There are many reports about causes of corrosive agents such as acids and alkaline and occasionally hot food in either liquid or solid forms as causes of upper gastrointestinal mucosal injury. However, there have been no reports on bowel preparation solutions as a cause of upper gastrointestinal injury. We describe a case of bowel preparation solution (PICOLIGHT powder) induced thermal injury of the gastric mucosa with a review of the literature.
Cathartics ; Gastric Mucosa*

Cathartics ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Rheum ; chemistry

No abstract available.
*Ascorbic Acid ; Cathartics ; Colonoscopy ; Humans ; *Polyethylene Glycols

Taiki is a kind of fundamental vital energy filling the upper aspect of the body, and it can fall because of stress, heavy labor, diarrhea, excessive intake of drugs for regulating the flow of vital energy, or extreme deficiency in vital energy.We report the case of a 39 year old female patient who complained of dyspnea, psychic enervation, and other symptoms of falling taiki from the upper aspect of the body, caused by taking a cathartic drug (mashiningan) for constipation, while being treated for agitation and emotional incontinence. Shokanto improved this state of falling taiki from the upper aspect of the body.
Energy, Physics ; Vital ; Cathartics ; g <3> ; Due to

BACKGROUND/AIMS: There are no established guidelines for bowel preparation formulation for bowel cleansing, nor is there an optimal method of dealing with inadequate bowel cleansing. This study investigated bowel preparation formulation preferences and responses to bowel preparation situations using surveys. METHODS: The study surveyed 221 Korean lower gastrointestinal endoscopists from January to March 2015 and assessed their responses. RESULTS: The analysis indicated that 2-L polyethylene glycol (PEG) plus ascorbic acid (Asc) was the preferred method (76.5%) and most responders expressed satisfaction with the formulation in both potency and safety. To address poor bowel preparation on the day of colonoscopy, the majority of physicians chose to order ingestion of additional preparations and proceed with the colonoscopy as scheduled (56.6%). In addition, concerns about renal safety and electrolyte stability were raised regarding oral sodium phosphate. CONCLUSIONS: This study found that 2-L PEG+Asc was preferred for potency and safety, and that Korean endoscopists preferred to proceed with colonoscopy in poor bowel preparation situations rather than choose an alternate diagnostic modality.
Ascorbic Acid ; Cathartics ; Colonoscopy ; Eating ; Methods ; Polyethylene Glycols ; Sodium

For improved examination of video capsule endoscopy (VCE) and device-assisted enteroscopy (DAE), bowel preparation is an essential issue. Multiple factors like air bubbles, food material in the small bowel, and gastric and small bowel transit time affect the small bowel visualization quality (SBVQ), diagnostic yield (DY) and cecal completion rate (CR). Bowel preparation with polyethylene glycol (PEG) solution enhances SBVQ and DY, but it has no effect on CR. Bowel preparation with PEG solution 2 L is similar to PEG 4 L in SBVQ, DY, and CR. Bowel preparation with fasting or PEG solution combined with anti-foaming agents like simethicone enhance SBVQ, but it has no effect on CR. Bowel preparation with prokinetics is not commonly recommended. Optimal timing for purgative bowel preparation has yet to be established. However, the studies regarding bowel preparation for DAE are not sufficient. European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) recommends 8–12 hours fasting from solid food and 4–6 hours fasting from liquids prior to the antegrade DAE. For retrograde DAE, colonoscopy preparation regimen is recommended. This article reviews the literature and ESGE, 2013 Korean published guidelines regarding bowel preparation for VCE and DAE, following suggestion for optimal bowel preparation for VCE and balloon enteroscopy.
Capsule Endoscopy ; Cathartics ; Colonoscopy ; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal ; Fasting ; Polyethylene Glycols ; Simethicone

Most reported cases of hypermagnesemia are related to laxative abuse and impaired renal function, while hypermagnesemia is uncommon without iatrogenic magnesium administration and decreased renal function. Magnesium-containing bowel-cleansing agents are widely used before colonoscopy, usually without complications. However, we experienced a case of symptomatic hypermagnesemia with normal renal function after using a bowel-cleansing agent. A 74-year-old man with normal renal function complained of lethargy and motor weakness after taking a bowel-cleansing agent containing 14 grams of magnesium before a colonoscopy for hematochezia. His magnesium level was 12 mg/dL. Fluid stasis in the gut due to colonic obstruction might have caused the hypermagnesemia. He was treated successfully with a bowel enema and intravenous calcium. We should be cautious when prescribing drugs for colonoscopy if colonic obstruction is suspected.
Aged ; Calcium ; Cathartics ; Colon* ; Colonoscopy ; Detergents* ; Enema ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Kidney* ; Lethargy ; Magnesium

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a constipation reduction program for inpatients. METHOD: Subjects were selected in one medical ward of C University Hospital from May, 2001 to November, 2001. Twenty-nine subjects were assigned to an experimental group and 32 subjects to a control group. Data related to the frequency of defecation and to the length and amount of laxative drugs used was collected by a medical record review and data on the degree of constipation was obtained by a self-report using a constipation assessment scale. RESULT: More than 90% of the subjects admitted in the department of neurology and one third of total subjects presented with activity limitation and about one fourth of the subjects were fed with a nasogastric tube. There was a significant difference in the degree of constipation, frequency of defecation, and the length and amount of laxative drug use between the two groups. CONCLUSION: This program is effective in inpatient's constipation reduction. Further studies need to apply this program in various clinical environments and properly use this program in different clinical settings.
Adult ; Aged ; Cathartics/therapeutic use ; Constipation/physiopathology/*therapy ; Defecation ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

Nephrocalcinosis is described as the deposition of calcium crystals in the renal parenchyma that result from prolonged states of hypercalcemia. Recently recognized is the deposition of calcium phosphate in the renal tubular injury by using sodium phosphate cathartics commonly used for the colonic cleansing. This phenomenon was termed phosphate nephropathy. Acute renal failure secondary to phosphate nephropathy has been increasingly recognized as a complication after the administration of sodium phosphate solution for colonoscopy. We report a case of acute phosphate nephropathy following oral sodium phosphate solution to cleanse the bowel for colonoscopy. A renal biopsy showed diffuse tubular calcium deposition.
Acute Kidney Injury ; Biopsy ; Calcium ; Calcium Phosphates ; Cathartics ; Colon ; Colonoscopy ; Hypercalcemia ; Nephrocalcinosis ; Phosphates ; Renal Insufficiency ; Sodium

Renal failure due to nephrocalcinosis after large-bowel cleansing with sodium phosphate preparations before endoscopic procedures is an easily overlooked diagnosis. While it has been reported that acute renal failure can result from the use of oral sodium phosphate preparations, chronic renal failure has not yet been reported. We report a case of chronic renal failure due to oral sodium phosphate, in which a kidney biopsy was performed.
Acute Kidney Injury ; Biopsy ; Cathartics ; Kidney ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Nephrocalcinosis ; Phosphates ; Renal Insufficiency ; Sodium