OBJECTIVE:To optimize the basic formula of Compound Salicylic Acid and Chloramphenicol Gel with orthogonal design test.METHODS:The closage of CMC-Na、glycerin and ethanol were taken as the review object with the oligation grade as the evaluation index to conduct L9(33) orthogonal test and the contents of salicyclic acid and the chloramphenicol were determined by HPLC. RESULTS: The optimized basic formula was as follows: sodium carboxymethylcellulose 3 g, glycerine 10 g, and alcohol 35 mL.The average recovery of Salicylic Acid and Chloramphenicol were 99.1% and 101.6%,the RSD were 0.8% and 1.3%.CONCLUSION: The basic formula optimized with orthogonal test is proved to be stable and serve as theoretic basis for the industrialized production of this preparation.

Objective To assess the value of a fibrin-targeted contrast agent (EP-2104R) for MR detection of thrombus, and to compare this modality with non-contrast-enhanced (NCE) MRI and Gd-DTPA injection at acute period after thrombus generation. Methods Thrombus was induced with external injury and stasis in 5 rabbits. MRI was performed before and after contrast agent injection at 6.0 h after injury, and the MRI findings were compared with that of histopathologically examinations. Results EP-2104R enhanced MRI accurately detected thrombus, which was superior to both NCE and Gd-DTPA injection (P<0.001). Gd-DTPA injection was not associated with improvement of thrombus detection. Conclusion Being a fibrin-targeted MR contrast agent for in vivo detection of acute thrombus, EP-2104R is superior to NCE MRI and Gd-DTPA injection.

Objective To explore the value of quantitative T2 weighted magnetic resonance imaging (T2WI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) parameters for predicting functional outcomes after surgery for cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM).Methods One hundred and forty CSM patients received T2WI and DTI before surgery at Tianjin Hospital between April 2014 and April 2016.They were then given systematic rehabilitation treatment after the surgery.The Japanese Orthopaedics Association (JOA) scoring system was applied to evaluate their neurological function before and after the surgery.According to the JOA recovery rate at 1-year follow-up,the patients were divided into a good recovery group (recovery rate≥ 50％) and a poor recovery group (recovery rate ＜50％).Maximum spinal cord compression (MSCC),signal change ratio (SCR),transverse area (TA),apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and fractional anisotropy (FA) were compared between the two groups.Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves were used to measure the prognostic ability and determine the best cut-off value for each variable.The independent predictors of a poor recovery were estimated using univariate and multivariate analysis.Results ROC analysis showed that the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of MSCC was 0.593.For SCR it was 0.682.For the TA it was 0.706.For the ADC it was 0.719 and for FA it was 0.749.The respective cut-off values were 44％ compression,1.561,0.46 cm2,1.339×10-3 mm2/s and 0.386.FA had the largest AUC,followed by ADC,TA,SCR and MSCC.MSCC and SCR had low discrimination power (AUC＜0.7) in predicting a poor recovery,whereas TA,ADC and FA had moderate discrimination power (AUC 0.7-0.9).Logistic multivariate regression showed that a low JOA score,TA≤0.46 cm2 or FA≤0.386 were independent risk factors for a poor recovery.A predicting model built according to the results of the logistic regression analysis gave an AUC of 0.87,significantly better than that of the JOA score.With a cut-off value of 0.36,the sensitivity and specificity were 80％ and 77％ respectively.Conclusions Combining T2WI and DTI parameters with the JOA score may better predict the recovery of patients with CSM.The values can also provide references for making up rehabilitation plans.

The technology of three-dimensional(3D)printing emerged in the late 1970s and has since undergone considerable development to find numerous applications in mechanical engineering,industrial design,and biomedicine.In biomedical science,several studies have initially found that 3D printing technology can play an important role in the treatment of diseases in hepatopancreatobiliary surgery.For example,3D printing technology has been applied to create detailed anatomical models of disease organs for preoperative personalized surgical strategies,surgical simulation,intraoperative navigation,medical training,and patient education.Moreover,cancer models have been created using 3D printing technology for the research and selection of chemotherapy drugs.With the aim to clarify the development and application of 3D printing technology in hepatopancreatobiliary surgery,we introduce seven common types of 3D printing technology and review the status of research and application of 3D printing technology in the field of hepatopancreatobiliary surgery.

ObjectiveTo detect the flexibility differences of Plasmodium berghei K173 （PbK173）-infected red blood cells with varying degrees of sensitivity to artemisinin-based drugs and to preliminarily explore the underlying mechanisms of the differences. MethodA total of 102 specific-pathogen-free （SPF） male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into three groups， with 30 mice each in the control group and PbK173-resistant （PbK173-R） group， and 42 mice in the PbK173-sensitive （PbK173-S） group. Except for the control group， the rest groups were vaccinated with 1×10⁷ PbK173-S/PbK173-R infected red blood cells to establish a mouse malaria model. During the administration and recovery periods （control group， PbK173-R/PbK173-S）， dihydroartemisinin （DHA， 40 mg·kg^-1） and malaridine （MD， 6 mg·kg^-1） were administered continuously for four days. Peripheral blood was taken from the PbK173-S/PbK173-R groups with an infection rate equal to or greater than 20%. Peripheral blood and each organ were taken on the first day at the end of administration （dosing period） and on the fifth day at the end of administration （recovery period）， and blood parameters and organ indices of each group were examined. The osmotic fragility of peripheral blood red blood cells in each group was detected using the red blood cell osmotic fragility test. Western blot was applied to determine the levels of Piezo1 and Band3 proteins in the red blood cell membrane. ResultDuring the administration and recovery periods， there were no significant differences between the PbK173-S MD group and the DHA group. During the administration period， there were no significant differences in hematological parameters between PbK173-S and PbK173-R in the MD group. However， during the recovery period， the red blood cell count， hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit of the PbK173-R group were significantly higher than those of the PbK173-S group （P<0.05） in the MD group. Compared with that of the control group， the osmotic fragility of the PbK173-S/PbK173-R groups was significantly enhanced （P<0.01）， and the osmotic fragility of the PbK173-S group was significantly stronger than that of the PbK173-R group （P<0.01）. The osmotic fragility of red blood cells in the PbK173-S group during the administration period was significantly stronger than that in the control group and PbK173-R group during the administration period （P<0.01）. The osmotic fragility of red blood cells in the PbK173-R group during the recovery period was significantly higher than that in the control group during the administration period and the PbK173-S group during the recovery period （P<0.05）. Compared with those in the control group， the Piezo1 protein and Band3 protein in the red blood cell membrane of the PbK173-S group were significantly reduced （P<0.01）. Compared with those in the PbK173-R group， the Piezo1 protein and Band 3 protein in the red blood cell membrane of the PbK173-S group were significantly reduced. ConclusionThe flexibility of PbK173-infected red blood cells with different sensitivities to artemisinins differed. Plasmodium-infected red blood cells significantly reduced the levels of Piezo1 and Band3 proteins in the red blood cell membrane， and the erythrocyte flexibility exhibited a decreasing trend in the following order： normal group， PbK173-R group， and PbK173-S group.