Objective To explore the clinical characteristics of vagrant psychiatric patients with different gender and summarize nursing measures. Methods Toally 1165 vagrant psychiatric patients who all were inpatient in Shenzhen Corning Hospital between July 2014 to July 2015 were analyzed retrospectively. Seperately we analyzed incidence of nosocomial infection, aggressive behaviour, trouble-making level, restraint and protection, and activity daily living. Results There was 735 male (63.1%) and 430 (36.9%) female in 1165 vagrant psychiatric patients. Comparing with female patients, We found male patients had higher rate of nosocomial infection , aggressivity and accident level , who were susceptible to be restrained and protected ( P < 0 . 001 ) and needed more care (P<0.05). Conclusion We should specially take precautionary measures when nursing vagrant psychiatric patients with different gender.