0.05). Accordingly, statistics shows that the mean value of PI is 2.56?2.35. Conclusion: The referential range of PI for Chinese CABG patients is 2.56?2.35.

Objective To introduce the clinical experience of Bentall procedure with composite tissue valve conduit. Methods Five patients were diagnosed as severe aortic regurgitation with dilatation of Valsava sinus and sinotubular junction and ascending aorta. Mean age of patients was (55.8?9.4) years (range 47～67). After median sternotomy , cardiopulmonary bypass was established using a single two-stage venous cannula. Temperature was brought to 28℃. After the ascending aorta was occluded, an aortotomy was made and aortic valve was excised. Aorta was removed from sinuses of Valsalva except for generous buttons around coronary ostia. After sizing the aortic annulus, an appropriate-size tissue valve and woven dacron conduit (3 mm greater in diameter than the tissue valve) were chosen to build a composite conduit. It was attached to annulus of aortic valve with pledget-reinforced horizontal mattress stitches to replace the aortic valve and ascending aorta as an en bloc procedure (Bentall procedure). In 2 cases, Coronary artery bypass grafting was performed with greater saphenous vein anastomosed distally to left anterior descending artery and proximately to conduit. Results All cases recovered uneventfully and they were discharged without any postoperative complications. Echocardiography was repeated before discharge. Mean aortic pressure gradient was (18.3?7.6) mmHg. Left ventricular dimension was significantly reduced [(58.8?6.3)mm vs. (43.7?3.1)mm]after operations(P0.05). Follow-up was 2 to 8 months. Conclusion With composite tissue valve conduit, Bentall procedure to replace the aortic valve and ascending aorta as an en bloc procedure is feasible and safe for the elderly patients. A long-term follow-up for the function and structure of tissue valve is needed.

To introduce the experience in application of intra aortic balloon pump (IABP) in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), 506 consecutive CABG performed from March 1997 to October 2001 including 19 cases who needed IABP support were retrospectively studied. IABP was inserted through femoral artery when blood circulation failed to maintain normal even though cardiopulmonary bypass had been weaned off and inotropic agents administered. The overall rate of using IABP was 2 4%. IABP was not needed in off pump CABG. Sixteen patients smoothly resuscitated from low output syndrome, but two died of perioperative myocardial infarction (PMI) and one of allergic shock to protamine, resulting in a mortality rate of 15 8%. Two patients (10 5%) were respectively insulted by external iliac artery rupture and thromboembolism of dorsal pedis artery but cured completely. The complication rate was 10 5%. The mean duration of using IABP was 25 3?5 6 hours. The authors hold that IABP should be used without hesitation when indicated and good early outcome and low incidence of complication can always be obtained.

0.05). While the significant differences existed between postoperative hypoxemia group and non-hypoxemia group (P

0.05). The levels of PT, APTT, TT were longer and INR was higher and FB, PTA were lower in two groups at the end of operation than at the preoperative day (P0.05). CCABG group was higher than OPCABG group in Allogeneic blood transfusion (P

Objective To introduce the strategy of perioperative blood glucose control and the early outcome in diabetic and non-diabetic patients undergone coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Methods A total of 1019 CABG were performed and the patients were divided into diabetic and non-diabetic groups (n=211, 808, respectively). The demography was comparable between the two groups with the exception that the percentage of preoperative myocardial infarction was significantly higher in diabetic group than that in non-diabetic group. Off-pump and conventional CABG were routinely performed and the left internal mammary artery (IMA) and great saphenous vein (GSV) were used as conduit. Perioperative blood glucose was controlled according to the close supervision. The aim of preoperative 6mmol/L and postoperative 8mmol/L was achieved by means of oral medication or subcutaneous injection of insulin, which was complimented by continuous pump infusion of regular insulin to optimize the glucose level. Results 99.2% patients were discharged. The overall perioperative mortality was 0.8% and the percentage was 1.4% and 0.6% respectively in diabetic and non-diabetic group with significant difference(P0.05), respectively. Cerebral infarction occurred in 1.4% diabetic patients and in 0.5% non-diabetic patients(P

Objective To introduce experience of harvesting great saphenous vein (GSV) and surgical techniques to avoid infectious complication in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Methods One thousand and one hundred twenty CABG, including 523 conventional CABG (CCABG) and 597 off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB), were performed by the same surgical team. One thousand and fifty GSV were used as the conduit. Left internal mammary artery was routinely anastomosed to left anterior descending artery(LAD), and GSV and/or radial artery to the other target vessels. Preoperative selection of GSV, operative procedure of harvesting, meticulous postoperative supervision and appropriate treatment of the incision, and the control of risk factors as diabetes mellitus, which composed an integral part of periopertive strategies, are critical to avoid infectious complication. Results No infection occurred. Recovery of two patients with diabetes mellitus was complicated by delayed healing of incision. In ten patients there was a slight exudation from the incision, and they healed without infection after the addition of 2~3 interrupted sutures. Healing was not delayed. Swelling of the involved legs occurred in the majority of patients, and numbness along the incision was also documented in some patients, and it usually recovered to normal three months after operation, after being followed-up for 3 months to 2 years. Conclusion Infection can be completely avoided after the planned procedure of harvesting GSV and meticulous perioperative care.

Objective To summarize the operative techniques and clinical outcome of 582 patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB). Methods 582 patients who underwent off-bump coronary artery bypass were retrospectively studied. Results One patient was re-explored for bleeding. The other patients experienced a good recovery without complications. The mean mechanical ventilation time was 3.2?1.2h, and the mean hospital stay time was 7?1.6d. All the patients were free from angina after the operation. 2 patients died of arrhythmia. Conclusions OPCAB can reduce the time of postoperative recovery and decrease the incidence of complication and mortality. OPCAB is a good choice for high-risk patients.

Objectives To analyze retrospectively 1120 patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting surgery (CABG) in order to evaluate surgical techniques and clinical outcome. Methods From 1997 through April of 2005, data of 597 patients who underwent conventional coronary artery bypass surgery on pump (CCABG) and 523 patients who underwent off-pump CABG (OPCAB) all performed by the same surgeon were collected and analyzed retrospectively. Eight hundred and fifty-two patients had unstable angina, 640 patients were over 60 years old (57.1%) and 862 patients had concomitant diseases involving valves, hypertension, diabetes, myocardial infarction, left ventricular aneurysm with septal defect, stroke, COPD, renal failure and cancer. A hundred and seventy-six patients had LIMS stenosis and 738 patients with triple-vessel disease. Results Total mortality was 0.36% (4-case death), and morbidity of 1.6% (sternal dehiscence, stroke and mediastinitis). The grafts per patient with CCABG and OPCAB were 3.3?0.6 vs. 2.5?0.4. Left internal mammary artery (LIMA) was used in 94% of the patients, and IABP was given in 31 patients early postoperatively. Follow-up period was 4 months to 7 years. Conclusions Rational and appropriate surgical strategies, excellent surgical techniques, improvement in anesthesia, and CPB significantly lower mortality and morbidity of CABG, which has become safe and effective in patients with coronary artery disease.

65mmHg. Sufficient blood products might be indicated when there was excessive oozing. Anticoagulant was not necessary. Two patients died of perioperative myocardial infarction and one of allergic shock to protamine. An incidence of postoperative complications as low as 2 2% (5/225) was obtained. Five patients were found to have various postoperative complications, which were completely cured. All the rest patients were uneventful, and they were discharged after (3 0?2 6) days of stay in the ICU and (8 2?1 5) days after the operation. Therefore, it is our belief that comprehensive and careful postoperative management is essential to achieve excellent results.