Objective To explore the relationship between the postoperative prophylactic antibiotics and surgical site infection rates after breast cancer surgery.Methods Retrospective review of patients with breast surgical procedures between March 2007 to March 2016 were included,267 cases only preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis as control group,and 117 cases of preoperative and postoperative prophylactic antibiotics as research group.The surgical site infection( SSI) rates were compared.Results There was no statistically significant association between research groups and control group of SSI rates for both a 30-day postoperative period and beyond.Further,There was also no statistically significant association between research groups with drains and control group with drains of SSI rates for both a 30-day postoperative period and beyond.Conclusion There is no significant relationship between postoperative prophylactic antibiotics and surgical site infection rates after breast cancer surgery.

[Objective] The aim was to choose the best feeder layer by observing the effects of various human feeders supporting human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), and to probe the correlation between the levels of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) secreted by feeders and the growth of the hESCs. [Methods] The primary cells from various tissues were cultured, including foreskin, stromal endometrium, villus, adult fallopian tubal, fetal skin, fetal muscle and mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). The hESCs were transferred to various feeders, and then the best condition was probed, which was based on the feeder density and the time of mitomycin-C acting on the feeder. Comparing the characteristics of the hESCs, the best feeder was chosen of all kinds of feeders from various tissues that support the hESCs. The level of bFGF secreted by various feeders was detected using ELISA. [Results] All of tested feeders could support the hESCs growth for over 10 passages in the culture, especially the foreskin and the adult fallopian tubal. The density of feeders was related with the morphology and the differentiation rate of the hESCs. According to the characteristics of feeder, the feeder ranking was as follows: foreskin, stromal endometrium, villus, adult fallopian tubal, fetal skin and fetal muscle. Based on the characteristics of the hESCs, the order of feeders was: foreskin, adult fallopian tubal, stromal endometrium, villus, fetal muscle and fetal skin. The levels of bFGF (pg·10~(-5)·mL~(-1)) secreted by various feeders were as follows: adult fallopian tubal (13.23±3.39), foreskin (1.99±0.17), villus (1.40±0.17), fetal muscle (2.02 ±1.59), stromal endometrium (0.38±0.28), and fetal skin (0.29±0.29). [Conclusion] The foreskin and the adult fallopian tubal could support the hESCs better than others though all of them could;do, especially the, foreskin. The bFGF that secreted by the adult fallopian tubal was the highest of all. The correlation was not obvious .between the levels of bFGF secreted by feeders and the growth of the hESCs.

Aim To study the pharmacokinetics of curcumin-pvp solid dispersion ig administration in mice in comparison with the free curcumin suspension.Methods Drugs were administered at a dose of 300 mg?kg-1 via ig.The plasma concentration of curcumin was determined by HPLC,the pharmacokinetics were calculated by DAS ver1.0 program.Results The curcumin pharmacokinetics conforms to a two-compartment open model after a single ig dose of curcumin solid dispersion in mice.The parameters were as follows:T12? and T12? were 16.4 and 266.1 min,respectively.AUC was 89.6 mg?L-1?min-1,Vd was 763.9 L,V1 was 51.0 L,and CL was 1.99 L?min-1.The absorption rate of curcumin solid dispersion was 6.75 times as much as curcumin suspension.Conclusion The curcumin solid dispersion improves the absorption of curcumin in vivo in mice evidently.

Objective To study the distribution and pharmacokinetics of curcumin in tumor-bearing mice.Methods Curcumin injection(100 mg/kg)was injected to the tumor-bearing mice through tail vein.The liver,kidney,lung,heart,parenchymal tumor and ascitic fluid were acquired to abstract curcumin at 20,40,100 minutes after injection respectively.A HPLC method was established for determination of curcumin.Results Curcumin contents in the liver,kidney,lung,heart,parenchymal tumor and ascitic fluid were 6.40,0.98,0.13,0.06,0.05 and 0.02 ? g/g after injection of 20 minutes respectively.While after 40 minutes,the contents reduced to 0.20,0.06 and 0.02 ? g/g in the liver,kidney and lung respectively,and could not been detected in other tissues.After 100 minutes,curcumin was only detectable in the liver(0.04 ? g/g).Conclusion Curcumin distribution is focused in the liver of tumor-bearing mice,while the focal concentration is lower .Metabolism of curcumin in vivo is fast.

