on VF scores between two group, while it's got a better score in 2. 2 groups on vision adaptation. (t=-3. 348, P<0. 05).
CONCLUSION:Coaxial 2. 2mm micro-incision cataract surgery could significantly reduce SIA and obtain morestable status of VF and QOL. This suggests that the coaxial 2. 2 phacoemulsification surgery implanted AkreosMI60 intraocular lens could get earliervisual rehabilitation postoperation.

Objective To study the application value of parathyrod in situ exposure and protection in differentiated thyroid cancer thyroid carcinoma (DTC) surgery. Methods 500 cases of DTC admitted from Jan. 2012 to Dec. 2014 were selected for the research. According to whether the parathyroid was anatomically exposed during the surgery, the patients were divided into experimental group (exposed group) and the control group (un-exposed group). Then, depending on tumor extent and risk factors, the experimental group were divided into group E1 (lateral affected glandular lobe, isthmus lobe resection and unilateral VI lymph node dissection )and E2 (total or subtotal thyroidectomy and bilateral VI lymph node dissection), while the control group were divided in-to group C1 (surgical treatment same as E1)and group C2 (surgical treatment same as E2). Patients’ postopera-tive nerve and muscle symptoms were observed, such as clinical manifestations of face, lips, hand and foot numb-ness or convulsions. Both preoperatively and postoperatively, patients’ parathyroid hormone (PTH) and serum calcium level indicators were detected before surgery and at the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th, 14th and 28th day after surgery. Results The lymph node metastasis rate and number between experimental group and the control group had statistical insignificance (χ2=1.02, 0.79, P=0.14, 0.96). The recurrence rate of the 2 groups had no significant difference during the follow-up (χ2=0.23, P=0.65). Group E1 was significantly lower than Group C1 in postopera-tive parathyroid function decline rate, incidence of hypocalcemia and parathyroid mistakenly cut rate. Group E2 was also obviously lower than Group C2 in all these aspects. The difference had statistical significance (P<0.05). Conclusion Parathyrod in situ exposure and protection assisted by direct vision of the magnifying glass can re-duce the mistakenly cut rate of parathyroid and the temporary hypoparathyroidism, which can effectively avoid the adverse effects caused by total thyroidectomy.

Objective To investigate the clinical application value of the laparoscopic intraoperative cholan-giography in laparoscopic cholecystectomy,and summarize the experience.Methods The clinical data of 169 cases of laparoscopic cholecystectomy intraoperative cholangiography were analyzed retrospectively.Results 169 patients were successfully completed,131 cases recovered well and no complications occurred after operation.29 patients showed hyperamylasemia,of which 3 patients had intractable hyperamylasemia,8 patients complicated with secondary acute pancreatitis,with fasting,gastrointestinal decompression,enzyme inhibition(plus somatostatin)and acid,analgesic, anti infection,rehydration treatment after remission.Conclusion Laparoscopic cholecystectomy intraoperative cholan-giography is a safe and reliable diagnostic technique,on the occurrence of biliary residual stones in prevention of post-operative prevention and timely detection of bile duct injury during operation and improves the success rate of repair of bile duct injury has important clinical value;control adaptation of intraoperative cholangiography has important clinical significance of reasonable application license.

Objective To investigate the role of PDR1 gene in azole-resistant Candida glabrata (C.glabrata).Methods Thirty-eight clinical isolates of C.glabrata were collected from five different hospitals.The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of azole antifungals including fluconazole,itraconazole and voriconazole against C.glabrata were determined by broth microdilution.Sequencing and amplification of PDR1 gene was achieved by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR).The mutation was cloned into an expression plasmid and then transferred into C.glabrata.The efflux of rhodamine 6G and drug sensitivity test were performed,and expressions of CDR1 and CDR2 were examined to verify function of mutation.Results Among these 38 isolates of C.glabrata,17 were resistant to at least one of azole antifungals.Moreover,mutations of PDR1 gene existed in every resistant isolates.Results of phenotyping test showed that in the isolate that expressed PDR1P927S,the expression of CDR1 and CDR2 were increased by 20.53 and 4.03 fold,respectively.And the fluorescence intensity of rhodamine 6G was decreased to 0.62 in efflux experiment.Conclusion P927S mutation of PDR1 gene could induce azole resistance of C.glabrata by increasing the expressions of CDR1 and CDR2,which results in drug resistance due to enhanced effect of efflux pump.

Objective To explore the effect of transcription factor E2F1 on the apoptosis of small cell cancer line H446. Methods Plamid vector- mediated E2F1 small hairpin RNA (shRNA) was used to silence E2F1 in H446 cell. RT-PCR and western-blot assay were used to detect the expressions of E2F1 and Bcl-2. The apoptosis rate in H446 cell line was detected by flow cytometry assay. Result E2F1 protein was suppressed in shRNA1-modified H446 cell. Sgnificant difference of the apoptosis was shown between E2F1 shRNA1 group and the other two groups. Additionaly, the expression of Bcl-2 protein increased in E2F1 shRNA1-modified cell line. Conclusions E2F1 is highly expressed in H446 small cell lung cancer cell line. E2F1 promotes apoptosis of H446 through upregulating Bcl-2 expression.