DNA methylation is part of the epigenetic modification process,which can lead to aberrant gene expression. Cytochrome P450 enzyme,cyclooxygenase,lipoxygenase and monoamine oxidase are a class of enzymes produced by human tissues,which are involved in the oxidization pro?cess of endogenous and exogenous chemicals. The methylation patterns of these enzyme genes are dif?ferent between normal tissues and pathological ones. Abnormal methylation patterns will change en?zymes′expression and function,and affect the occurrence and development of diseases. This paper re?viewed the characteristic changes of four oxidative metabolic enzyme genes in certain diseased tis?sues,the impact on methylation status of the metabolic activity of chemicals and on human health. It is hoped that this review can provide a new theoretical basis for the study on the toxic mechanism of chemicals and for diagnosis of diseases.

Objective To investigate the intelligence development status of the low birth weight infants and its influence factors. Methods The intelligence developments of 135 low birth weight infants aged 6-30 months were investigated using Bayley Scales of Infant Development, and the self-development influential factors were analyzed with questionnaire.Results The average of MDI was 86.76±18.95 in 135 infants,of which the detection rate of MDI<80 points accounted for 17.8%and the detection rate of PDI<80 points accounted for 29.6%;birth weight of infant,age,the degree of parents,culture and feeding way had significant effects on MDI in infants;age and birth weight had significant effects on PDI in infants. Conclusion The development level of infants is influenced by multi-factors. More attention should be paid to reduce premature and low birth weight infants,improve the degree of parents' culture, advocate breastfeeding and conduct early intervention in order to assure the intelligence development of infants.

Objective:To study the relationship between smoking and P53 protein expression in oral tumor tissue.Methods:The expression of P53 protein in oral tumor tissue was detected in 22 smoking cases and 32 nonsmoking cases by immunohistochemical SP method. SAS software was used for statistic analysis.Results:The positive expression rate of P53 protein in smokers (90.91%) was higher than that in nonsmokers (46.88%,P0.05). Conclusion:Smoking may stimulate the mutation of p53 gene and play an important role in the carcinogenesis of oral tissues.

Objective:To study the genetic toxic effect of smoking on human oral mucosa,and the DNA damage of exfoliated oral mucosa cells.Methods:The DNA damage of exfoliated oral mucosa cells was investigated by single cell gel electrophoresis(SCGE)in 12 cases of malignant tumor,19 cases of benign tumor and 10 health controls.There were 24 smokers and 17 non-smokers among them.The tail length and frequency of comet cells were used to measure DNA damage.SPSS and SAS software were used for statistical analysis.Results:Malignant tumors had a longer tail length and higher frequency of comet cells than benign tumors and health controls,and the difference was statistically significant(P0.05).The DNA damage of exfoliated oral mucosa cells in smokers was more serious than that of non-smokers(P

Objective:To optimize the processing technology of processed Morinda Officinalis by taking monotropein content as the index. Methods:The amount of licorice,stir frying time and cooking pot temperature were used as the investigation factors in orthogonal experiments design,and an HPLC method was used to determine the content with he following chromatographic conditions:Kromalsil C18 chromatographic column(200 mm × 4. 6 mm,5μm),mobile phase of methanol-0. 4% phosphoric acid solution(90 ∶10),the column tem-perature at 30℃,the flow rate at 1 ml·min-1 ,the detection wavelength at 233 nm and the sample size of 5μl. Results:The monotropein content of each processed Morinda Officinalis sample after different processing was:0. 535 6, 0. 582 4, 0. 523 4, 0. 589 1, 0. 578 6, 0. 587 8,0. 575 2,0. 609 1 and 0. 558 7 mg·g-1,which showed that the processing technology could affect,the monotropein content. Conclusion:The best processing technology of preparation Morinda Officinalis based on Monotropein content is: Liquorice of 6%,stir time of 10min and boiling pot temperature at 100 ℃.

Objective: To analyze the clinicopathologic characteristics of pancreatic cancer patients and explore the relationship between preoperative blood glucose level and prognosis of pancreatic cancer. Methods: The clinical data of 267 patients treated in The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from January 2015 to September 2016 were collected and retrospectively analyzed. We also studied the correlation between preoperative blood glucose level and clinicopathologic characteristics of pancreatic cancer. Results: For the study we selected 110 patients (68 males and 42 females) aged between 41 and 84 years with the mean age of (61.34±10.33) years. Among them, 74 (67.27%) of them had preoperative blood glucose level (>6.1 mmol/L) higher than normal level. In addition, 57 patients (51.81%) and 33 patients (30.0%) had CEA level and CA125 level significantly higher than normal and 83 patients (75.45%) had higher CA199 level. There were 56 patients (50.91%)with tumor size over 3 cm and 73 (66.36%) with the tumor located in the head of pancreas. There were 92.73% of patients diagnosed with adenocarcinoma, 2.73% with squamous carcinoma, 2.73% with adenosquamous carcinoma and 1.81% with mucinous cystadenocarcinoma. As for pathological grading, there were 6 cases diagnosed with highly differentiated tumors, 65 cases moderate, 12 moderate to low differentiated, and 27 lowly differentiated tumors. For clinical stage, 2, 13, 27, 20, 15 and 33 patients were detected in stage A, IIIB, ⅡA, ⅡB, III and , respectively. In addition, there were 19 patients detected with lymph node metastases, 22 with distal metastases and 22 with neural invasion. All the 110 patients were followed up effectively, with the average follow-up duration of (4.6±3.8) months. Until the last time we followed up all the patients, we found the tumor relapsed in 14 patients. The median survival time of patients with normal blood glucose was 10 months, while it was only 4 months in patients with high blood glucose. Preoperative blood glucose level was closely related with the patients' prognosis and tumor size, TNM stage, distal metastasis, lymph node metastasis, and neural invasion. Conclusion: High blood glucose level is one of the risk factors for the poor prognosis of pancreatic cancer.

