Objective:To explore change of serum level of growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15)in patients with heart failure (HF)after myocardial infarction,and its correlation with cardiac function and myocardial fibrosis indexes.Methods:A total of 100 HF patients after acute myocardial infarction (AMI)were enrolled as HF group,and 50 healthy subjects were selected as healthy control group.GDF-15 level change was measured,its correlation with cardiac function [left ven-tricular end-systolic diameter (LVESd),left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDd)and left ventricular ejection frac-tion (LVEF)]and relative indexes of myocardial fibrosis [brain natriuretic peptide (BNP),serum transforming growth fac-tor (TGFβ),type I and III procollagen amino-terminal peptides (PINP,PIIINP)]were analyzed in two groups.Results:Compared with healthy control group,there were significant rise in serum levels of GDF-15 [(623.56±70.21)ng/L vs. (2003.53±163.2)ng/L],TGFβ[(21.5±6.89)ng/ml vs.(58.93±12.81)ng/ml],PINP [(150.58±32.57)ng/ml vs. (233.15±26.94)ng/ml]and PIIINP [(17.56±8.72)ng/ml vs.(48.64±9.28)ng/ml]in HF group,P <0.05~<0.01. Along with NYHA cardiac function class increased (II~IV),GDF-15 level significantly elevated [(1521.32±98.23)ng/L vs.(2311.92±108.52)ng/L vs.(3023.54±129.36)ng/L,P <0.01 all].Pearson correlation analysis indicated that in HF patients after myocardial infarction,serum GDF-15 level was inversely correlated with LVEF (r =-0.574,P <0.05), and positively correlated with LVESd and LVEDd (r =0.688,0.752,P <0.05 both);GDF-15 level was positively correla-ted with plasma BNP level,serum levels of PINP,PIIINP and TGFβ(r =0.568~0.82,P <0.05 all).Conclusion:Growth differentiation factor-15 is involved in ventricular remodeling in patients with heart failure after myocardial infarction.

Objective: To investigate the therapeutic effect and safety of Jian Shen Li Shui No. 1 for treatment of acute cerebral hemorrhage. Methods: The patients enrolled were randomly devided into 3 groups. The group A were treated with Jian Shen Li Shui No. 1, the group B with Xing Nao Xiao Zhong Capsules and the group C with 20% mannitol. Symptoms and signs, changes of urine volume, quality of life, routine examination of blood, urine and feces, function of liver and kidney, electrocardiogram, blood lipid, sugar, electrolytes, reological changes were observed. Results: The total effective rate in the group A was superior to that in the group B(P0. 05) ; while the cured and markedly effective rate in the group A was better than that in the group C (P

Aim To investigate effects of loureirin B on capsaicin-evoked currents in rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. Methods In acutely isolated rat DRG neurons, effects of loureirin B on capsaicin-evoked currents were observed using whole-cell patch-clamp technique. Results ① The holding potential was maintained at -60 mV and VR1 antagonist capsazepine inhibited capsaicin-evoked currents completely; ② Loureirin B concentration-dependently inhibited capsaicin-evoked currents. Loureirin B at the concentrations of 2.0, 4.0, 8.0 and 16.0 ?mol?L-1 reduced capsaicin-evoked currents by 15.36%?2.12%、36.41%?2.43%、76.26%?2.16% and 96.69%?3.21% (n=10, P

Despite decades of the prevention and control.China is still one of the countries with high prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV).It is imperative for us to innovate.Lab diagnostic platforms for drug-resistant mutation and HBV genotyping to enhance the management level in patients with CHB.Specifically,the following three strategies should be included:firstly,choose an appropriate platform for drug-resistant mutation detection according to the actual situation in laboratory.Secondly,establish a practical and simple genotyping platform for real-time monitoring of HBV genotypes.Thirdly,combined with clinical,explore the correlation among genotypic resistance,phenotypic resistance and clinical resistance when different medications are adopted,confirm the percentage or threshold of resistant strains causing clinical resistance,and ascertain the influence of HBV genome polymorphism (genotype) on clinical prognosis.These strategies above mentioned will lay a foundation for CHB personalized treatment and prognosis.

This article made a summary on the study progress of compound Danshen drop pills resisting activation and aggregation of blood platelet. From the pharmacological point of view, the author explored the possible mechanisms of how compound Danshen drop pills resist the activation and aggregation of blood platelets and drew a conclusion, which is Danshen drop pills exert the function by multiple positions, levels and targets.

Early esophageal cancer is derived from mucosa and submucosa without lymph node metastasis. They are detected generally during endoscopy or physical examination without clinical symptoms. Main treatment of early esophageal cancer is endoscopic resection,and the 5-year survival rate is over 90% . Once symptoms occur,local lymph node metastasis is often present and the prognosis is poor with a markedly reduced 5-year survival rate. Thus it is vital to diagnose and treat esophageal cancer at an early stage. With the development of endoscopic techniques,especially the proficiency of endoscopic ultrasonography(EUS),the detection rate of early esophageal cancer has been increased greatly. EUS also plays an important role in the staging of early esophageal cancer. This article reviewed the application of EUS in diagnosis and treatment of early esophageal cancer.