BACKGROUND: Prostate cancer stem cell is an important reason for the invasion and recurrence of prostatic carcinoma. However, separation efficiency of prostate cancer stem cells is very low.OBJECTIVE: To explore the efficient method for isolating and identifying the prostate cancer stem cells from human prostatic carcinoma cell lines PC-3 and LNCap. METHODS: Prostate cancer cell lines PC-3 and LNCap were cultured in serum free medium (SFM) and serum supplemented medium (SSM), respectively. The percentage of prostate cancer stem cells from different medium was detected by flow cytometry through markers CD133 and CD44, and the properties of prostate cancer stem cells were preliminarily identified using inducing differentiation experiments.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: PC-3 and LNCap formed sphere cells in SFM, which can be induced into adherent cells after culture in SSM. Higher percentage of CD44+/CD133+cells was obtained from LNCap cells (1.71%; 0.73%) than PC-3 cells (0.59%; 0.32%) in both SFM and SSM. The number of CD44+/CD133+ LNCap cells was more than PC-3 using both methods (P < 0.05), but the efficiency of SFM and SSM had no statistical significance (P > 0.05). However, the culture cycle was longer and number of obtained cells was less by SFM culture, directly influencing functional determination of prostate cancer stem cells. Compared with suspension culture method with SFM, SSM is more convenient and effective in isolating prostate cancer stem cells from LNCap cells.

Objective To investigate the role of interleukin-17 (IL-17) in spinal dorsal horns in neuropathic pain (NP) in rats and its effect on activation of astrocytes.Methods In vivo experiment Sixty-four male SPF Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 6-8 weeks,weighing 180-200 g,were randomly divided into 3 groups using a random number table:control group (group C,n =16),sham operation group (group S,n =24) and group NP (n =24).The animals were anesthetized with intraperitoneal pentobarbital sodium,the L5,6 spinal nerves of the left side of the rat were gently separated and exposed,tightly ligated with 5-0 silk suture and transected.In group S,the L5,6 spinal nerves of the left side of the rat were only exposed.In group C,no operation was performed.Mechanical pain threshold was measured at day 1 before operation and days 1,3,5,7,10 and 14 after operation.The expression of IL-17,IL-6,IL-1β and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) mRNA in the spinal dorsal horn was determined using quantitative real-time PCR at day 7 and day 14 after operation.At day 7 after operation,the activation of astrocytes in the spinal dorsal horn was detected.In vitro experiment Primarily cultured astrocytes of neonatal rats were randomly divided into 4 groups using a random number table:control group (group C,n=22),10 ng/ml IL-17 group (I10 group,n=18),50 ng/ml IL-17 group (I50 group,n-18) and 100 ng/ml IL-17 group (I100 group,n=22).In I10,I50 and I100 groups,the astrocytes were incubated with the culture medium containing 10,50 and 100 ng/ml IL-17,respectively.The proliferation of astrocytes was detected by MTT at 24,48 and 72 h of incutation or culture.The expression of IL-6,IL-1β and TNF-α mRNA was determined using quantitative real-time PCR.Results In vivo experiment Compared with group C,the mechanical pain threshold was significantly decreased at 3-14 days after operation,the expression of IL-17,IL-6 and IL-1β mRNA in the spinal dorsal horn was up-regualted at 7 days after operation,and the activation of astrocytes was increased in group NP,and no significant change was detected in the mechanical pain threshold at each time point after operation in group S.In vitro experiment Compared with group C,the proliferation of astrocytes was significantly increased at 48 h of incubation in I10 and I50 groups,the proliferation of astrocytes was significantly increased at 48 and 72 h of incubation,and the expression of IL-6 and IL-1β mRNA was up-regulated in I100 group,and no significant change was found in the proliferation of astrocytes in group S.Conclusion Up-regulated expression of IL-17 in spinal dorsal horns may be involved in the maintenance of NP,and the mechanism is related to promoted activation of astrocytes and induced inflammatory responses in rats.