Histone acetylation is a crucial part of histone modifications in epigenetics.Histone acetylation is involved in the onset of diabetes and diabetic complications,through the mechanism of inducing hyperglycemia by means of metabolic memory effect,interfering islet development and regulating the expression of inflammatory factors and pathogenic genes.Genome-wide association studies are gradually unveilling the pathogenesis of diabetes and preclinical studies are rapidly elucidating that histone deacetylase should be considered as a new target for the treatment of diabetes.

Objective To investigate the effect of rosiglitazone on the CD4+regulatory T cells in the patients with latent autoimmune diabetes in adults(LADA).Methods The CIM+T cells from IADA patients were isolated with anti-CD4-dynal magnetic beads.The expression of Foxp3 mRNA,along with peroxisome proliferators activator receptors gamma(PPARγ)mRNA and TGF-131 mRNA was determined.The effect of rosiglitazone on CD4+T cells was measured,after treated with rosiglitazone for 48 h.Cell viability was assessed by Mtit assay.The proliferation was assayed with 3 H-TdR.Two-color staining(anti-CD4,anti-CD25)flow cytometric analysis was employed to measure the percentage of CD4+CD25+T cells of Deriph eral blood.Resuits PPARγmRNA was expressed in peripheral CD4+T lymphocytes.RosiglitazoBe inhibited phytohemagglutinin(PHA)-induced human CD4+T cell proliferation in dose dependence.The percentage of CD4+CD25+T cells showed no significant change after the peripheral blood culture with 1 μmol/Land 10μmot/L rosiglitazone.10 μmol/L of rosiglitazone induced Foxp3 mRNA expression in vitro (3.27fold,P<0.05),whereas TGF-β1 mRNA expression did not change.Furthermore,only 1 μmol/L of rosiglitazone could promote Foxp3 mRNA expression if adding IL-2(10 U/m1)in cultures(3.48 fold.P

Objective To investigate the effects of Xiaotan Sanjie Recipe (XTSJR) on the proliferation and apoptosis of colorectal cancer cell;To study its relevant mechanism. Methods The original XTSJR aqueous solution was lyophilized, weighted, and dissolved in cell culture and stored. HCT116 cell line was treated with different concentrations of XTSJR for 72 h, and the cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 assay. XTSJR treated HCT116 cell line with the concentration of 0.94 mg/mL and 1.88 mg/mL for 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, and the cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 assay. HCT116 cell line was treated with different concentrations (0.24, 0.47, 0.94, 1.88 mg/mL) of XTSJR for 72 h. The cell apoptosis was detected by TUNEL assay under the fluorescence microscope, and the post-intervention expression of Caspase3 protein was detected by Western blot. Results The inhibitory effects of XTSJR on the proliferation of HCT116 cell line was concentration-time dependent. The IC50 value at 72 h-time point was 0.94 mg/mL. Medicine concentration and the treated time have interactive contribution to the inhibitory effect. XTSJR induced the cell apoptosis. The apoptosis rate increased with the increasing medicine concentration. There was statistically significant difference compared with the control group ( P<0.01). After treatment the expression of Pro-Caspase3 decreased, while the expression Cleaved Caspase3 protein increased. Conclusion XTSJR inhibits the proliferation of HCT116 cell line and induce apoptosis. Its mechanism might be related to the activity of Caspase3 protein.

Objective To investigate the effect of rectal washout on prevention of local recurrence in patients with resectable rectal cancer.Methods Relevant studies published on PubMed,Embase database and Google between January 1980 and June 2013 were identified and reviewed.A meta-analysis was performed to compute the risk ratio (RR) and evaluate the effect of rectal washout on local recurrence in patients included in the reviewed studies.Results Eight studies were included in the meta-analysis,in which a total of 427 patients underwent rectal washout and 492 did not during rectal cancer resection.The patients had an overall local recurrence (LR) rate of 6.64 ％ (61/919).Rectal washout,no matter which type of washout solution was used,significantly reduced the risks of local recurrence (3.75 ％,16/427 vs 9.15 ％,45/492,RR =0.46,95 ％ CI =0.26-0.82,P =0.008).Patients with rectal washout showed a low LR rate,when compared with those in the three subgroups who underwent total mesorectal excision (TME) (5.18 ％,10/193 vs 5.32 ％,10/188).However,there was no statistically significant difference in the risk of LR among the three subgroups (RR =0.99,95 ％ CI =0.42-2.30,P =0.98; RR =0.44,95 ％ CI =0.18-1.04,P =0.06; RR =0.46,95 ％ CI =0.20-1.04,P =0.06,respectively).Conclusions The intra-operative rectal washout largely reduces local recurrence after anterior resection of rectal cancer.Rectal washout should be applied routinely during anterior resection.