Objective To investigate the effects of therapeutic hypercapnia on acute pulmonary allograft rejection induced by macrophages in rats.Methods Twenty-four adult male Wistar rats and 12 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 250-280 g,were used in this study.The recipient rats were randomly divided into 3 groups using a random number table (n =6 each):syngraft group (group S),allograft group (group A) and therapeutic hypercapnia group (group H).In group S,Wistar rats served as donors and recipients,while in A and H groups,Sprague-Dawley rats served as donors and Wistar rats served as recipients.Orthotopic left lung transplantation was performed using the cuff technique.After transplantation,the rats inhaled 50％ N2-50％ O2 for 90 min during reperfusion in S and A groups,while in group H the rats inhaled N2-O2-CO2 for 90 min during reperfusion and PaCO2 was maintained at 80-100 mm Hg and O2 concentration in inspired air at 48％-50％ by adjusting the concentrations of the three gases.At 7 days after operation,the arterial blood sample was collected for blood gas analysis and for determination of serum concentrations of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interferon γ (IFN-γ)by ELISA.The oxygenation index was calculated.Then the rats were sacrificed,and the transplanted lungs were removed for microscopic examination and for detection of infiltration of macrophages (by immunohistochemistry)and cell apoptosis (by using TUNEL) in lung tissues.The rejection was scored and apoptotic index was calculated.Results Compared with group S,PaCO2,serum concentrations of TNF-α and IFN-γ,rejection score,the number of macrophages and apoptotic index were significantly increased,and oxygenation index was decreased in group A (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group A,pH value and oxygenation index were significantly increased,and serum concentrations of TNF-α and IFN-γ,rejection score,the number of macrophages and apoptotic index were decreased in group H (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Therapeutic hypercapnia can reduce macrophage-induced acute pulmonary allograft rejection possibly through inhibiting the inflammatory responses and cell apoptosis.

Objective To explore the effect of manipulation on muscle tension and motor function of children with spastic cerebral palsy.Methods 80 children with spastic cerebral palsy were divided into observation group and control group with 40 cases in each group.Both groups were treated with exercise, acupuncture, electrotherapy, Chinese medicine steam bath. The observation group received massage treatment before and during exercise treatment. Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) and Gross Motor Function Measure-88 (GMFM-88) were used to evaluate the muscle tension and motor function. Results 3 months after treatment, the MAS score decreased and the score of GMFM-88 increased significantly in both groups (P<0.001), and the MAS score was lower, and the score of GMFM-88 was higher in the observation group than in the control group (P<0.001). Conclusion Manipulation can further improve the muscle tension and the motor function of children with spastic cerebral palsy.

Objective To observe the effects of Buyang Huanwu decoction(BYHW) on the expression of Cyclin D1 and Cdk2 in rats with post-stroke depression(PSD).Methods The rats model of focal cerebral ischemia was established by means of middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO).Then three weeks of salute-living and chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS) was given to the animal after cerebral stroke to induce the post-stoke depression animal model.The rats were divided into 5 groups:the sham operated group,the midge cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO) group,the PSD group,the fluoxetine group and the BYHWD group.The rats were subjected to left MCAO rebuilding in consistent focal cerebral ischemia,followed by an 21-day exposure to chronic mild stress (CMS)and single housing to induce PSD animal model.All rats were killed in 7,14 and 21 day after operation.The expressions of Cyclin D1 and Cdk2 were measured by immunohistochemical staining.Results Pathological changes such as hippocampal nerve cell regression,degeneration and necrosis were observed in the model rats compare with the sham operated group.The expression of Cyclin D1 in normal hippocampus in 7,14 or 21 day after operation was (1.16±0.34)％,(1.62±0.29)％ and (1.60±0.24)％ respectively,and Cdk2 was (1.52±0.26)％,(1.85±0.23)％ and (1.97±0.10)％.After PSD the expression of Cyclin D1 was (49.69±5.68)％,(58.17± 2.89) ％ and (50.87 ± 2.48) ％ respectively,and Cdk2 was (50.63 ± 2.93) ％,(70.34± 1.47) ％ and (61.35 ± 3.04) ％.Compared with model group,Fluoxetine and BYHW significantly reduced the numbers of Cyclin D1 and Cdk2 positive cells,the expression of Cyclin D1 was (16.62±4.27)％,(29.66±5.24)％ and (26.71±1.32)％ at fluoxetine group,and Cdk2 was (18.05±2.26) ％,(33.84±3.12) ％ and (24.51±2.66) ％.The expression of Cvclin D1 was (14.62±2.06)％,(26.89±3.41)％ and (23.68±2.01)％ at BYHWD group,and Cdk2 was (16.60± 2.42) ％,(20.09±3.45) ％ and (22.19± 1.70) ％.Conclusion The abnormal expression of Cyclin D1 and Cdk2 at the PSD rats indicate that they may be involved in the mechanism of neuronal death.Buyang Huanwu decoction may reduce the neuronal apoptosis through down-regulating the expression of Cyclin D1 and Cdk2.

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