Objective To explore the effect of competency based education (CBE) in the nursing training of GNS (gerontological nurse specialist).Method The CBE was used in the nursing training of GNS and the differences in knowledge and nursing skills,ability in nursing training,and aiblity in organization and scienticific research.Result After the training,the GSN was above 80 in knowledge and skills,ability in nursing training,ability in organization and scientific research and self-assessment better than that before training (P＜0.05).Conclusion The CBE for the nursing training can upgrade the abilities in the GSN in the aspects of knowledge and skills,nursing training,organization and scientific research so that they become more competent in the gerontological nursing.

Objective To verify the efficiency of a new laparoscopic urethrovesical anastomosis training model by comparing it with the chicken skin model. Methods Chicken posterior trunks and porcine colons were used to construct the training model. The posterior trunk of a chicken was used to simulate a human pelvis, and a 3-mm cloacal stump was used to simulate a human urethral stump. A 15-cm segment of porcine colon with a 1-cm orifice was used to simulate a human bladder or neobladder. An imitation urethrovesical anastomosis was performed with laparoscopic instruments in a laparoscopic training box. Forty trainees with no laparoscopic experience were randomized into 2 groups.The trainees in group A (n=20) practiced using this new model for 8 h, while those in group B (n=20) practiced using the chicken skin model for 8 h. The trainees' skills were assessed using the porcine model before and after training. Results Compared with the chicken skin model, this new training model more accurately resembled the structure and characteristic of human pelvis, urethral stump, and bladder (neobladder). After the training sessions, both groups improved in anastomosis time [GroupA: (64±11)min vs. (123±20)min, P＜0.05; Group B: (77±12)min vs. (121±17)min, P＜0.05] and quality (Group A: 8.8± 1.0 vs. 3.8 ± 1.2, P＜0. 05 ; Group B: 7.7 ± 0.9 vs.3. 7± 1.1, P＜0. 05). Compared with trainees in group B, trainees in group A required less time and achieved a higher quality score (P＜0.05). Conclusions This new training model can help urologic surgeons to reduce learning curve of this technique and improve their suturing skills. It is an effective,convenient training model for laparoscopic urethrovesical anastomosis.

Objective To evaluate the effect of the Parasep? feces centrifuge tube method on detecting schistosome eggs. Methods A total of 803 residents aged from 6-65 years were selected in 2 schistosomiasis endemic villages Jiangling Coun-ty Hubei Province and their stool samples were collected and detected parallelly by the Kato-Katz technique nylon silk egg hatching method and Parasep? feces centrifuge tube method at the same time. Results Among the 803 people 15 cases were found of schistosome egg positive and the positive rate was 1.87%. The positive rates of the Kato-Katz technique nylon silk egg hatching method and Parasep? feces centrifuge tube method were 0.75% 1.49% and 1.12% respectively. The schistosome eggs got with the Parasep? feces centrifuge tube method were clear and easy to identify. Conclusion In low endemic areas of schistosomiasis the Parasep? feces centrifuge tube method can be used as schistosomiasis japonica etiology diagnosis method.

Objective To build a high quality diagnosis system for schistosomiasis surveillance in the situation of low infec-tion in Jianglin County. Methods The network laboratory for schistosomiasis diagnosis was built according to the national crite-ria in Jianglin County in 2012. Results The network laboratory for schistosomiasis diagnosis was established successfully and the operation was quiet well. Conclusion The establishment and operation of the laboratory play an important role in the real-ization of schistosomiasis elimination.